I-Logotherapy - yikuphi, izimiso eziyisisekelo, izindlela, amasu nokuzivocavoca

I-Logotherapy - okungenani kanye empilweni umuntu ngamunye udinga loluhlobo lwenqubo yengqondo. Izimpikiswano ezihlobene nobudala zivame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezincazelo ezikhona lapho umuntu angathembela khona, futhi lokhu kufana nesimo lapho inhlabathi inqunywa khona ngaphansi kwezinyawo.

I-Logotherapy enokwengqondo

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Logotherapy nokuhlaziywa kwe-existential yizindlela zesayensi ye-psychology ekhona ekhulile yocopanalysis. I-Logotherapy ivela kulesiGreki. ama-logos - igama, itrapeia - ukunakekelwa, ukunakekelwa. Izazi-Psychologists-logotherapists zibona njengomsebenzi wazo ukusiza abantu ukuthola izincazelo ezilahlekile noma ukudala ezintsha. I-logotherapy eqinisekisiwe kakhulu ekwelapheni izinzwa.

Umsunguli we-logotherapy

I-logotherapy kaFrankl kafushane: "Umuntu udinge njalo ukuhambisana nesenzo semisebenzi, imisebenzi, izimo, izenzo." I-Logotherapy yasungulwa nguVictor Frankl, umqondo wezifo zengqondo wase-Austria nesazi sengqondo esidlulisa ikamu lokuhlushwa laseJalimane. Zonke izindlela zakhe zidluliselwa ngaye futhi iziboshwa ziye zafakazela ukuthi ziphumelela, ukuthi kunoma yisiphi isimo umuntu angaphila futhi athi impilo "Yebo!".

I-Logotherapy - ucwaningo

Izisekelo ze-logotherapy zikaFrankl zisekelwe ekutadisheni kwakhe kanye nokumelelwa komuntu njengendlela yokumisa emithathu, esimweni esingenasisekelo lokhu kungumqondo wengqondo nangokomzimba womuntu ngamunye, futhi kunomqondo ongokomoya (noetic) oqondile. Konke, lokhu kuyinto engabonakali. Ngokomoya ukuhlukanisa umuntu nesilwane. Zonke izigaba ezintathu zinezinye izingxabano phakathi kokuqukethwe kwangaphakathi nezwe langaphandle, isifiso sokuqonda entsha, ukuthola izincazelo ezintsha esikhundleni somsebenzi ongasasebenzi ngumgomo womuntu.

Izinhlobo ze-logotherapy

Izinhlobo kanye nezindlela ze-logotherapy zisekelwa abalandeli bakaVr. Frankl, kodwa ukungavumelani kwalokho okuye kwahlushwa futhi kwahlolwa ezinkulungwaneni zabantu kubonisa ukuthi izindlela ziyasebenza futhi zifanele namuhla. izinhlobo zama-logotherapy amasu:

Imisebenzi ye-logotherapy

Izimiso ze-logotherapy ziqaphela umsebenzi walo oyinhloko: ukuzuza incazelo yomuntu siqu, ukusiza ukuqhubeka, ukudala, ukuthandana nokuthandwa. Incazelo ingatholakala kwenye yezigaba ezintathu: ubuciko, isipiliyoni esingokomzwelo, ukwamukelwa kwezimiso umuntu angakwazi ukushintsha. Okubaluleke kakhulu kumagugu V. UFrankl unikeza ubuciko, echaza umuntu njengomdali. Futhi ekuhlangenwe nakho ngokomzwelo - uthando.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwe-logotherapy

I-Logotherapy iklanyelwe abantu bobabili empilweni nasekuguleni, umgomo we-logotherapy akumele umbophe umuntu ukuthi kusho ukuthini umuthi, kodwa ukusiza ukuwuthola, yonke imithwalo yemfanelo ikhona nesiguli. V. UFrank uveza izindawo ezingu-5 zokusetshenziswa kwe-logotherapy:

