I-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe iyisici esibucayi esibonakalayo, lapho kokubili i- hyperopia ne-myopia zigcinwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwelinye iso, isb. izinhlobo ezimbili zokwephulwa kwesibambiso zihlanganisiwe. Kule ndaba, akukho ukugxila okukodwa kwemisebe ku-retina, futhi isithombe esweni isobala kabili: phambi kwe-retina futhi ngemuva kwe-retina. Ngakho-ke, umbono ubonakele kakhulu. Kubantu abahlukunyezwa le-pathology, i-cornea yeso ihlelwe kancane noma, ngokuphambene, i-concave. I-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe ingaba yimibili kokubili, futhi kuphela kwenye yazo.
Izimbangela ze-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe
Iningi lamacala e-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe ahlobene nokuzalwa. Futhi, ukukhubazeka kungenziwa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kweso noma ngemva kokulimala kweso, okuholela ekunqandeni i-cornea. Ezinye izimbangela zesici esinjalo esibukwayo zingase zibe izinguquko ezihlukahlukene ku-cornea ezibangelwa izifo (isibonelo, i-keratonus).
Izimpawu ze-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe
Ngesimo esiyinhloko sesifo, ukubonakaliswa kwayo sekuveziwe kakade ebuntwaneni. Ubuciko obubonakalayo ne-astigmatism exubekile buphansi, zonke izinto ezikhonjisiwe ziphikisiwe: zilahlekelwa ukucaca kwazo, zihlukumezeka, futhi ubukhulu bazo kanye nebanga kubo ziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezine-astigmatism ezixubekile zithola ukukhathala okukhulu kweso, ikakhulukazi uma kusebenza, okudinga ukunakekelwa njalo kanye nombono wombono. Ngokuvamile banenhloko yesimo se-paroxysmal.
Indlela yokuphatha i-astigmatism exubile?
Ukuze kuhlolwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmologic kusetshenziswa amathebula nama-lens cylindrical ukuze kutholakale umehluko ekuvuneni kwe-cornea. Ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha nakho kwenziwa. Emva kwalokho, amaqhinga wokwelashwa akhethwa.
Ngenhlanhla, ngisho ne-astigmatism exutshwe namuhla iyakwazi ukulungiswa nokuphathwa kahle. Isikhalo esifanele ngesikhathi kudokotela enezimpawu ze-pathology ivumela ukugwema izinkinga (i- strabismus , ukwehla okubukhali embonweni).
Izindlela zokwelapha ezigciniwe zokwelashwa kwe-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe zihlanganisa ukukhethwa kokuboniswa kombono kusho: izibuko ezinjenge-ortigmatic noma amalensi okuxhumana, okuzovumela ukulungisa umehluko emandleni okukhanya ama-meridians amabili abalulekile esweni. Ezingilazi nge-astigmatism exubene, kusetshenziswe ingilazi yezibuko ezinama-cylindrical and spherical. Amalensi okuxhumana, okungaba nzima noma athambile, abe nesimo sokuhlunga. Ama-lensi amancane anamuhla avumela ukuba uwagqoke isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuzwa noma yikuphi ukunganaki.
Noma kunjalo, ama-lens noma izibuko azikuvumeli ukuba uqede ngokuphelele le nkinga, kodwa ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise amehlo akho ngenkathi uwagqoke. Ukulungisa isimo kungenzeka kuphela ngokuhlinzwa okuhlinzekwayo. Kungabhalwa ezimweni lapho isiguli singenayo i-retinal pathologies, azikho izibazi ezibhekene ne-eyeball noma ezinye izifo ze-ophthalmic.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelapha eziyinhloko ze-astigmatism ehlanganisiwe:
- I-astigmatic keratotomy - le ndlela ihilela ukucubungula okuncane ezinhlobonhlobo zeso ezindaweni ezithile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukushintsha ukuvinjelwa kwe-cornea eplanini elifunayo (eduze kwe-axis yezinto ezifakiwe). Kodwa ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kunamaningi
ukwehluleka, okuyinhloko - isikhathi eside sokubuyisa emva kwesikhathi, ukusebenza kahle. - Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser (i-laser keratomileus) indlela yanamuhla futhi ephumelelayo. Kuhilela umthelela wesibhamu se-laser ezindaweni ezithile zezicubu emgqeni wangaphakathi we-cornea ngemva kokusika okukhethekile okwenziwa ngaphambilini ngedivayisi ekhethekile. Ngakho-ke, i-cornea inikezwa ukuma okubushelelezi njalo ngemingcele ethile, evumela ukuthi umuntu akhulise amandla okukhanya kweso kwelinye i-meridian futhi alinciphise kwelinye.