Izimfanelo zomuntu ziyizici zengqondo ezizinzile, ezithonya umphakathi, ezenza umsebenzi osebenzayo, zixhumana nabanye abantu. Ukuchaza umuntu njengomuntu, umuntu kufanele abonise izimfanelo zakhe, njengoba ezembulela abanye ngezenzo nezenzo.
Izimfanelo zomuntu siqu zomuntu
I-genetic predisposition in the development of izimfanelo zomuntu idlala indima ebalulekile, kodwa umuntu akakwazi ukukhipha imvelo umuntu ayenayo. Emvelweni yabanye abantu, ingane ithatha amaphethini ahlukene okuziphatha, ifunda ukufunda imizwelo nokuphendula kulabo noma kwezinye izenzo nokubona ukuthi yiziphi izimfanelo ezamukelwa emphakathini futhi ezingekho. Ubuntu bomuntu bukhula yonke impilo yakhe futhi ngaphambi kokuba umuntu avame ukukhetha ukuzibonakalisa ohlangothini oluhle noma olungalungile.
Izimfanelo ezinhle zomuntu
Izimfanelo zendoda enhle zihlale ziphakamisa impendulo kubantu futhi zithole imvume emphakathini. Lezi zimfanelo zingahle zibalwe ezingenasiphelo, ezinye zizuzwe njengefa, ezinye, uma zifisa, zidinga ukuthuthukiswa. Izimfanelo ezinhle zomuntu - uhlu:
- ukuthembeka;
- ukujabula;
- ukuzethemba ;
- i-altruism;
- ukuthembeka;
- ithenda;
- i-charm;
- ukuxhumana;
- ukugcina isikhathi;
- ukuthembeka;
- ukuhlonipha;
- ukucabangela.
Izimfanelo ezimbi zomuntu
Izinga noma izimfanelo ezingalungile zitholakala kuwo wonke umuntu, ngisho nezinhlakaniphi zasendulo zazikhomba ubuhle bomuntu futhi ziqhathanisa "okuhle" no "okubi" kuye nezimpisi ezimbili - okuhle nokubi, ukulwa phakathi kwabo, futhi lowo okhuliswa kakhulu uyowina. Izimfanelo ezimbi zizibonakalisa ngokwanele, uma ingane ingafundile izindinganiso zokuziphatha zomphakathi, ngokuvamile izingane ezinjalo zikhulela emindenini engasebenzi, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi kumuntu omubi unemvelo engokwemvelo.
Izimpawu ezimbi zohlu lomuntu:
- umhawu;
- ubugovu;
- ukuzidla;
- ukuziqhenya;
- ukuzenzisa;
- i-pessimism ;
- ubuvila;
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- isihluku;
- ukuhaha;
- ubumbulu;
- ukuphosa;
- ukunganakwa.
Uyini ubuhlobo phakathi komsebenzi kanye nezimfanelo zomuntu?
Zonke izimfanelo zabantu zivela ezidingweni eziyisisekelo - ukwamukelwa, ukuhlonishwa, ukuhlala ngokuphepha, ukuzigcwalisa, ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana kuqondile. Izidingo zidala umsebenzi, futhi ukuze ukwanelise izidingo, izimfanelo ezithile zomuntu, isibonelo, izisebenzi zobuchwepheshe, zidinga ukuqashelwa. Ukuzimela, ukuzithiba nokubekezela kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni lo mdlalo. Ukukhetha isiqondiso somsebenzi, ubuntu buveza lezo zimfanelo ezidingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe.
Yiziphi izimfanelo zomuntu?
Izimfanelo zomzimba zomuntu zihloswe ngokukhuthazela kwakhe kanye nedatha yemvelo, ezinye izimfanelo zezinga eliphakeme libhekisela ezinkambisweni zomlingiswa, isimo. Labo kanye nabanye bakhiwa kulo lonke ukuphila, eziningi zazo zibalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukubunjwa nobuntu ngisho nasebuntwaneni. Imfanelo yimizimba yokuziphatha, yokuziphatha, enamandla, iprofeshini - yonke ibonisa umhlaba wangaphakathi womuntu, ukuthi uyini.
