Igama elithi "izandulela zokubeletha" ezinkingeni zokuzivikela ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinguquko zomtholampilo ezenzeka nge-cervix. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samahomoni ithobisa, ilula, ivula. Cabanga ngalolu daba ngokuningiliziwe, ubiza izimpawu zalo ezibukwayo, ukuzwa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe uhlangana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Amaprosesa asebenza ngokusemandleni
Inkathi yokulethwa yiyona ejabulisa kunazo zonke abesifazane abalindele ukubukeka kwabazali bokuqala. Leli qiniso lichazwa ukuthi abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe abazi ngezimpawu zokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni ku-primiparas. Ukukhuluma nodokotela, bazofunda ngalesi simo, njengabaqaphi bokuzalwa kokuzalwa, phakathi kwabo:
- Iphunga lesisu. Umama wesikhathi esizayo ngokwakhe ubona indlela okwenza ukuba aphefumule kalula, ukuqubuka kwenhliziyo kuyanyamalala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubhala ukuthi lo mkhuba usukhuni kakhulu, kunzima ukuhamba.
- Ukuhamba kwe-plug yomswakama. Phakathi nesikhathi sokubeletha umntwana ohlelweni lokuzala (umlomo wesibeletho), i-clot of mucus yakha, eveza yona. Idlala ngokuqondile indima yenkinga endleleni yama-microorganisms e-pathogenic, evikela isisu kanye nesibindi emiphumeleni yabo eyingozi. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokubeletha, owesifazane uloba ukuhamba kwakhe emgodini wesisu.
- Ukunciphisa ukusebenza komshini we-fetus. Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe babhala ukuthi ngaphambi kokuzalwa, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ingane iyancipha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwesikhala samahhala kanye nosayizi omkhulu wengane.
- Ukunqunywa kwesibeletho. Ukwehlukana kwesikhashana kwendonga yangasese yangaphakathi nesisu ngokubamba kwesinye isikhathi esiswini esingaphansi kubonisa ukukhuphuka kokubambisana kwezimbambo ze-muscle. Ukulwa okunjalo kuthiwa ukuqeqeshwa ngoba akuholeli ekuthuthukiseni abasebenzi.
- Ukuguquka kokuma. Ngenxa yokufuduka kwendawo yedonsela phansi, ukuguqulwa kwe-gait, ikhanda lihamba kancane.
- Inombolo ekhulayo yokuchama. Ukucindezela okuqinile okwenziwe ngesilonda ngesisu kudingekile ukuxoshwa kwesigungu njalo.
- Ukubonakala kokuzwa okungenakuzwakala emathunjini aphansi, endaweni yangemuva. Owesifazane ulungisa umdwebo, ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuqina okuphansi. Idonsa phansi kwesisu ngaphambi kokubeletha ikakhulukazi izibulo.
Ukuzwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa ku-primipara
Owesifazane ngamunye okhulelwe angachaza ngokuhlukile imizwa yakhe ngaphambi kokubeletha. Kodwa iningi lalaba besifazane kakade laba nabantwana bathi konke kwaqala ngokubonakala komswakama, umsuka ongazwakalayo wobuhlungu esiswini esingaphansi nasemuva ongemuva. Ngokuvamile benza njengesizinda esibuhlungu - qhubeka isikhathi eside, uthule isikhathi esifushane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwanda kwe-defecation kungaphawulwa.
Odokotela bathi lezi zandulela zokubeletha zihlotshaniswa nemizamo yomzimba ukuhlanza amathumbu. Lesi sihlalo asishintshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ukutholakala kungatholakala isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Lokhu kunqunywe ngaphambili ngokunyuka kokuhlushwa egazini le-hormone oxytocin, elikhuthaza ukusebenza komsebenzi. Ngaphansi kwethonya layo, umsebenzi we-myometrium wesifo sofuba ukwanda.
Ihla nini isisu ngaphambi kokubeletha izibulo?
