Phakathi kwezindlela eziningi zokwenza indawo yokuhlala ibe mnandi emehlweni, i-dahlias yendabuko iyendabuko yendabuko, ukutshala kanye nokuhlengikaza okungeke kudingeke noma ngabe yikuphi ukuhlukunyezwa okuphawulekayo noma ulwazi olukhethekile.
Ukuhlelwa komhlaba - i-dahlias yonyaka
Ama-flowerbeds nama-dahlias onyakeni owodwa sicela ucindezele iso ngokukhanya okuluhlaza kwamafihledi amaningi. Lezi zimbali zingasetshenziswa ukufeza cishe noma yimiphi imibono yokuklama: i-curbs, i- mixborders , imibhede yembali nezimbali , nomhlobiso olula wemithambeka yabo. Ukuhlunga iqembu, ngokujwayelekile ukhethe izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo, izitshalo ezilodwa - ezide kakhulu. Ukuziqhenya kwalesi sitshalo ukuthi kungatshalwa kokubili njengonyaka (ukuhlwanyela imbewu) futhi njengesitshalo esingapheli (ukumba i-tuber ebusika).
Ukuze i-dahlias ibe umhlobiso ogcwele wendawo ekuqaleni kwehlobo, yenza indlela yokutshala yokutshala lesi sitshalo. Ama-Dahlias ngonyaka, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okuqala ngokuhlwanyela ngqo engadini yembali, kubonakalisa amandla abo ekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho ezinye izitshalo eziningi sezivele ziqhakaze. Ukudidiyela kokubili lezi zindlela zokutshala i-dahlias kungavunyelwa phakathi nezimbali zazo eziluhlaza futhi ezikhanyayo.
Izinhlobo ze-Dahlias zonyaka
Ukunquma ukutshala esakhiweni se-dahlias nsuku zonke, ungathenga ngokuphepha imbewu eqinisekisiwe ekhonjiswe ngokuthi "mix". Futhi uthole ngenxa yombhede wembali elikhanyayo ofanayo nezici (ukuphakama kwesihlahla, isikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye nesilinganiso sombala) kanye ne-dahlias ehluke ngokuphelele. Labo abakhetha ukwazi kahle ukuthi bayothola yini ekuphumeni, kufanelekile ukunaka izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- "Bajabulele amantombazane" - kudingekile ukuthi ulinde ama-buds okuqala kulezi zihlukahlukene, futhi kucacile ukuthi igama aliphiwe ngeze: izimbali ezikhanyayo, ezilula neziphuzi zibukeka ngendlela enomusa futhi ngokuzikhandla ukuthi, ngaphezu kokuthanda, zibangela ukumomotheka;
- "Vasilisa" - inketho enhle kulabo abafuna ukujabulela ubukhulu be-dahlias ngaphandle kokushiya amakhaya abo: isiqu esincane esinesibindi kanye nesikhathi sokuqhakaza sokuqala sinika ithuba lokukhulisa lezi ezihlukahlukene emkheneni noma kwi-sill window;
- "Ama-pom-poms aphuzile" - uhlobo oluthile lweJulayi nxazonke dahlia, olufanele ngokugcwele ukuhlobisa izindlela zezitayela nezakhiwo zokwakha;
- "Bambino" - encane (kuze kufike ku-25 cm ukuphakama) i-terry dahlias enamakhanda amakhulu kakhulu, ekhula kusukela phakathi noJulayi kuya ku-frost kakhulu;
- "I-Opera" - i-terry dahlias emikhulu enemibala emnene, ekahle yokuhlela ama-flowerbeds.
Dahlias ngonyaka - ukutshala
Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini ovulekile kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokuqondile, lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo ensimini yembali, kanye nobuncane. Indlela yokuqala ayibangeli ubunzima esiteji sokutshala, kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwezitshalo: ukunciphisa okunembile nokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbali zakuqala kuleli cala azikwazi ukubalwa. Indlela ehlezi idinga ukuphikisana nokukhanyisa nokukhethwa , kepha emva kokufika emanzini ensimu imizamo incishiswa ukuphuza nokufaka umquba ngezikhathi ezithile.
Indlela yokutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka emhlabathini?
Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka kuzo zonke izindlela zokulima:
- Ngokuhlwanyela ama-dahlias ngqo embhedeni wembali, izindawo ezincane zenziwa emhlabathini, lapho imbewu ibeka khona bese ubumnene ngobuncwane bese ziphuza. Emva kokuvela kwezithombo ezincane, ukuhluma kwezinhlumela ezinobuthakathaka nezibuthakathaka kwenziwa.
- Lapho utshala izithombo ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye ukumba imbobo encane, ukuyibeka ukuze intamo impande ibe ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
Uma uhlela ingadi yembali, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indawo ngaphansi kokutshala kwe-dahlia kufanele ivule kahle futhi ivikeleke emoyeni. Uma ku-penumbra kusekhona ithuba lokutshala isifanekiso esingafanele noma esingaphansi kwalesi sitshalo, khona-ke emthunzini we-dahlia welula ngokuqinile futhi ulahlekelwe isabelo sezingonyama zokuzihlobisa kwabo. Uma utshala izithombo, kubalulekile ukuphatha izimpande ngokucophelela - kungcono ukubeka izithombo emgodini kanye ne-clod yomhlaba ebhodweni.
Kukuphi ibanga lokutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka?
Ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kwenziwe ngokucabangela ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayoba amahlumela aluhlaza, okuzodinga indawo enkulu yamahhala. Igebe phakathi kwama-dahlias ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo kufanele libe okungenani ama-30 cm, phakathi kwamade amade - ubuncane obungama-60 cm. I-Dahlias, ukutshala minyaka yonke nokunakekelwa okwenziwe ngokuphula lezi zikhathi, kuphoqelelwe ukuba ukuncintisane ngemisebe yelanga ebalulekile, okuholela ekutheni kube namandla okwehliswa ubuhle bezimbali .
Ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka?
Masingene eminye imininingwane ngombuzo oyinhloko, nini ukutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka uma ukhulile kusuka kumbewu? Isikhathi sokuwahlwanyela ngqo ensimini yembali siwela engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi, lapho usongo lwe-frosts ebusuku liqinisekisiwe ukuthi liyadlula. Izithombo zenziwa ukuhamba ngaphansi kwezulu esibonakalayo ngasekuqaleni kukaJune, njengoba kunzima isikhathi esithile. Kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo zingakapheli isonto lesibili lika-Ephreli, ukuze ngesikhathi sokutshala ensimini yembali, i-dahlias yayilungele ukuvuna.
I-Dahlias yonyaka ekhulayo
Ukuthakazelisa iso ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ubukhulu kanye nemibala, i-dahlias yonyaka ivumela amaphrojekthi omklami owedlula zonke ukuba ayenze ngenani elincane labasebenzi. Ukuzama izinhlobo ezintsha namaphethini wokutshala okungavamile, ungakwazi ukuguqula ngokuphelele isayithi njalo ngenkathi. Yiziphi i-dahlias ezinhle zonyaka, ukuthi ukutshala kanye nokuhlengikaza kufinyelela kalula ngisho nangomuntu onokuncane okuhlangenwe nakho okukhulisa imbali nesikhathi samahhala.
Umhlabathi we-dahlias wonyaka
Njengoba kungavamile njengoba kungase kuzwakale, ukutshala i-dahlias yonyaka emhlabathini kuqala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokufika kusuka ekulungiseni umhlaba endaweni ekhethiwe. Kumele kugwetshwe, ukhethe izimboni zezitshalo ezikhulayo futhi wenze umquba: umquba, i-humus noma i-humus. Ukuze uthole izimbali ezigcwele, isitshalo sidinga izakhi eziningi, kuyilapho inhlabathi kufanele ibe nezinga eliphakeme lokuswakama nomoya wokuphefumula. Zombili izinhlabathi ezisindayo futhi ezilula ezisehlabathini ezinesihlabathi zizobe zingalungile ngokufanelekile kuma-dahlias.
Izimbali zonyaka dahlias-reproduction
Wonke umuntu okungenani uma enquma ukutshala ama-dahlias emasimini eminyaka yaminyaka yonke, ukukhula nokukhathalela ngeke kudale inkinga. Futhi ukubaluleka kuyoba yinkinga yokuvunwa okulungile kwembewu ngenkathi ezayo. Isikhathi sokuqoqa imbewu ngo-Okthoba, ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa lifike. Amakhanda aphelile kufanele aqoke ngokucophelela futhi asomiswe, aqoqe imbewu, bese ebeka isitoreji, afakwe emasakeni esikhwameni. Ukuze ukhiqize, ungasebenzisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ezikhishwe ngokucophelela emhlabathini, ziphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate futhi zigcinwe endaweni epholile.