Izimfanelo zokuziphatha zomuntu
Ukuziphatha nokuziphatha kuhlobene kakhulu futhi lezi zimfanelo zithathwe komunye nomunye. Izimfanelo zomuntu wendabuko ezinjengokuhlonipha, ukukhalipha, isimo sengqondo sokuqaphela ifa labo kanye nemvelo kuyisisekelo senhlalakahle emphakathini. Phakathi kwezimfanelo zokuziphatha kungabonakala futhi okulandelayo:
- ububele - umusa kubantu, kusiza ababuthakathaka nabaswelekile;
- ukuhlonipha abanye - ukuqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlukile futhi umuntu ngamunye unento yokuhlonipha;
- ukwethembeka yikhwalithi ehlobanisa kokubili (ukuba yiqiniso ezimisweni zomuntu) nomqondo womhlaba wonke - ukwethembeka eMlandland;
- ukungabi nabugovu - ukwenza izenzo ngezisusa ezinhle, ngaphandle kokufuna inzuzo ngokwabo;
- ingokomoya lingumgangatho ohlanganisa zonke izici zokuziphatha nokuzikhohlisa okuphakamisa umoya womuntu.
Izimfanelo zokuziphatha zomuntu
Izimfanelo zomuntu oqeqeshwe kubalulekile ukuba khona komphakathi. Izindinganiso nemigomo yomphakathi yakha uhlobo oluthile lohlaka olujwayelekile noma isisekelo sokuba abantu baqondise futhi badlulisele izingane zabo. Lo muntu ubonisa ngaphakathi kwakhe ngokuziphatha nangokuziphatha - lokhu kuyizimfanelo zokuziphatha ezakhiwa ngokusebenzisa ingqondo, imizwelo kanye nentando. Ngokwemvelo, izimfanelo zomuntu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: "kuyadingeka," "kungenzeka," "akunakwenzeka."
Izimfanelo zokuziphatha ezivela esigabeni esithi "kudingekile" - yikhono lokwenza izinto ezivamile:
- isikweletu;
- umthwalo wemfanelo;
Izimfanelo ezivela esigabeni esithi "kungenzeka" - yizo zonke lezo zibonakaliso zobuntu ezingahambisani nezinkolelo nezindinganiso zangaphakathi:
- ukuhlonipha;
- isithunzi;
- unembeza;
- umqondo wobulungisa.
Izimfanelo zokuziphatha zesigaba "esingenakwenzeka" - zisola umphakathi futhi zibangela ukungathandi phakathi kwabantu:
- umhawu;
- ukuhlazeka;
- ubuqili;
- ukuthambekela kokuqamba amanga.
Izimfanelo zemiqondo yomuntu
Izimfanelo ezinamandla zomuntu yizici ezingokomqondo ezizinzile ezichaza umuntu ovuthiwe ngezinga eliphakeme lokuziqhenya ngokuziphatha okuzibophezela ezimweni ezahlukene. Udokotela we-Psychology V.K. UKalin ahlola izimfanelo zomuntu ngokomzwelo-izigaba zomuntu wazihlukanisa ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili: basal and systemic.
Izimfanelo zesimo se-basal (ezisemqoka):
- ukubekezela - ikhono lokungaphoqeleli izenzakalo nokuxosha umphumela osheshayo, kodwa ukugcina umzamo owengeziwe wokusebenza, ukuhamba ngesivinini esinikeziwe, ngisho noma izimo zingakhiwa kahle (izithiyo, ukubambezeleka, ukukhathala kwangaphakathi);
- isibindi - sibhekane nokwesaba, ikhono lokuthatha izingozi, uhlale uzinzile ezimweni ezicindezelayo;
- amandla - ikhwalithi evumela ukuthi wena uphakamise umsebenzi ezingeni elifunayo ngomzamo wokuthanda;
- ukuzithiba nokukhuthazela - ikhono lokungaphezu kwemizwa, izenzo zokuzikhukhumeza, ukuzithiba, imizwelo, ukuziphatha.
Izimfanelo zesimo sezimiso:
- inhloso - isifiso emgomweni, ukusekelwa "ikhampasi yangaphakathi" eholela emphumela;
- ukuphikelela - ikhono lokunqoba ubunzima;
- ukuvumelana - ukunamathela kwisimiso esisodwa esiqondisayo, esingagudluli okwesibili;
- isinyathelo - ikhono lokuhumusha imibono evelayo;
- ukunamathela esimisweni - ikhwalithi yomuntu, okuvumela ukuba ulandele izimiso ezithile zokuziphatha futhi ungashintshi.
Izimfanelo zomphakathi zomuntu
Umuntu akakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle komphakathi, njengabantu ngabanye, abantu abavulelekile emphakathini bexhumana nabanye. Umuntu uthonya umphakathi, nomphakathi uthinta umuntu - le nqubo ihlale isekelwe ngamabili. Umuntu ngamunye wenza izindima eziningana zomphakathi, futhi indima ngayinye kunesethi yezimfanelo ezidalula. Izimfanelo ezinhle zomuntu zimsiza ukuba avule emphakathini kusukela ohlangothini olungcono futhi alethe ukuvumelana.
