I-Evergreen bush pepino (noma i-melon pear) ivela eNingizimu Melika. Igama layo alilona ngengozi. Izithelo zawo zifana ne-pear in shape, kodwa ukunambitheka njenge-melon. Ziqeda ngokuphelele ukoma kwazo futhi zivuselele. Izithelo zingadliwa eziluhlaza, zengeziwe kuma-saladi, zomisiwe, zifriziwe, zifakwe ekheniwe, ziphekwe izithelo ezifakiwe noma i-jam.
I-Melon Pear Pear
Abalimi abaningi bayazibuza mayelana ne-pepino - yikuphi lesi sitshalo, esiye savame kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva? Amasiko abhekisela emndenini waseSolanaceae, njengamatamatisi noma amazambane . Lesi sitshalo sihlahla esinamandla, esinamandla, esine-semi-arboreal shrub esinamamitha angu-1.5 ubude kanye nobukhulu be-5-7 mm. Kuphela, ikhule emhlabathini ovulekile noma ovaliwe.
Amathanga asePepin aqoqwe ku-inflorescences, afana namazambane. Izithelo zinomzimba ophuzi, ophuzi noma o-orange, inyama iboshwe ngesikhumba semivimbo emhlophe, imbewu ingaphakathi. Isithelo sinandi futhi sinomuncu ukunambitheka futhi sinomsoco kakhulu, sinokubude okungama-17 cm nesisindo sezingu-750 amagremu. Ngenkathi evela ehlathini kungenzeka ukuthi ususe kuze kufike ku-7 kg wezithelo, futhi ekulimeni ezimbizeni - 5 kg. Isithelo sinomsoco futhi siyigugu - sicebile ku-carotene, insimbi, i-pectin, amavithamini, i-iodine.
Amamaki we-Pepino
I-pear pear inezinhlobo ezimbili ezikhethekile ezikhulayo endaweni yesifunda sethu - u-Consuelo no-Ramses. Ziyaziwa phakathi kwabalimi, kusukela ngo-2000 zifakwe ngokusemthethweni kwiRejista Yombuso njengenhlangano ethembisa kakhulu. Izici zezinhlobo zasekhaya eziphambene ne-pearl:
- I-Pepino Ramses . Ukuvuna, ukuvuthwa kokuqala, ukumelana nezimo ezimbi ezingeni eliphezulu. Iziqu zakhe ziyakha, ziguquguquke, ziluhlaza okwenziwe nge-violet impregnations. Izithelo zinemibala ephuzi, cishe imichilo engaphenduki, i-orange pulp, isisindo sibe ngu-750 amagremu. Ngezinye izikhathi banambitheka kancane kancane, futhi ikhabe ibonakaliswa kancane.
- I-Pepino Consuelo . Futhi ukuvumela, kodwa ukumelana okuncane kunoma yiziphi izimo ezimbi, ukuvuthwa okungaphezulu kwesikhathi. Lesi sitshalo sinomlenze omncane we-lilac esingaba ngu-2 m ubude. Amahlamvu afana namacwecwe e-pepper. Izithelo zikaConuelo zimibalabala, zineziphuzo ezibomvu ngesizinda esiphuzi. Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo yizimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-pepino njengezithelo. It has ukunambitheka okumnandi futhi omuncu, efana ikhabe. Uma izithelo zivuthwa, ithambeka kakhulu kangangokuba ingadakwa njengejusi ngokusebenzisa utshani. Izithelo zincane kunalezo zeRamses, ubukhulu bazo bufinyelela amagremu angu-620.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-pepino?
I-exotic pepino kulula ukuyihlakulela ngosizo lwembewu noma i-cuttings. Nakuba kuyisiko sesikhathi eside, kuthatha izimpande njalo ngonyaka, njengoba kwenziwa ngotamatisi noma pepper. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ilanga nokufudumala, kusukela ekutshaleni izithombo kuze kuvunwe kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-4-5. Ukushisa okungcono kokuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo kwe-pepino, ukukhulela izithelo ezinjalo ekhaya ku-18-25 ° C. Lapho kushisa ngaphezu kuka-26 ° C, isithelo asikwazi ukubopha.
I-Pepino - ekhulayo evela kumbewu
Ukuze uthole umquba omdala we-pepino kusuka emakhaya ekhaya ngoMeyi, ukutshala kuqala ngoNovemba-Disemba. Imbewu ifafazwa kancane ngenhlabathi evulekile. Ukugcina umswakama, izithombo zihlanganiswa nefilimu. Izithombo zihlaselwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-7. Ngalesi sikhathi amahlumela adinga ukukhanya okuqhubekayo kwesibani. Esigabeni samaqabunga ama-2-3, izithombo zifakwe ezindebe, zijule ezigodini kanye nesembozo ngefilimu. I-backlight yanciphisa amahora angu-14 ngosuku, eduze nosuku kumile ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi sokufika emhlabathini ovulekile, amahlumela kumele afinyelele ku-10 cm ukuphakama kanye namafomu angu-8.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-pepino nge-cuttings
Khulisa futhi ukwandise i-melon pear nezinqola eziphephile. Unyaka ngamunye ukuze ukhule isithelo ngokwakho, udinga ukuba nesifo se-uterine shrub. Isitshalo esikhethiwe esifanele ekwindla sidluliselwa emgodini bese singeniswa endlini. Amahlumela anciphisa ngesithathu, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, amahlathi kufanele agcinwe ekushiseni kuka-8 ° C. Ekupheleni kwebusika, itangi lifakwa ekamelweni elinemibandela + engu-16 ° C, ikhula ngokunyuka.
Kulo mbuzo, lapho izihlungi ze-pepino, abalimi abanolwazi bephendula - phakathi no-February. Kusukela kuma-specimens abhalwe phansi, ingxenye ye-apical yehlumela enezingqimba ezingu-7 iyahlukaniswa. Ama-2 aphansi asusiwe, amahlumela afakwa emanzini, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-7, izimpande zihlaselwe kakhulu. Khona-ke ama-cuttings atshalwe ezinkomishi ezilahlayo nezimbobo zokususa amanzi, zinakekelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokungena ku-substrate.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Pepino
I-pear pear ikhulelwa endaweni yokushisa, emhlabathini ovulekile noma emabhodini enomthamo wama-5 amalitha. Esikhathini sokushisa okuvaliwe, izithombo zitshalwe phakathi kuka-Ephreli, lokhu kuzokuvumela ukutshala izimila zesitshalo futhi uthole isivuno sokuqala. Esikhathini esivinjelwe, kulula ukutshala isitshalo - lapho ungakwazi ukulungisa izinga lokushisa. Emiphakathini evulekile ye-melon ithwetshwe kamuva - ngo-Meyi, kanti ingozi yamaqhwa emvula ashaywa phansi. Lapho ebuzwa indlela yokukhulisa i-pepino ekhaya, i-dacha iyalethwa ukuba ithathe ibhubhe ngesihlahla emgodini ezinsukwini ezifudumele. Amasiko adinga umoya omusha nelanga.
Indlela yokutshala i-pepino?
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-substrate yehlumela kungcono ukusingatha isixazululo se-potassium permanganate. Ukufika nokufaneleka ukunakekelwa kwePepino:
- imigqa ilungiswa ngezikhathi phakathi kwabo ngo-70 cm;
- Umanyolo uyasetshenziswa: umquba 4 kg / m 2;
- Izithombo zitshalwe ngokuhlelekile ukuze kube khona igebe lika-50 cm emkhatsini wezihlahla;
- Izithombo ziyaswakanyiswa futhi zihlanganiswe nenhlabathi eyomile. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhuphuka komswakama, futhi kuthuthukisa izimo zokukhula kwamahlumela;
- okungcono ukufika kusihlwa.
I-melon tree of pepino - inhlabathi
Isihlahla se-melon pear sinomuzwa kahle emhlabathini nge-acidity neutral, i-aerated kahle. Umhlabathi kufanele ube ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen engaphezulu, okubangela ukukhula okuqinile kwesitshalo ngokwezindleko zokuzala. Izandulela phambili ze-pepino kuleli lizwe anyanisi, ikhukhamba, ubhontshisi , i-garlic. Emva kokuvuna isivuno esidala, umhlaba ugoba, ususe ukhula kanye nezinsalela zezimpande.
Ngekuwa, ukudla komquba kanye namaminerali ama-potash phosphorus asetshenziselwa kuwo. Entwasahlobo, umhlabathi ukhulula futhi ukugcina umswakama kuwo. Ukondla i-melon pear kwenziwa ngenyanga. Ukumiswa okuyisisekelo kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu-10-14 emva kokuduka, okwesibili - emva kokuba izithelo ziboshwe, njalo-njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Lesi sitshalo siphendula kahle kumquba (1: 7), noma imifino yezinyoni (1:20).
I-Pepino efasiteleni - ukuchelela
Uma sinquma ukuhlakulela i-pepino ekhaya, kungcono ukuyigcina ewindini elisefasiteleni eliseningizimu, njengoba lithanda kakhulu. Ukuphuza i-pearl pear evulekile noma ngaphakathi endlini kudingekile ngokulinganisela - akukhiphi amanzi okugcoba futhi kuyamangala kalula ngokubola kwempande. Hlanganisa inhlabathi zonke izinsuku ezimbalwa, awudingi ukuyivumela ukuthi iphele - ngesikhathi esifanayo izimpande ezincane ziyafa, kanti lesi sitshalo siphuca amahlamvu kanye ne-ovary. Amanzi e-Pepper athululelwa khona-ke, uma isobho sebumba somile kuze kube yi-1 cm ejulile. Ngokushintsha okungazelelwe kumswakama, izithelo zingaqedwa.
Lapho i-Pepino Consuelo ikhula?
