I-anesthetics ibheke uhlu lwemithi egcinwe kwikhabhinethi ngayinye yemithi ekhaya. Namuhla, iningi lazo lidayiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, ngakho-ke kaningi kakhulu kukhona ukulashwa okungalawulwa futhi okungalungile kwemizwa yobuhlungu, engabangela imiphumela embi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sobuhlungu sisisignali kuphela mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, nje ukumisa ubuhlungu, akunakwenzeka ukukhipha imbangela ye-pathology, futhi kungase kusheshe kubonakale.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithi yobuhlungu
Izidakamizwa ze-anesthetic ziyahlukahluka ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nendlela yokusebenza. Zingakhishwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, zibe nesenzo sendawo nesistimu:
- amaphilisi;
- ama-capsules;
- amakhandlela;
- izixazululo zamajojo;
- amafutha;
- ama-gel, njll
Ngokwemvelo yamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zezokwelapha, ukuhlunga ubuhlungu buhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili.
Izidakamizwa ezidakayo
Imithi, isenzo sayo esihlotshaniswa nokuvimbela izingxenye ezithile zesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi. Ngokusemthethweni, lemithi yokuhlunguphazwa isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngokulimala okukhulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungenakubekezeleka. Ngokuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwemiqondo ebuchosheni kanye nentambo yomgogodla, futhi basiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka.
Naphezu kokuthi izidakamizwa zaleli qembu zibhekana ngokuphumelelayo nobuhlungu, zisetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi futhi ziqaphe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izidakamizwa ezinjalo zidala ngokushesha ukubheja, ukuthembela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, futhi kuholela eminye imiphumela emibi eminingi. Ama-analgesics anamandla ahlukaniswe abe:
1. Izikhuthazo ze-opioid receptors:
- i-morphine;
- fentanyl;
- promedol).
2. Ama-Agonist-abaphikisi bama-receptors opioid:
- i-butorphanol;
- buprenorphine;
- i-pentazocine;
- nalbufin.
I-analgesics engezona-narcotic
Lezi yizona zindlela, eziphumelelayo ekuzweleni okubuhlungu kokumaphakathi nokuqina okubuthakathaka. Lezi zimali aziba nomthelela omkhulu ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi, ungashintshi isizinda sangokomzwelo, ungabangeli umlutha. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obunjalo kubhekwa njengokuphephile. Zihlukaniswe zibe:
- Izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa - zinomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala, umphumela we-analgesic, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa komzimba.
- Ama-analgesics-antipyretics - anemiphumela yokulwa ne-antipyretic ne-analgesic.
Ama-analgesics angenawo-narcotic afaka amalungiselelo asekelwe:
- izidakamizwa ze-salicylic acid (salicylate ye-sodium, i-acetylsalicylic acid);
- izidakamizwa ze-aniline (paracetamol, phenacetin);
- i-anthranilic acid derivatives (fluphenamic acid, mefenamic acid);
- izidakamizwa zama-alkanoic acid (ibuprofen, i-diclofenac sodium, i-flurbiprofen);
- izidakamizwa ze pyrazolone (analgin, amidopyrine, butadione), njll.
Anesthetics ngezinyosi
Ama-painkillers kufanele athathwe ngezinyosi eziphuthumayo , uma kungekho ndlela yokubonisana nodokotela ngokushesha. Cabanga ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi azofakaza kakhulu kulokhu:
1. Amalungiselelo asekelwe e-acetylsalicylic acid - le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela uma kwenzeka izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla:
- Asphen;
- Acelesin;
- I-Citramon.
2. Izindlela ezisuselwe ku-nimesulide - izikhali eziphuthumayo ngokwanele futhi ezisheshayo:
- I-Actasulide;
- I-Nimesil;
- Nyz.
3. Izidakamizwa ezisekelwe ku-Ketorolac ziyizidakamizwa eziphumelelayo okufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela uma ubuhlungu obukhulu obukhulu, bekhathalela:
- Ketanov;
- Ketorol;
- Ketalgin.
Anesthetics for osteochondrosis
Ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo kwe-osteochondrosis ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu. Njengomthetho, lezi zilungiswa ngezinto ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo:
- i-diclofenac sodium;
- i-piroxicam;
- ibuprofen;
- i-nimesulide;
- ketoprofen nabanye.
Ezimweni ezinzima, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezibhekwe kanye nezinjojo eziboniswayo, kuboniswa, kuma-agent angaphandle - angaphandle (amafutha, ama-gel, ama-creams).