I-Logotherapy kaFrankl - izimiso eziyisisekelo

I-logotherapy kaFrankl yabonisa ukusebenza kwayo emacaleni abonakala enganakiwe lapho ukungahlali komuntu kube yisitatimende sokugula kwengqondo. UFrankl wayekholelwa ukuthi ngisho nengxenye eguqukile yobuntu inengxenye ephilile ngokugcwele, futhi ukufinyelela kule nxenye yobuntu kuyasiza ekunciphiseni lesi sifo, futhi ngisho nokuyinciphisa ekuxoxweni, futhi esimweni esihle kunazo zonke kuholela ekubuyiseleni.

Izimiso ze-logotherapy:

  1. Inkululeko yentando . Umuntu ukhululekile ukwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo, enze ukukhetha okunolwazi ngokuqondisa kokugula noma impilo, ekuqapheliseni lokhu, noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa akuwona umusho, kodwa ukucinga incazelo yokuthi kungani lesi sifo siphumelele, ngalokho okufunayo ukubonisa.
  2. Ingabe ukuzwa . Inkululeko yinto engenayo incazelo yayo, kuze kube yilapho umuntu efinyelela isifiso sencazelo futhi ekwakheni umgomo. Zonke izinkinga ezivelayo zinikwe ukuthi yini leyo njongo.
  3. Incazelo yokuphila . Luhlelwe yizimiso ezimbili zokuqala futhi ngamunye ngamunye, nakuba wonke umuntu enombono ovamile wemagugu. Injongo ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokuphila ukuzenza ube ngcono, futhi kwabanye kuyoba yisikhuthazo sokuthola izincazelo zakho futhi ulwela inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yakho.

Izindlela zikaFrankl zokulogotherapy

Izindlela ze-logotherapy zizibonakalise ngokwazo ekwelapheni ama-phobias, ama-neuroses ahlukahlukene, ukukhathazeka okuvela emvelaphi engaziwa. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-logotherapy kuza lapho umuntu ethemba ukuthi lo mchwepheshe uyahamba naye emkhakheni wokudala. Kunezindlela ezintathu ze-logotherapy:

  1. Inhloso ephazamisayo . Umuntu wesaba okuthile okuyinkimbinkimbi yokuphila kwakhe. Le ndlela isisiza ukuhlangana ubuso nobuso ngokwesaba, ukuhlangana naye, ukwenza okwesabisayo, ukuqinisa umqondo wakho wokwesaba endaweni ebucayi, uphendule lo mbuzo: "Kuyini into embi kakhulu eyenzekayo uma nginquma / ngingenayo?"
  2. I-Dereflexia , indlela eyakhelwe ukwelashwa kwe-hyperreflexia nokulawula, isebenzise ngempumelelo ukuphatha i-anorgasmia yesifazane, isuka kuye, ukukhathazeka nokugxila kumlingani womuntu, kukhona ukwehla kwenkinga yokufanisa okulindelwe kwabanye futhi kukhulule ukulawulwa kwe-hyper.
  3. I-Loganalysis iyi-inventory eningiliziwe yokuphila komuntu, okuvumela i-logotherapist ukuthola incazelo yomuntu ngamunye. Ama-neuroses, izinkathazo kanye nokwesaba kudlula.

Logotherapy - Ukuzivocavoca

I-Logotherapy iyindlela yokusiza evelele izinhlangothi ezicacile zokuphila komuntu, izinsiza angasisebenzisa ukuze aphume elasha lokulahlekelwa incazelo yokuphila. I-Logotherapy - amasu nokuzivocavoca komcabango (fantasy, imagination, ubandlululo), sebenzisa izithombe:

  1. Umlilo . Uphawu lomlilo kokubili impilo nokufa. Ngumuphi umlilo umuntu awubona emcabangweni wakhe, mhlawumbe uyisibhakabhaka sekhandlela noma isibani emgodini omnyama, ukugoqa izinkuni endaweni yomlilo noma ngomlilo? Ingabe kukhona labo abakhona futhi abheka umlilo - zonke lezi zinhlangano zingatshela okuningi ngesimo sengqondo somuntu.
  2. Amanzi . Cabanga echibini okungukuthi: i-echibi, umfula, unolwandle. Iyini umbala wamanzi nokugeleza kwesimo esiphezulu noma esinokuthula samanzi - ngisho nabantu abanenkinga yokucabanga, umfanekiso wamanzi ubonakala kalula. Ngokuphathelene namanzi lapho umuntu ekhona khona: ogwini, noma emi emanzini, athayela? Yimiphi imizwelo ? Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukuphumula futhi uthole imizwelo emihle kanye nezinzwa ezithinta ngempela.
  3. Umuthi . Umuntu unjengesihlahla, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ubona uhlobo luni lomuthi. Ingabe iyinsimu encane, ukuthuthumela emoyeni, noma isihlahla esinamandla, igxilile ngokujulile ekujuleni kwezimpande zayo, futhi ikhuphukela phezulu ngomqhele osakazekayo? Ingabe yedwa, noma ingabe abanye bakhona? Yonke imininingwane: amaqabunga, i-trunk, indaba yomqhele. Isithombe singashintshwa futhi senezelwe, kusize umuntu ukuthi aqinise.

Amasu weqembu we logotherapy:

  1. "Ngiyajabula lapho ..." ngiyaqhubeka kahle, izitatimende ezengeziwe, kangcono, indoda ijwayele ukwenza okuhle futhi iyeka ukuyiqaphela, umsebenzi usiza ukuthola lokhu okuhle futhi empilweni yakhe.
  2. Ukubona okuhle kwakho nabanye. Ilungu ngalinye leqembu kufanele, ngokuzibonga ngokuthile, khona-ke lenze ukuncoma kumuntu ohleliyo, lokhu kufanele kuzwakale ngobuqotho.

I-Logotherapy - izincwadi

UVictor Frankl "I-Logotherapy nencazelo yekhona. Izihloko kanye nezinkulumo »- le ncwadi imayelana nemvelaphi nokubunjwa kwe-logotherapy njengendlela yokwelapha kwengqondo. Ezinye izincwadi zomlobi:

  1. " Yisho ukuphila" Yebo! "Isazi sezinqondo ekamu lokuhlushwa ." Lo msebenzi ubhekwa njengenkulu futhi uthonya isiphetho sabantu. Ngisho nasezimo ezingenabuntu ekamu lamaNazi, umuntu angaphila ngenxa yobungqabavu bomoya futhi athole incazelo yalo.
  2. " Umuntu ufuna incazelo ." Iyini incazelo yokuphila komuntu nokufa komuntu noma izinto ezimbi: uthando , ukuhlupheka, umthwalo wemfanelo, inkululeko, inkolo-yilokho V. uFrankl akholelwa emsebenzini wakhe.
  3. " Ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokungabi nalutho kwempilo. I-psychotherapy yochungechunge ». Le ncwadi izoba usizo kubantu abalahlekelwe isithakazelo ekuphileni. V.Frankl uhlaziya izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kwezincazelo futhi unikeza izindlela zokuphelisa umbono obuhlungu weqiniso.

Amabhuku abalandeli baka-V. Frankl:

  1. " Logotherapy usizo lochwepheshe. Umsebenzi womphakathi ugcwele incazelo. "D. Guttman. Uprofesa we-psychological existential uholela impilo enenjongo nsuku zonke, eqhubeka nomsebenzi kaVr. Frankl, esiza abantu abaningi ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi ukuphila kwabo kuyisipho, futhi zonke izenzakalo kulo zigcwele incazelo ejulile.
  2. "I- Logotherapy: izizinda ezithandwayo nezibonelo ezisebenzayo " A. Battiani, S. Shtukarev. Inqubo yokwelapha ye-logotherapy esenzweni, kwenzeka kanjani, yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziselwa - le ncwadi ilandisa ngakho konke lokhu.