Uyathokozisa ngezimbali ze-melon eliphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-70-85 emva kokuvela. Corollas on pepin kufana namazambane. Izimbali eziningi ziqoqwa ngamaqembu, kuze kube yizingcezu ezingu-20 ngamunye. Amacembe amapheshana amhlophe ne-lilac. Izithelo ziboshwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya kuMeyi. Lesi sitshalo sizenzele impova, kodwa kuhle ukusigubha ngobumnene ukubunjwa kwesithelo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. NgoJuni, emva kwezinsuku ziba isikhathi eside futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-ovary ayisasungulwa.
Uma uzibuza ukuthi kungani i-Pepino ingaqhakazi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi lesi siko sinothando lokushisa, kodwa sidinga i-microclimate ethile. Izimo ezifanele zokubunjwa kwe-ovary zingama-20-25 degrees. Kulula ukuwadala endaweni yokushisa. Uma unakekela isitshalo endaweni evulekile, kunezinkinga eziningi. Ihlobo elihle e-+30? C lesi sitshalo asiqhakazi noma kuso sakhiwa ama-corollas amhlophe angamahlumela amancane, aphuka kalula. Izithelo ziboshwe kuphela ngamaqabunga ngezimpawu ze-lilac.
Uma izimo zifanelekile, i-exot izojabula ngezithelo zamanzi ngoSepthemba. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwezimbali kuze kufike ukuvuthwa kwesithelo kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-2.5-3. Ngalesi sikhathi bathambekela, bathole umbala ophuzi ophuzi noma ukhilimu, ekhoneni kubonakala sengathi imivimbo ye-lilac ephawulekayo. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zicindezelwa kalula ngeminwe, ngisho nangaphezulu kunamatamatisi. Izithelo kufanele zisuswe esitshalweni ngesikhathi - i-pear encane engaphiliki kalula iphuma esiqandisini, lapho ingagcinwa khona izinyanga ezimbili.
Ngiqala nini ipapin?
Ukwamukelwa okuphoqelekile ekutshalweni kwe-pepino melon (ikhabe) - pasynkovanie kanye ne-tie up of the plant. Amasiko kakhulu ehlathini futhi enza izinqubo eziningi. Ama-stepsons asusiwe uma afinyelela ubude buka-3-5 cm. Esigabeni udinga ukushiya i-penechki encane (0.5-1 cm), okuvimbela ukubukeka kwamahlumela amasha ezitsheni zamagqabi afanayo. Isihlahla siyalulekwa ukuba siphakamise njalo - njalo ngesonto.
Emva kokutshala izitshalo, embhedeni udinga ukulungisa izisekelo (amapayipi, ukufakwa, izikhonkwane zokhuni) ngokuphakama okufika ku-80 cm. Njengoba izitshalo zikhula, ziboshelwe ku-trellises. Isitshalo esingaxazululwa ngaphandle kwe-pasynkovaniya ngaphansi kwethonya laso isisindo somzimba, sisakazeka emhlabathini, amagatsha awo athatha izimpande futhi angatheli izithelo. Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla kanye ne-tie-up kwenza isiko sisebenzise kahle amandla alanga amahle.
Izifo ze-pepino
I-Pepino iyathinteka yizifo kanye nezinambuzane ezibonakalayo zamatamatisi, ama-eggplant kanye ne-pepper. Izinkinga eziyinhloko zokulima:
- Izinambuzane eziyinhloko yi-aphid, i-whitefly, i-Colorado beetle. Kulezi zinhlobo zamakhemikhali ezibhekene nazo ziyasetshenziswa: izinambuzane (Actellik, Confidor, Fosbitsid) zokubhujiswa kwamhlophe kanye nama-aphid; I-Acaricides (i-Carbofos) kusuka ezilwaneni zesicabucabu.
- Hlanganisa i-melon pear kanye nokugula: ihlumela impango "emlenzeni omnyama", ukuze lokhu kungenzeki, i-substrate isandulele isisombululo se-manganese.
- Lapho inhlabathi ingaphezu kwamanzi, izimpande ezibola zibonakala ziqeda lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuchitha imithi ngenhlabathi nge-sulfate yethusi, esikhundleni somhlabathi ongenhla ngenhlabathi entsha, ukunciphisa ukuchelela.
- Engxenyeni yesibili yemifino, i-shrub ingashaya i-phytophthora. Yilwa ngosizo lwe-milk whey noma i-Fitosporin yezidakamizwa - iphuziswa kanye ngesonto.
- Lesi sitshalo sibhekene negciwane le-nightshade le-bronchitis: amaqabunga e-pepino ayomile, amapulethi athintekile abumnyama futhi aphikisayo. I-virus ayiphathwa, indlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwayo yikususwa kwesihlahla esithintekayo.
Azikho izidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo nezinambuzane ze-pepino, ngoba lezi zindlela ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda nezinye izitshalo ze-nightshade. Ukuze ungasebenzisi i-chemistry, ungenza ukumnika ugwayi, i-yarrow, i-garlic noma i-anyanisi we-anyanisi kanye ne-spray pepino kusuka ku-sprayer kanye ngesonto. Ngaphambi kokuba uthumele isibonisi somama ebusika, kufanele futhi isisele ngamakhambi okuzivikela.