Lapho ukwelashwa kwama-pathologies we-thyroid, iodine yama-radioactive ingasetshenziswa. Le isotopu inezindawo zayo eziyingozi, ngakho-ke inqubo yokwethulwa kwayo emzimbeni kufanele yenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela oqeqeshiwe kakhulu.
Iodine ye-radioactive - ukwelashwa kwegciwane le-thyroid
Inqubo esebenzisa i-isotope inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- ayikho isikhathi sokuvuselela;
- esikhumbeni azikho izibazi nezinye iziphambeko zobuhle;
- ngesikhathi sisebenza nge-anesthetics asisetshenzisiwe.
Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive kunezinselele zalo:
- Ukwakheka kwe-isotopu akugcini nje ekuguleni kwegciwane, kodwa nakwezinye izicubu zomzimba, kuhlanganise nama-ovaries kanye ne-prostate. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinyanga eziyisithupha ezilandelayo emva kwenqubo, iziguli kufanele zivikelwe ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwe-isotophi kuyaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni, okungahle kuthinte kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus. Abesifazane bokukhula kweminyaka kuzodingeka bahlehlise ukukhulelwa kwengane iminyaka emibili.
- Ngenxa yokunciphisa amathanga aqoshiwe kanye nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwezingqungquthela zomzimba, kungase kube nokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwalezi zinhlelo zomzimba.
I-radioactive (ngokuvamile i-I-131) i-iodine inqunywe kula macala alandelayo:
- i-neoplasms ye-thyroid;
- i-thyrotoxicosis;
- imisebenzi eyenziwa nge-thyroid;
- i-hyperthyroidism ;
- isakaza i-goiter enobuhlungu ;
- ingozi yokucindezeleka emva kokusebenza.
Ukwelashwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis nge-iodine ye-radioactive
Ukwelashwa okunjalo kunikeza imiphumela emihle. Ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism nge-iodine ye-radioactive yayiphumelele, umthamo we-I-131 gland obanjwe yizicubu kufanele ube ngu-30-40 g. Leli nani le-isotopu lingangena emzimbeni ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngama-fractional (imizuzu 2-3). Ngemuva kokulashwa, i-hypothyroidism ingase ivele. Kulokhu, iziguli zibekwa i-Levothyroxine.
Ngokwezibalo, labo abatholwa ukuthi bane- thyrotoxicosis , ngemuva kokwelashwa ngezinyanga ezingu-3-6 ezinyangeni kamuva, lesi sifo siphenduka. Iziguli ezinjalo zihlinzekwa ngokuphindaphindiwe nge-iodine yama-radioactive. Ukusebenzisa i-131 ngezifundo ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 ekwelapheni kwe-thyrotoxicosis akukakushicilelwa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, iziguli ezine-radioactive iodine therapy azikhiqizi imiphumela. Lokhu kubonakala ngokumelana kwe-thyrotoxicosis ku-isotopu.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-thyroid nge-iodine ye-radioactive
Ukwamukelwa kwe-isotopu kunikezwa kuphela kulabo abagulayo abaye bathola ukuthi banezifo ezithathelwanayo ngenxa yokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile ukwelapha okunjalo kuyenzeka engozini enkulu yokuphindaphinda umdlavuza we-follicular noma we-papillary. Ukwelashwa kwegciwane le-thyroid nge-iodine enomsakazo kwenziwa phambi kwezicubu ezisele ezithatha futhi ziqoqe I-131. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukukhwabanisa kwenziwa.
I-isotopu inikezwa iziguli ezilinganisweni:
- nge -rapy - 3,7 GBq;
- esimweni lapho ama-metastase ehlasela amantombazane lymph, - 5.55 GBq;
- kanye nomonakalo emathisini amathambo noma amaphaphu - 7.4 GBq.
Iodine ye-radioactive ngemva kokususwa kwengubo ye-thyroid
I-131 isetshenziselwa ukuthola amathisaseli. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-1,5 emva kokuhlinzwa, ukucwilisa usebenzisa iodine yama-radioactive. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa ibhekwa ngokuphumelelayo. Imidwebo yomsakazo yindlela encane engathembeki yokuthola izidakamizwa. Uma umphumela ulungile, ukwelashwa kwe-iodine e-radioactive kunqunyelwe. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kuhloswe ekubhujisweni kwezilonda.
Ukulungiselela i-radioiodotherapy
Isimo sesiguli emva kokwelashwa kuncike kakhulu ekulandeleni imiyalelo kadokotela. Akuyona indima yokugcina lapha enikezwa ukuthi ukulungiswa kwenqubo kwenziwa kanjani. Kuhlanganisa ukuhambisana nemithetho enjalo:
- Qiniseka ukuthi akukho ukukhulelwa.
- Uma kukhona ingane, yihumushe ngokudla okufakelwayo.
- Yazisa udokotela mayelana nayo yonke imithi ethathwe. Izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kwe-radioiodine kufanele kumise ukusetshenziswa kwazo.
- Yamukela ukudla okukhethekile.
- Ungaphathi amanxeba futhi ugaye nge-iodine.
