Ukuzalwa okwenzeka ngaphambi kweviki lama-37 yokukhulelwa kubhekwa kungakapheli, futhi ezimweni ezinjalo usizo olukhethekile luyadingeka, kokubili umntwana kanye nonina. Ukusinda kwezinsana ezingakazalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngezikhathi ezihlukene kuncike ekuhlinzekeni kokunakekelwa okwesikhashana kanye nokudala izimo ezifanele zokuhlengikaza nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Izingane zifakwa ku-kuvez, lapho kudingeke khona ukushisa okudingekayo kanye nomswakama, ukondla kwenziwa nge-probe. Ukuze ulondoloze umntwana, ngengozi yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, odokotela bangabekwa ukwelashwa okubekiwe ukuze baqhubeke nokukhulelwa noma ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamapayipi wengane ukuze ukwazi ukuzivumelanisa emvelweni we-extrauterine. Indima enkulu ekuqokeni ukwelashwa nokulondolozwa kokukhulelwa ukutholakala kwesikhathi okungajwayelekile noma ukuphazamiseka okungaholela ekukhulelweni kwesisu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?
Izimbangela zokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa zibangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi, eziphilayo kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezithinta inkambo yokukhulelwa nokuthuthukiswa komntwana. Iqiniso elicindezelayo, ukungondleki, izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile nemikhuba emibi kungathinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus kuyaziwa kubo bonke. Kodwa zikhona izimbangela ezifihliwe zokukhulelwa kwesisu, njengokushintsha kwesifo esibelethweni, izifo ezibangelwa yi-hormonal, izifo ezingapheli, ezingelashwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhulelwa. Ukubambisana kungabangela ukwanda kwamadonga esibeletho, okuvame ukubiza abasebenzi ngaphambi kosuku olufanele. Isibonelo, kuvame ukuphawula ukuqala kokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha kwamawele noma kathathu. Isithelo esikhulu kakhulu singabangela nokukhulelwa kwesisu.
Ukuqala kwezidingo kungaqala nini?
Kusukela kulezi zici ezingenhla, isikhathi sokuqala komsebenzi kanye nentuthuko eyalandela yengane nayo incike.
Ukubeletha ngaphambi kokuzalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-20 kuya ku-22 kuya kubhekwa njengokungahambi kahle komzimba, izinga lokusinda kwezinsana liphansi kakhulu. Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukuthi i-pathologies yentuthuko yesisu, izifo ezithathelwanayo noma izinkinga.
Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala kusukela emavikini angu-22 kungenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, futhi lapho kungekho khona i-pathologies yentuthuko yesisu noma isongo empilweni yomama, odokotela bangazama ukukhulelwa isikhathi eside.
Isizathu sokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuze kube amasonto angama-24-27 ngokuvamile kuvame ukutholakala kwesifo somlomo wesibeletho. Esiqenjini esengozini ngalesi sikhathi, okokuqala kuhlanganisa okuphindaphindiwe. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Isthmicocervical kwenzeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho ubonakalisiwe, ngenxa yokuthi awukwazi ukubamba iqanda lesisu.
Ukuzalwa kusengaphambili ngaphambi kweviki lama-27, 28-30 kuya ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. I-akhawunti eyimfihlo ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yenani eliphelele lokuzalwa kulezi zinsuku. Isizathu sokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesonto 30 kungaba kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi, kanye nomthelela wezinto zangaphandle. Njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi kunconywa ukunciphisa umsebenzi womzimba, uma kunokwenzeka, ukuthukuthela ngokomzwelo kufanele kugwenywe. Ukusinda ngaphambi kokubeletha kwangaphambi kwamaviki angu-27-30 kuphakeme kunezikhathi zangaphambili, kepha ingane idinga usizo olukhethekile nezimo zokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Ukulethwa kwangaphambi kwesikhashana kuleveki engu-30-32 kungavamile kakhulu kunezimiso zamuva.
Ukwethulwa kwangaphambi kweviki emavikini angu-35-37 kungaphezu kwama-50%, futhi izici ezithinta ukukhulelwa kokuqala kule migomo zihluke ngokuphelele.
Ukuvimbela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengenhloso yokuvimbela, kuphakanyiswa ukuba uhlole ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokukhulelwa noma ngezikhathi zokuqala, ukuthola ukutholakala kwamathambo nezifo ezithathelwanayo ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma isifo sokukhulelwa kwesisu siphume ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuyadingeka ukuba siqaphelisise lesi simo, futhi uma izimpawu zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi zivela, kudingeka ukuba esibhedlela. Izibonakaliso zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubonakala ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu emathunjini aphansi, ubuhlungu bomhlane, izinguquko ngokuzumayo emisebenzini yemoto ye-fetus, ukuvimba okuvela emzimbeni wesisu, ukuphazamiseka okuvamile, ukuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid. Ukuhlukaniswa akukwazi njalo ukuhamba ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokubeletha, isibonelo, ngokungaqiniseki kwe-ismiko-tsirvikalnoy, ukuzalwa kungase kuqale ngokucacile.
Uma, naphezu kwemizamo yonke yokugcina ukukhulelwa, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kuyadingeka ukuthola isizathu sokugwema izinkinga kamuva, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okulandelayo.