Izimfanelo zomphakathi zabantu:
- ukuziqhenya kuyindlela ebalulekile evumela ukuthi umuntu azibonele ohlelweni lwezenhlalakahle;
- ukuhlonza umphakathi - ikhono lomuntu ukukhomba nabanye abantu ngokucophelela noma ngokomzwelo;
- ukuzihlonipha - ikhono lokuzihlola ngokwanele ngokwakho ngokungadluli noma ukungahloniphi imfanelo yomuntu, kuyisici esibalulekile somqondo wokuzimela;
- umsebenzi womphakathi - amakhono namakhono okukhiqiza izinyathelo ezibalulekile zomphakathi ekuthuthukiseni umphakathi;
- umbono wezwe - isethi yemibono, amanani, izinkambiso kanye nesimo sengqondo sokunquma isimo sengqondo somuntu emphakathini nasemhlabeni wonke.
Izimfanelo zebhizinisi zomuntu
Izimfanelo zomuntu zomuntu zibonisa amandla akhe futhi zimchaza njengomchwepheshe, ezakhiwe ngesisekelo sezimfanelo namakhono asevele ekhona. Lapho uqasha, umqashi kumele abheke ukuthi yiziphi izimfanelo namakhono umfakisicelo. Izimfanelo ezibalulekile emsebenzini webhizinisi lomuntu (ngohlobo ngalunye lomsebenzi kungase kube nezidingo):
- umfundi okusheshayo;
- amakhono enhlangano;
- ukuxhumana;
- ukuzimela emsebenzini;
- isinyathelo;
- ikhono lokusebenza nge-multitasking;
- ikhono lokukhuluma phambi kwezilaleli;
- isipiliyoni ekwenzeni izingxoxo zebhizinisi;
- ukunemba;
- ikhono lokuhlela usuku lokusebenza;
- ukumelana nokucindezeleka okukhulu;
- ukucabangela nokuhlonipha ubudlelwane bomphakathi;
- ingqondo yokuhlaziya;
- ukufunda nokubhala;
- amakhono enhlangano.
Yiziphi izimfanelo ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu afinyelele umgomo?
Uma ubuza noma yikuphi umuntu okubasiza ukuba bafeze imigomo nemigomo yabo, izimpendulo zizohlukahluka - kuyinkqubo yomuntu ngamunye futhi kuxhomeke ezimweni eziningi kanye nemvelo yendawo yokugcina, izindinganiso ezivela ebuntwaneni. Izimfanelo zomuntu odala - lokhu kuphefumulelwe nokudala, "okunye" kudinga ukuzimela nokukhuthaza. Lokho okugqugquzela umgomo, omunye akusizo ngisho usizo, wonke umuntu unendlela yakhe yokuphumelela kanti nokho kukhona umqondo ojwayelekile wabantu mayelana nokuthi lezi zimfanelo kufanele zibe yiziphi.
Izimfanelo zomuntu ophumelelayo
Izimfanelo zangaphandle zomuntu yindlela azibonakalisa ngayo ezenzweni nasezenzo, futhi lezi zimfanelo zibonakalisa ngaphakathi. Izimfanelo zomuntu ophumelelayo zitholakala ngokuzimela futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izigaba zokuxazulula izinkinga. Eminye, izici zobuntu ezingabalulekile ezingabalulekile:
- ubuhlakani - kusiza ukuthola izixazululo ezingezona ezejwayelekile zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemisebenzi oluvela nsuku zonke elula, ekuxazululeni izindaba zebhizinisi;
- Ukuzikhethela - ukucabanga okungalungile kuye kwabhubhisa imibono eminingi nemiklamo engakaze ifinyeleleke, ngoba ukucabanga okuhle kuphela kuveza umphumela;
- ukuzethemba - kubangelwa ukuzwakalisa futhi kwakha inqubo;
- gxila ekusizeni abantu - ikhwalithi ebalulekile yomuntu ophumelelayo oqonda ukuthi namhlanje uzokusiza, kusasa kuzomsiza;
- Umbono wamathemba kanye nokubala kwemiphumela emibili phambili;
- isibindi - wonke umuntu wesaba into entsha, engaziwa, kodwa kuphela ukunqoba ukwesaba kwabo kungaphumelela;
- Ukuziqhenya - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlelwa kwamalungiselelo okubheka sengathi kukuzungezile kangakanani, udinga ukugcina isifiso bese uya emgomweni.