Dahlias - izifo zonyaka
Esikhathini lapho i-dahlias yonyaka iqhuma khona, ama-causative agents of various fungal diseases, ngaphansi kwethonya lazo izitshalo ezilahlekelwe ukukhononda kwangaphandle, noma ngisho nokufa, zibonakala zisebenza ngokuphawulekayo. Phakathi kokulimala, izisulu zazo ziyi-dahlias, i-grey, i-brown, i-white rot rot, i-fusarium wilt ne-leaf spot. Lapho kukhona isikhunta ehlukene, izifo ezifuywayo zicasulwa yizici ezifanayo: ukuqina okukhulu ngokwezitshalo, isimo sezulu esibandayo nesomanzi, i-nitrogen eyengeziwe emanzini.
Ukubhekana nale nkinga kungenza izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kuphela, kufaka phakathi ukususwa kusuka ensimini yezitshalo nokubhujiswa kwazo zonke izitshalo ezithintekayo, ngokuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwama-agent antifungal akhethekile (fungicides), isibonelo, i-phytosporin noma itshe lesisekelo. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, izikhathi zokutshala izihlahla kumele zigcinwe ngokucacile, izindawo ezivuthiwe futhi ezikhanyisiwe kufanele zikhethwe ukutshala futhi akufanele zikhange kakhulu ngokuchelela.
Ukunakekela ama-dahlias wonyaka
Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokunakekela ama-dahlias wonyaka, ukuze insimu yembali ingabhekwa njengokuziqhenya kwangempela. Ukwenza lokhu, susa njalo ukhula emhlabathini wombhede ukhula, ungakhohlwa ngezikhathi ezithile (ungapheli isikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-7) ukuphuza, ugcine izikhathi eziphakanyisiwe phakathi kwezihlahla futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ufeze. Ama-Dahlias ngonyaka, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okwenziwe ngokuvumelana nale mithetho elula ihluke kakhulu kubantu bakubo abakhulile abayingozi.
Yini ongayidla ama-dahlias wonyaka?
Lezi yizimbali ezinjengokuhlobisa ama-dahlias waminyaka yonke okutshala nokuzinakekela zivele zingenakwenzeka ngaphandle "encane" encane. Ukufaka umquba wokuqala kuqhutshwa esiteji sezithombo, cishe izinsuku ezingu-20 emva kokubamba amahlumela emhlabathini. Njengomanyolo wokuqala, isakhiwo esincane semaminerali esilungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ephezulu. Ama-Dahlias ngonyaka, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kuhambisane nokujwayelekile (njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20) ngokusebenzisa inani elincane lemifuno yezimila zezimbali, kungenzeka ukuthi bayakhula, basebenzise izihlahla futhi benze ama-inflorescences amakhulu.
Ukuthinta ama-dahlias wonyaka
Umbuzo oqondene nabo bonke abahlolisisi, abawenza izinyathelo zokuqala ekuzaliseni i-dahlias, indlela yokugcoba ama-dahlias ngonyaka, futhi kufanele sikwenze nhlobo? I-Prischipka stem ephakathi isiza ekwakheni isihlahla esiqhakazile futhi ivuselela izimbali eziningi ezinengi nangaphambili. Ukuthola izimbali ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ngaphandle kwe-prischipki stem iphinde isinconywe ukususa (ukukhipha) amafihledi engeziwe. Le nqubo ishukumisa lesi sitshalo ukuqondisa wonke amabutho nezakhi hhayi emaqabunga, kodwa zibe izimbali.
Ukutshala izihlahla zama-dahlias wonyaka
Njengezinye izitshalo eziqhakazayo, ukuguquka kokukhathazeka kusuka endaweni eya endaweni ka-dahlia kungokwesimo esibi kakhulu. Inketho ephephile yindlela yokufakelwa kabusha i-dahlias yonyaka - ukuyisa endaweni entsha yokuhlala kanye ne-clod of land. Emgodini wokufika, akuyona into engafanele ukwengeza isikhuni esincane, futhi emva kokutshala kakhulu. Yenza umsebenzi ongcono kakhulu esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni, esiphuzile.