Ukuqondiswa ngolwazi kusuka emakethe kanye nezincomo zabakhiqizi, abantu abaningi bathatha amavithamini unyaka wonke futhi abangalawuliwe, ngisho nangaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Kodwa-ke, akubona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi ukudliwa ngokweqile kwamavithamini kungaba yingozi kakhulu kunokuntuleka kwabo. Ngakho-ke, ukwesaba u- vitamin ukuntuleka kuholela kwenye inkinga - hypervitaminosis.
Kuyini i-hypervitaminosis?
Amavithamini yizinto eziphilayo ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni, ukukhula nokusebenza komzimba womuntu. Ukuba khona kwabo noma ukuntuleka kwabo kungaholela ezifweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Isidingo sokuphila kwamavithamini siyahluka futhi sincike ezintweni eziningi: iminyaka, ubulili, ukuqina kwesifo, uhlobo lomsebenzi, njll. Kodwa-ke, lesi sidingo sisesikhathi esifanayo isikhawulo esingadingi ukuphulwa, kungenjalo sisongela ngemiphumela engathandeki.
Izinhlobo ezimbili ze-hypervitaminosis zihlukaniswe: zilukhuni futhi zingapheli. I-hypervitaminosis eqondile iyenzeka ngokusetshenziswa okulodwa kwemithi emikhulu kakhulu yevithamini, engapheli - ngokudla isikhathi eside kwevithamini D kumanani aphezulu. Futhi, i-hypervitaminosis ingenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwamancane amavithamini, lapho kukhona ukuzwela okhethekile.
Ngokuvamile, i-hypervitaminosis ivela lapho kutholakala ngokweqile kwamavithamini amanothi-a-A, D, E no-K. Lawa mavithamini, ngokungafani namanzi anelulisayo, anakho ukuqoqa emzimbeni.
Ukudlula i-vitamin A
I-hypervitaminosis enamandla ye-vitamin A iholela emakhanda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuphazamiseka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuhlukumeza isikhumba.
Izimpawu zobuningi be-vitamin A ezingaphezu kwesikhathi esingapheli ziyizi: ukucasuka, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuvuthwa njalo, ukoma kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, kukhona ukwephulwa komsebenzi wesibindi, ukwehla ekukhiqizeni i-prothrombin (iphrotheni echaphazela i-coagulability yegazi), okuholela ekuthuthukiseni i-hemolysis, izinsini eziphaphayo, ukuphuma kwegazi. Ama-spurs abuhlungu angabonakala emathanjeni.
Ukwedlula i-vitamin A nakho kuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaminerali adrenal, corticoids, okubangela ukubambezeleka emzimbeni we-sodium, i-chlorine, amanzi, njll. kuholele ebuhlungwini bokuvuvukala nasemathambo. Ngokuvamile uma ukudlula ngokweqile kwale vivamisi, ukuguqulwa kwesibindi kwesikhumba kubonakala, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lokhu kungaholela enkingeni ye-fetal yentuthuko.
Ukudlula i-vitamin D
I-Hypervitaminosis ye-vitamin D iyingozi futhi ingaholela ekufeni. Ukubonakaliswa okuphawulekayo kokukhululeka kwayo kungukuthi: ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ukukhanda ikhanda, isifo sofuba, isisindo sokukhwabanisa, ukubonakala emcinini wamaprotheni nama-leukocyte. Kulokhu, ama-salcium usawoti ahlanjululwa emathanjeni futhi agcinwe ku-adrenal, izinso, isibindi nemithambo yegazi. Futhi lokhu kusongela ukwakheka kwe-thrombi, ukuqhuma kwe-atherosclerosis, ukuguqulwa komsebenzi wesimiso senhliziyo kanye nezinye izitho.
Umonakalo obalulekile ekudleni kwalokhu ku-vithamini kungaletha ezinganeni. Ukudumala, ukukhula okunamandla, izinso zezinso akuyona uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi.
Ukudlula i-vitamin E
Namuhla, ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-vitamin E kuyinto evamile, ehlobene nolwazi ngezinzuzo zama-antioxidants. Kodwa "i-vitamin E" eyengeziwe ayingaholeli kuphela ukukhanda ikhanda, ukukhubazeka nokukhubazeka kwamathumbu (isifo sohudo, izifo ezincane, i-enterocolitis), kodwa futhi nezifo ezingathí sina esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela.
Futhi, i-hypervitaminosis yale vivithamini iyathinta umsebenzi wesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi futhi ingabangela ukugxuma okubukhali ekucindezelekeni kwegazi, kuze kube yinkinga ye-hypertensive.
Ukudlula ngaphezulu kwevithamini K
I-Hypervitaminosis ye-vitamin K ibonakala ingavamile kakhulu, ngoba le vithamini ayiyona into enobuthi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iyakwazi ukudala ukuphazanyiswa ngenqubo yegazi yokugaya, okungenzeka kungathandeki kwezinye izifo ezithile.
Ukwehla kwamanzi amavithamini ayenamanzi
Imiphumela emibi iholela ekudleni ngokweqile kwamavithamini angenawo amanzi, aphethwe emcinini. Ngakho-ke, ukungaphezu kwe-vitamin B okuholela ekudakwa, kuphenduka ubuhlungu besisu, ukucindezela okwandisiwe, isibindi esikhulu.
Ukudlula ngokweqile kwe- vitamin C kuholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi yegazi, umsebenzi wezinhliziyo ezikhubazekile, ukwanda kwegazi, ukwehluleka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypervitaminosis, ukungenisa amavithamini, kanye nemithi, kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nomthetho kadokotela futhi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwakhe.