Amaphilisi okukhulelwa - okungcono ukukhetha nokuthi ungayiphuza kanjani?

Amalungiselelo aqukethe ama-hormones obulili obuyingxenye yendlela yezindlela zokubeletha eziphumelela nakakhulu zanamuhla kwabesifazane. Ukusebenza kwezimali ezivela ekukhusheni okungafuneki, uma kusetshenziswe kahle, kufinyelela ku-99-100%. Ukuphumelela kwemithi enjalo kuxhomeke ekuqineni kokuzikhethela kwabo.

Izinkinga zokuvimbela abesifazane - izinhlobo zamathebulethi

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezidakamizwa ezicutshangwayo, ngasinye esinezici zayo. Izinhlobo zokukhulelwa komlomo:

1. I-Progestin (i-mini-ingwa). Ukuphumelela - cishe ngo-95-96%, kubonakala ukuphepha okuphezulu.
2. Ihlangene (i-COC). Ukusebenza - kuze kufinyelele ku-100%, kunokuphikisana, ngezinye izikhathi kubangela imiphumela emibi emibi.

Amasi-mini

Amaphilisi okubeletha kuleli qembu aqukethe amanani amancane we-progestin ehlanzekile (progesagen), okuyisithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi ye-hormone ye-hormone progesterone (eyenziwa ngama-ovari). Ukukhulelwa komlomo nge-minipill kunqunyelwe abesifazane abangavunyelwe ukuthatha ama-COC ajwayelekile. Izidakamizwa ze-Progestin zenza umzimba onamandla, kodwa zivikele nakakhulu ukukhulelwa okungadingeki.

Ukuhlanganiswa kokubeletha komlomo

Uhlobo lwemithi echazwe luhlanganisa kokubili i-progesterone yokwenziwa kanye nesifanane se-estrogen. Amaphilisi anjalo okuvimbela ukuvimbela imithi angaba yodwa, isigaba sesibili nesithathu, kuye ngesilinganiso se-hormone. Ama-COC asebenza ngokusebenza kahle, afinyelele ku-100%, kodwa awafanelekile kubo bonke abesifazane. Kuyingozi ukuzikhethela ngokuzimela, ukukhulelwa komlomo kweqembu elihlangene ngokwemvelo kunqunywe umjozi wezifo zokwelapha.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha asebenza kanjani?

Indlela yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa kwe-mini-second ne-COC ihlukile. Imigomo eyisisekelo echaza indlela iphilisi lokukhulelwa elisebenza ngayo i-progestin ehlanzekile:

1. Ukugxila kwe-mucus emlonyeni wesibeletho. Lokhu kuvimbela ukudlula kwesidoda kuqanda.
2. Ukushintsha i-mucosa (ukuguqulwa kweglandular) ekwakheni isibeletho. Ngisho noma i-spermatozoon ikwazi "ukuphulula" futhi ifaka iqanda, ayikwazi ukuzihlanganisa.
3. Ukwehliswa kwe-peristalsis yama-tubespial tubes. Ngokuvamile, leli qanda lifa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, ngaphambi kokuba lifike emkhathini.

Amaphilisi okubeletha ohlobo oluhlangene akhiqiza imiphumela efanayo, kodwa anemiphumela eyengeziwe:

• Misa ukukhululwa kwe-homlicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone emgodini we-pituitary;
• ukuvimbela imisebenzi yama-ovari;
• ukuvimbela ukuqala kwe- ovulation .

Amaphilisi okukhulelwa - yikuphi okumele ngikhethe?

Ukuqokwa kwemithi yokwelapha ngomlomo kwenziwa ngumgogodla wezifo ezifanelekayo. Udokotela onolwazi kuphela onganquma ukuthi amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha - okungcono kakhulu kowesifazane othile, kunqunywe ngesisekelo sezinqubo zokuthi:

• iminyaka;
• isizinda se-hormonal;
• Uhlobo lomthethosisekelo-uhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo (ukukhula, ubude besikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ubunzima bezimpawu zokuziphatha ngokocansi kanye nezinye izici);
• imikhuba emibi;
• ukuzalwa kwangaphambili noma ukukhipha isisu;
• ukuhlunga ushukela egazini;
• ukutholakala kwezifo zesimiso sokuzala kanye ne-endocrine pathologies;
• Izinga legazi;
• isisindo somzimba;
• isimo sesikhumba;
• ubuningi bokubukwa;
• umsebenzi wesibindi;
• Umsebenzi we-system coagulation;
• ukutholakala kwama-neoplasms ezingxenyeni ze-pelvis encane kanye nezinhlayiya ze-mammary;
• umsebenzi wezocansi.

Iningi labesifazane kufanelekile amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa. Uma ukuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwabo kutholakala, udokotela uzakutusa ukukhetha enye indlela yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa, isibonelo, imishini (ikhondomu, idivayisi yangaphakathi), noma ukusebenzisa i-mini-second:

• Okumangalisayo;
• Charozette;
• I-Ovret;
• Continulin;
• I-Organometr ne-analogues.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa emva kwesenzo

Leli qembu lemithi linikezwe emacaleni angasese, lapho kubalulekile ukuphazamisa ukukhulelwa okulindelwe ngokuphuthumayo. Lezi philisi zokukhulelwa zithathwa ngemuva kokusondelana (ngokushesha). Ekuqaleni ukusetshenziswa kwezinkinga zokukhulelwa eziphuthumayo sekuqale, ukusebenza okusebenzayo kuzoba ukusetshenziswa kwazo. Bathukuthelisa ukufa kweqanda elivundisiwe (amakhemikhali "okukhipha isisu").

I-Postinor engasasebenzi ifanele yamukelwe kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-2 emva kokulala okungavunyelwe, futhi kungcono - emahoreni ambalwa okuqala. Izidakamizwa zanamuhla zisebenza kangcono futhi ziphephile, kodwa ziphumelela kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uphuze amaphilisi okuvimbela ukwelashwa emva kwesenzo phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4:

• Umfazi;
• NorLevo;
• Escapel;
• Mifegin;
• ElEva kanye nezifaniso.

I-COPs ye-Monophase

Leli fomu lamaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa liqukethe isilinganiso esivamile se-progestogen ne-estrogen kuphilisi ngalinye. Umthamo wamahomoni athathwe awushintshi kuye ngokuthi kunesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Izinzuzo zohlobo lokukhulelwa okukhulunywe ngaye ziyi:

• izindleko ezingabizi;
• i-universeality;
• ngesisekelo seminyaka eminingi yokuhlangenwe nakho.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha okuhle kakhulu avela eqenjini lama-COC-single-phase avame uklanyelwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinzima zesisu:

• i-fibroids ye-uterine ;
• ama-ovaries we-polycystic ;
• endometriosis nezinye izifo.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa kokuzalwa okukodwa - izihloko:

• Kuhamba;
• UJanine;
• Ukuthula;
• I-Femoden;
• Anova and analogues.

Ama-COC amabili wesigaba

Lolu hlobo lwamakhemikhali ekhemisi lwaklanyelwe ukulinganisa inani lemikhomoni yokwenziwa ethathwe ekushintsheni komzimba emzimbeni wesifazane ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Emaphilisi okukhulelwa ahlongozwayo, kuphela ukuhlushwa kwe-estrogen kungashintshi. Umthamo we progesterone uhlukile kwesigamu sokuqala nesesibili somjikelezo.

Iyiphi ipilisi yokuvimbela imithi evela eqenjini lezigaba ezimbili enqunywe amazinyo:

• Femoston;
• Sequilar;
• I-Neo-Eunomine;
• I-Adepal;
• Bifazil nabanye.

Ama-COC amathathu wesigaba

Ephaketheni ngalinye lamalungiselelo anjalo yizinhlobo ezintathu zamathebulethi aqukethe ama-hormone ahlukene. Izigaba ezintathu ze-COC zesitshalo sakamuva zikhiqizwa ngesilinganiso se progesterone ne-estrogen ehambelana nokushintsha kwawo kwemvelo ngezikhathi ezithile zomjikelezo wesimiso (follicular, luteal, ovulation). Indlela ehlinzekwayo yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ingakwazi ukubhekwa njengempumelelo kunezinguqulo zangaphambilini. Abanye besifazane bafaneleke kakhulu kuma-mono- noma ama-biphasic agents.

Yiziphi amaphilisi okukhulelwa okufanele athathwe (kusukela eqenjini elichazwe):

• IMilvanes;
• I-Three-Mercy;
• I-Three-Regol;
• Marvelon;
• I-Trisilete ne-analogues.

Indlela yokuphuza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?

Zonke izisu zokubeletha zomlomo zisetshenziswa cishe ngokufanayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukutholakala kwamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kuhambisana neziyalezo kubo kanye nezincomo zomgogodla. Imithetho eyisisekelo:

1. Iphilisi lokuqala lithathwa ngosuku lokuqala lokuqala komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
2. Amaphilisi okukhulelwa kufanele adakwe nsuku zonke. Ukuze ungakhohlwa ngakho, kungcono ukugcina iphakethe endaweni lapho owesifazane ejwayele ukuzwakalisa - isikhwama sezimonyo, ihabhinethi endlini yokugezela, eduze kwesibuko.
3. Ngolunye usuku thatha iphilisi eli-1, okungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi.
4. Lapho amaphilisi e-blister esephelile (inombolo yawo yizicucu ezingu-21-28), thatha ikhefu izinsuku ezingu-7. Phakathi nalesi sonto, kuzoba khona ukuphuma kwegazi, njengokuya esikhathini. Okungafani nemini encane, kufanele badakwe ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

1. Ekupheleni kwezinsuku ezingu-7, qalisa ukusetshenziswa kokukhulelwa.
2. Uma ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha iphilisi, ukuhlanza kwenzeka, udinga ukuphuza enye. Kungakapheli amahora angu-24 kubalulekile ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho kuvikelwe ikhondomu .
3. Uma kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa iphilisi, kuphakanyiswa ukuthatha ithebulethi elandelayo kancane kancane. Ukuphazamisa umthamo kuleso simo akunakwenzeka, kuphela ukuvinjelwa kwemithi yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa kunconywa.
4. Uma usebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa ze-hormonal ngokufanayo, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela.

Amaphilisi okukhulelwa - imiphumela emibi

Zonke izinto ezihamba phambili ezingekho embi zihlukaniswe ngokomzimba zibe amaqembu amabili - amancane futhi angathí sina. Amaphilisi okubeletha ama-hormonal enza okulandelayo imiphumela emibi emibi:

• isicasuli;
• ukuwohloka kwesifiso;
• ikhanda;
• isinciphiso sesifiso socansi;
• ukuphuma egazini phakathi kokuya esikhathini;
• inzuzo yesisindo;
• isiyezi;
• ukuvuvukala emaphethelweni aphansi;
• flatulence;
• i-chloasma;
• iqhuma esikhumbeni;
• ukukhukhumeza nokufutheka kwamabele;
• ukuqeda ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini;
• ukwanda kwezinwele emzimbeni;
• i- thrush evamile;
• izithombe ze-photosensitivity.

Ngezinye izikhathi amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha aholela emiphumeleni eyingozi:

• i-hemicranium;
• i-migraine;
• ukuphelelwa amandla;
• ukuwa kwezindawo ezisuka enkundleni yokubuka, ukuwohloka kokubukeka kwayo;
• i-glaucoma;
• i-urticaria;
• kunzima ukukhuluma;
• izinkinga ngesimiso sokuphefumula (ukukhwehlela okumanzi, ukuxilongwa kwe-sputum enamaqabunga amancane, ukuqhuma);
• ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni;
• Ukucindezeleka kwegazi kuqhuma;
• i-thromboses;
• i-varicose veins;
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;
• i-myalgia;
• i-jaundice;
• ukukhula kwama-cysts kuma-ovari;
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze emanzini ethole.

Amaphilisi okukhulelwa - ukuphikisana

Abanye besifazane bavinjelwe ngokuqinile ukusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha ngomlomo. Endabeni ye-COC, akunakwenzeka ukuphuza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha nge-HB (lactation), ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nezinyanga eziyi-1.5 emva kokubeletha. Okunye okungahambisani nemithi ehlanganisiwe:

• isifo sofuba;
• isifo sesibindi;
• i-herpes;
• Ukubhema, ikakhulukazi eneminyaka engama-35 nangaphezulu;
• i-migraine yemvelo engaziwa;
• izifo zenhliziyo;
• ukuphuma egazini lomzimba;
• ukulimala kwezinso;
• isifo sofuba esingaba ngu-2-3 degrees;
• ukungahambi isikhathi eside;
• umdlavuza;
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (okungaphezu kwama-30% okujwayelekile);
• isifo sikashukela mellitus;
• isifo se-blood coagulation system;
• i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
• i-thyrotoxicosis;
• i-asthma ye-bronchial;
• Isifo sikaGilbert sika;
• i-pigment retinitis nabanye.

Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphuza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha nge-progestin ehlanzekile ngesikhathi se-lactation, odokotela basabela kahle. Amaphilisi amancane ayinamthelela ebisi futhi ngokuvamile anezinqinamba ezimbalwa:

• ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ku-anamnesis;
• i-oncology;
• isifo sesibindi esinzima;
• ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi;
• ukuphuma kwegazi okwesisu.

Ukukhansela amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa

Odokotela abaqhubekayo bangakwazi ukunikeza izisu zokubeletha ngomlomo isikhathi eside kakhulu, kubalwa eminyakeni namashumi eminyaka. Sekuyisikhathi eside, uhlelo lokuzala luvumelana nokudla kwama-hormone ngaphandle, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokukhansela kwabo, kungase kube nokushintshashintsha kwemizwa, ukungaqiniseki komjikelezo, ubuhlungu obuphansi besisu kanye nezinye izimpawu. Azibangelwa amaphilisi okuvimbela abesifazane, kodwa ngokubuya komzimba ekusebenzeni kwemvelo nokulungiselela ukukhulelwa. Uma isizinda se-hormonal sigxilile, izimpawu ezinjalo zizophela zodwa.