- Akunqatshelwe ukugeza emanzini anosawoti bese kuvula umoya womoya. Ngesonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuba inqubo kufanele ishiywe iyahamba ogwini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwe-radioiodine, udokotela uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa, okuzoveza ukuthi amandla omzimba wesiguli ayinamandla kangakanani. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba ukwelapha nge-iodine ye-radioactive ye-gland yegciwane, kudingekile ukudlulisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-TSH ekuseni. Futhi, amahora angu-6 ngaphambi kwenqubo, kufanele uyeke ukudla, nokuphuza amanzi - amahora amabili.
Yidla ngaphambi kwe-iodine ye-radioactive
Isistimu yokudla okunjalo inqunywe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kwenqubo. Iphela emva kwamahora angu-24 emva kokwelapha. Ukudla okungeyona i-diode ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive kuhlanganisa nokuvinjelwa kokudla okunjalo:
- amaqanda nokudla okuqukethe;
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle;
- obomvu, i-motley kanye nobhontshisi bamala;
- ushokoledi nemikhiqizo lapho ikhona khona;
- ushizi, ukhilimu, ukhilimu kanye nobunye ubisi;
- ukudla, ekulungiseleleni ukuthi usawoti odidayo uhlanganisiwe;
- imikhiqizo ye-soy.
Iodine ye-radioactive - inqubo eyenziwa kanjani
Ukwamukelwa I-131 kwenzeka ngomlomo: isiguli sigwinya ama-capsules kugobolondo le-gelatin equkethe i-isotope. Amaphilisi anjalo angenasiphelo futhi akanambitheki. Kumele kugonywe ngokuphuza izibuko ezimbili zamanzi (ijusi, soda nezinye iziphuzo azamukeleki). Awukwazi ukuhlaziya lezi capsules! Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-goiter ene-toxic ne-iodine yama-radioactive kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ikhemikhali efomini. Ngemuva kokuthatha le iodine, isiguli sidinga ukuhlanza kahle umlomo. Ngehora lesiseduze emva kwenqubo, ukudla nokuphuza akuvunyelwe.
Esigulini, i-iodine ene-radioactive inenzuzo enkulu - iyasiza ukubhekana nesifo. Izivakashi zesiguli kanye nabanye abantu abaxhumana nabo, i-isotopu iyingozi kakhulu. Ingxenye yokuphila yalesi sakhi samakhemikhali yizinsuku ezingu-8. Nokho, ngisho nangemva kokukhishwa esibhedlela ukuvikela abanye, isiguli sinconywa:
- Esinye isonto ukukhohlwa mayelana nokumanga nobuhlobo obuseduze.
- Ukubhubhisa izinto zakho ezisetshenziswe esibhedlela (noma uzibeke esikhwameni seplastiki esiqinile kumaviki angu-6-8).
- Kuvikelwe ngokuthembeka.
- Izinto zokuhlanzeka komuntu kufanele zigcinwe zihlukile kwamanye amalungu omndeni.
Ukwelashwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive ye-gland gland - imiphumela
Ngenxa yezici zomuntu ngamunye, izinkinga zingenzeka ngemuva kokwelashwa. Imiphumela ye-iodine yomsakazo emzimbeni yenza okulandelayo:
- ubunzima bokugwinya;
- ukuvuvukala entanyeni;
- isicasuli;
- bhala emphinjeni;
- ukoma okunamandla;
- ukuhlanekezela kokubona ukunambitheka;
- ukuhlanza.
Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa nge-iodine esebenzayo
Nakuba le ndlela yokwelapha ibhekwa njengokuphephile kwesiguli, unezinhlangothi zombili ze "medali". I-irradiation nge-iodine yama-radioactive iphethe izinkinga ezinjalo:
- umbono ubonakala;
- izifo ezikhona ezingapheli zikhona;
- iodine ye-radioactive inomthelela ekuzuzeni isisindo;
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nokukhathala kubonakala;
- izinga legazi liyehla (okuqukethwe kwamaplatelet ne-leukocyte kunciphisa);
- ngemuva kokunciphisa ekukhiqizeni amahomoni, ukucindezeleka nezinye izifo zengqondo zithuthuka;
- emadodeni, inani le-spermatozoa elisebenzayo liyancipha (amacala angenasisekelo aqoshiwe);
- ingozi yokuthuthukisa i- leukemia iyanda.
Ngukuphi okungcono - iodine noma i-radioactive?
Ayikho impendulo engafanele, ngoba icala ngalinye lingumuntu ngamunye. Udokotela kuphela onganquma ukuthi yikuphi okuyophumelela kakhulu kule i-patient - iodine esebenzayo noma ukuhlinzwa. Ngaphambi kokukhetha indlela yokulwa ne-pathology ye-gland yegciwane, uzocabangela izici ezihlukahlukene: iminyaka yesiguli, ukutholakala kwezifo ezingapheli, izinga lokunqotshwa kwesifo nokunye. Udokotela uzokutshela isiguli mayelana nezici zendlela ekhethiwe futhi achaze imiphumela ngemva kwe-iodine ye-radioactive.