Kunezikhombandlela ezahlukene zokuphelela okungokomoya kanye nokuhlupheka okubhekiswe kubo. Isetshenziselwa ukubhekana nezinkinga, ukudalula okungenzeka nokuziqonda kangcono. Kunemikhuba ehlukene esiza ukushintsha hhayi ngaphakathi kuphela, kepha futhi ngaphandle.
Kuyini ubuSulumane?
Isiqondiso esiyimfihlakalo e-Islam, eshumayela ukusondelana nokukhula ngokomoya, kuthiwa yiSusfism. It isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza umphefumulo kusuka okungalungile futhi ukuthola izimfanelo ezingokomqondo ezifanele. Ukukhathazeka - lokhu kuyisiqondiso esinzima sokuqonda, ngakho ngaphandle kokusizwa umeluleki ongokomoya (murshid) ezingeni lokuqala angakwazi ukwenza. Konke okuphikisana ne-Shariah akukwazi ukubhekwa njengokungabikho.
Philosophy of Sufism
Igama lalesi siqondiso ePheresiya lisho ukuthi ayikho umehluko phakathi komuntu nezwe elizungezile. I-Sufism yanamuhla isekelwe kwifilosofi evela ekuqaleni kwendalo.
- Ukuphila okwamanje, akudingeki ukhumbule okwedlule futhi ubuke esikhathini esizayo, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuqonda izikhathi futhi ungakhathazeki ngalokho okuzokwenzeka ehoreni noma ngosuku.
- I-Sufis ikhona kuyo yonke indawo futhi lapho umuntu esondelene kakhulu noNkulunkulu, lapho echitha khona futhi eba Yonke.
- Ukuzidla kuyadluliselwa enhliziyweni kuya enhliziyweni, njengento ethile yemilingo.
- UNkulunkulu akayena umuntu, futhi ukhona yonke indawo.
Psychology of Sufism
Ezigaba zokuqala zokwakhiwa kwalesi simo, enye yezimvo eziyinhloko kwakuwukuhlanzwa komphefumulo ngokusebenzisa umpofu nokuphenduka, ngakho-ke amaSufis ayefuna ukusondela oPhezulu. Izimiso zobuSulumane zisekelwe ekudalweni komuntu ophelele okhululekile ku-Ego yakhe, nokuhlanganiswa neqiniso likaNkulunkulu. Izikhombisi-ndlela ezisemqoka zalesi siko zisiza ekuthuthukiseni izwe elingokomoya , ukuqeda ukuxhomekeka kwenyama nokukhonza uNkulunkulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi izimiso zalokhu zamanje zithembele ezimfundisweni zeQuran futhi zilandele imibono yomprofethi Muhammad.
Ukuxoshwa kuka-Esoteric
Abantu abaye banquma ukuthatha indlela yokumazi uNkulunkulu akufanele bahole impilo yokuxoshwa nokuxolisa, ngoba iSufis ikholelwa ukuthi impilo yezwe iyithuba elingcono kakhulu lokufunda nokuguqula ngokwakho. Enhliziyweni yalokho okwamanje imelwe uthando lukaNkulunkulu, okubonakala njengamandla kuphela namandla angabangela uNkulunkulu. Ukuqagela kobuSulumane kuhlanganisa izigaba eziningana zokuqashelwa kwayo.
- Okokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kothando lomzwelo noluthando, kukho konke ukukhanya emhlabeni.
- Isigaba esilandelayo sihilela ukuhlinzeka ngomhlatshelo kubantu, okungukuthi, umuntu kumele ahlanganyele ekusizeni, esiza abantu ngaphandle kokufuna lutho ngokubuyisela.
- Kukhona ukuqonda ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona kukho konke, hhayi kuphela ezintweni ezinhle, kodwa nangezinto ezimbi. Kulesi sigaba, umuntu kufanele ayeke ukuhlukanisa umhlaba ube mnyama nomhlophe.
- Ekupheleni kokubunjwa kwalo, ubuSulumane obusabekayo bukhomba isiqondiso salo lonke uthando olukhona lukaNkulunkulu.
Ukukhathazeka - Izinzuzo Neziqholo
Kakade iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 enomqondo onjengokuthi "Ubumpofu" kunezingxabano eziningi ezixhunyiwe. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiqondiso esinjalo yihlelo futhi abantu abangena kuso basengozini. Ukuphikisa okuvelele kuye kwavela futhi ngenxa yokuthi lo mkhakha wenkolo uhlanganisa abaningi abangakholelwa kuNkulunkulu nabanama-charlatans abadukisa ulwazi. Iqiniso nge-Sufism yisihloko esithandayo ososayensi abaningi, okwaholela ekusungulweni kwezinkolelo eziningi nezincwadi. Isibonelo, kukhona incwadi eyaziwa kakhulu ethi "Iqiniso Ngokwemvelo", lapho umuntu angathola khona izimpendulo zemibuzo ebalulekile futhi afunde ngezinkolelo ezikhona.
Ungaqala kanjani ukutadisha ukuShushisa?
Ukuqonda okuyisisekelo salesi simo futhi uthole ulwazi lokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthola uthisha oyoba isixhumanisi. Ungabizwa njengomholi, idili, i-murshid noma i-arif. Ukukhathazeka kwabasha (abalandeli) kubiza i-Murid. Esinye sezigaba ezibalulekile ukunyamalala enkosini, okusho ukuphelela kokuzinikela. Ngenxa yalokho, umfundi uthola ukuthi kukho konke okuzungezile ubona umeluleki wakhe kuphela.
Esikhathini sokuqala, uthisha unikeza imingcele ehlukahlukene yokuthuthukisa ukuhlushwa, ukumisa imicabango nokunye. Ukuthola ukuthi uzoqala kuphi u-Sufism, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekuziphatheni komuntu ngamunye omusha. Ezifundeni ezihlukene, inani lezigaba zokungena enkolweni lihlukile, kodwa phakathi kwazo kukhona ezine eziyinhloko:
- Sharia . Kusho ukugcwaliseka ngokoqobo kwemithetho echazwe Quran naseSunnah.
- I-Tarikat . Isiteji sisekelwe ekuqaliseni izigaba eziningana, okuthiwa maqam. Okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa: ukuphenduka, ukubekezela, ukubekezela, ububha, ukubekezela, ukwethemba kuNkulunkulu nokulalela. U-Tariqat usebenzisa indlela yokucabanga ngokufa nokusebenza okukhulu kwengqondo. Ekuphetheni, u-Murid uhlangabezana nesifiso esingenakulinganiswa nesifiso sokuzuza ubunye noNkulunkulu.
- U-Marefat . Kukhona ukuqeqeshwa nokuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe kolwazi nothando ngoNkulunkulu. Njengoba sesifikile ngalesi sigaba, i-Sufi isiyayiqonda kakade ukubaluleka kwesikhala, ukungabaluleki kwamanani wezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuxhumana noMninimandla onke.
- Khakikat . Isiteji esiphezulu sokukhuphuka okungokomoya, lapho umuntu ekhulekela uNkulunkulu, njengokungathi ukhona phambi kwakhe. Kukhona ukugxila ekubhekeni nasekuboneni uMdali.
Imikhuba ye-Sufi yabesifazane nabesifazane
Amasu asetshenziswe eSusfism, original kanye original, anike ithuba lokuhlanza nokuvula inhliziyo, ukuzizwa injabulo yokuxhumana nezwe, uNkulunkulu nami. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu uthola ukuthula, ukuzethemba nokuvumelana. Imikhuba ye-Sufi yamandla wesifazane iyadala, futhi kunconywa ukuba uyenze ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komeluleki onolwazi, ngoba kudingeka ukwazi futhi uqonde ukuthi uqobo luni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izenzo ezithile kufanele zithathwe ngesikhathi esithile.
Ukuzindla, ukuhamba komzimba okuhlukene, ukuphefumula , konke lokhu kusiza ukuba ngcono, ukuqeda isisindo esiningi nokungabi nandaba. Imikhuba ye-Sufi imelela izinhlelo eziphelele, ngakho ukwenza umzimba omncane ngeke kube ngokwanele. Kubalulekile ukucabangela imingcele yobudala. Imikhuba yasendulo ye-Sufi ingagcini nje amandla kaNkulunkulu, kodwa futhi ifundisa umuntu ukuba ayisebenzise ngokuzimela.
Imikhuba ye-Sufi ye-Dashi
Umnqobi wenkathi yemidlalo edumile "I-Battle of psychics" I-Swami Dashi yenza imikhuba yobuSwidi. Uqhuba ama-seminar ahlukahlukene, lapho esiza khona abantu ukuba balahle izinto ezimbi futhi bashintshe izimpilo zabo . Usekela umkhuba wakhe ngokuzwakala, ukuphefumula nokunyakaza. Izenzo ze-Sufi zanikezwa ukuba zisize ukususa amabhulogi ngokomzwelo, engqondweni nangokomzimba. Yaziwa ezinye izenzo ezisetshenziswa uDashi:
- Ukuzindla okunamandla. Ukunyakaza okusebenzayo nokunamandla okukhulu kusiza ekufinyeleleni ukuphumula nokubumbana komphefumulo, umzimba nomoya.
- Imibuthano ye-Sufi kanye nama-dhikrs asetshenziselwa ukungena esithombeni.
- Ukuhamba ngokucophelela nokuzindla nokusebenza kule ndawo kusiza ukuhamba ngaphezu kwalokho.
Umkhuba we-Sufi we-dhikr
Ukuphindaphindiwe kaningi kombhalo ongcwele, ukuzindla okujulile kubizwa ngokuthi zikra. Lo mkhuba unezici zawo siqu futhi usebenzise ukunyakaza okuhlukile kuwo: ukuhlelwa komkhuleko, ukujikeleza, ukuguqula, ukudlidliza njalonjalo. Isisekelo se-dhikr yi-Quran. I-Sufi energy practice iyakusiza ukubhekana nesimo esibi futhi uthole imali enhle. Inqubo yokuphefumula , ukucula nokuthula kuyasetshenziswa. Izinguquko kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-dhikr kuhlukile ngokuya kobuzalwane noma umyalelo lapho bebanjwe khona. Ngamaqembu, i-dhikr yenziwa kanje:
- Abahlanganyeli baba noma bahlala embuthanweni.
- Inhloko inikeza ukuhlela okuzindla.
- Ngokweziqondiso zakhe, bonke benza izivivinyo ezithile, ezithatha indawo eyodwa emva komunye. Ziyizinyathelo zomzimba ezihamba ngendlela esheshayo.
- Ngalesi sikhathi, abahlanganyeli benza imibuzo yokuthandaza.
Ama-Sufi Dances
Omunye wemikhuba eyaziwa kakhulu yobuSulumane udansa nge skirt, esiza ukuza kuNkulunkulu. Zenziwa ngama-dervishes ezihambisana nezigubhu nemigubhu. Izambatho, zibeke ndawonye, ​​zisebenzise isimiso se-mandala futhi ngesikhathi sokuvula ukuqina ziqinisa umthelela wamandla ekudleni abantu nasekubukeni. Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi ekusebenzeni komdanso, i-monk kumele ibe nokuphila okuqinile iminyaka emithathu bese isendaweni yezindela. Izindlela ezinjalo ze-Sufi zingenziwa ngokuzimela, kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukuzungeza amehlo akho evulekile. Kunezici zemikhuba enjalo.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-whirling, umgogodla wenza ukotini nezinyawo ngezinyawo zakhe, okudingekile ukuba zisabise iShaytaan.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu umnsalo, kanye nokufaka isandla esifubeni, okuyinto eyamukelekile.
- Phakathi kwabo bonke abadansi kunezinkinga eziyinhloko, ezifanekisela i-Sun.
- Ngesikhathi sokudansa, isandla esisodwa kumele sikhuliswe, kanti enye kufanele isinciphise. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlangene neCosmos nomhlaba.
- Ukuhlunga kwenzeka isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokuthi i-dervishes ingena emgodini, ngaleyo ndlela ixhuma noNkulunkulu.
- Ngesikhathi sokudansa ama-dervishes akhombisa isimo sabo sengqondo ekuphileni.
Izindlela zeSufi zokulahlekelwa isisindo
Abathandanayo bemikhuba yenkolo ekhonjisiwe bathi zonke izinkinga zabantu, njengokugula noma isisindo esiningi, zihlotshaniswa nemizwelo emibi nokungaqondi kahle injongo yabo empilweni. Imikhuba ye-Sufi yabesifazane, kuhlanganise nokuzivocavoca okuhlukene, ifundisa ukulawula amandla abalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwamanje kusifundisa indlela yokudla kahle, ucabange futhi senze. Ukubhekana nokunciphisa ngokweqile njengomphumela wokuhlanza umphefumulo wakho futhi ube endleleni efanele. Zonke izizindlo, imikhuba yokuphefumula yase-Sufi, ukudansa nezinye izinketho kuyoba kufaneleka ukulahlekelwa isisindo.
Ukushushisa nobuKristu
Abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi isonto lihlobene kanjani nemikhuba enkolo enjalo. Ayikho into efana ne-Christian Sufism, kepha kunezinto ezifanayo phakathi kwalezi zici, isibonelo, umqondo wokuhlanza umphefumulo ngomkhuba wokuphenduka kanye nobukhulu bezinto ezingokomoya. Isonto liphikisa ukuthi ubuKrestu abukeli iqiniso, njengemikhuba yamaqaba noma imiraro yezenkolo, ngakho-ke ekuboneni kwabo, imikhuba kaSufi evela kuDeveli futhi ayisebenzise ayikwazi.