Uphawu oluhlotshaniswa noshintsho endaweni ebonakalayo yesisu libhekisela kuma-precursors owaziwa ngokubeletha. Kubangelwa inqubo yokunciphisa ikhanda le-fetal ibe yisikhwama esincane, ishintsha isikhundla somzimba wayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umama wesikhathi esizayo ulungisa impumuzo, ithuthukise inhlalakahle. Kodwa okuyinhloko, ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo, ungacabangi ngalesi simo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvame ukwemukelwa komzimba wezingane ukubuza umbuzo mayelana nokuthi ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi isisu sehlile ngaphambi kokubeletha. Odokotela bakhombisa ukuthi kukhona okulandelayo:
- imvamisa yokwanda kokuchama;
- ukunyamalala kokuphefumula kwamuva nje;
- wehla emisebenzini ye-fetal.
Kunendlela elula yokwenza ukuthi kube khona ukudonsa esiswini . Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlola: faka isandla esikhaleni phakathi kwesifuba nengxenye engenhla yesisu. Uma cishe zonke izintende zifakwa kuwo, lokhu kubonisa indlela yokuhlinzeka ngayo. Ngokusho kwezokwelapha, into efanayo eqoshwe kubesifazane ababeletha okokuqala, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqala kwenqubo yokuzalwa. Lesi sikhathi sesikhathi sinenani elilinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhulelwa ngamunye kunezici zayo ezikhethekile, kungashintsha ohlangothini olukhulu noma oluncane.
Ababikezeli bokubeletha ngaphambi kokuzalwa
Mayelana nokubonakala kusengaphambili kwengane ekukhanyeni kukhulume ekuzalweni kwayo esikhathini esivela emavikini angu-28 kuya kwangu-37 ukubeletha. Lo mkhuba awukwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuqala, izandulela zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi zihleliwe. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- isifo esiswini esingaphansi, esifana naleso esinqunyiwe nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini;
- ukuchithwa kwamanzi okuphuma emzimbeni;
- ukungabikho kokunyakaza kwesisu;
- ukuvuza kwe-amniotic fluid.
I-Harbinger yegenera
Izibonakaliso zokubeletha zakuqala ekuzalweni kabusha azifani nakancane nalabo abakhona lapho izibulo lilinde. Isici esivela kubo yiqiniso lokuthi ayitholakali futhi angabonakala kamuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunzima ukubona. Kodwa owesifazane obeletha ngokugcwele ukhumbule lezo zibopho zokubeletha ezagubha ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe umntwana wokuqala. Uzokwazi ngokuhamba kwakhe kuseduze esibhedlela.
Imizwa ngaphambi kokubeletha ekuzalweni kabusha
Abesifazane, ababeletha izingane eziyisibili nabalandelayo, baziwa cishe cishe zonke izandulela zokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni. Ngosuku olude mayelana nehora elizayo "X" owesifazane okhulelwe uzokwazi ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, ukuthi uyashintsha kanjani umsebenzi wakhe. Iningi lamazwi ukuthi ngokuzumayo ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokugaya kukhona ukuphumula okubukhali, amandla amakhulu, isifiso sokwenza yonke ibhizinisi elingapheli, ukulungiselela igumbi lomntwana. Lesi simo ngokuvamile siqhathaniswa nesimiso sokuhlala.
Ihla nini isisu ngaphambi kokubeletha ama-moles?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwabesifazane ababeletha ngokuphindaphindiwe abesifazane babhekene nokudonsa okuncane ngaphambi kwesisu ngaphambi kokubeletha. Lesi simo sihlotshaniswa nemisipha ebuthakathaka esitezi sesisu nesisu - umphumela wokukhulelwa kokuqala. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehluleka kungabhalwa uma i- amniotic fluid ikhishwa , lapho inqubo yokubukeka kwengane iqala ngokushesha.
Amaprosesa asetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokuqala ukusebenza
Ukulethwa kwangaphambili kuvame ukubangelwa izinkinga zenqubo yokugaya. Phakathi kwalezi zikhundla, isikhundla esiphakathi sithathwe yi-hypertension yesibeletho. Ngalesi simo, kukhona ukwanda komsebenzi owenziwe ngokuvumelana nomzimba we-muscle fibers we-myometrium. Odokotela balungisa izimpawu zokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni, phakathi kwazo:
- ukuvulwa kwentamo yesisu;
- ukubonakala kokuphuma kwegazi ;
- ukwephula ubuqotho be-amniotic fluid.
Uhudo ngaphambi kokubeletha
Ngokuvame ukulinda ukuzalwa kwesibili, okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, owesifazane ulungisa ukwephula okukhulu kwesitokisi ngemuva kwesikhathi. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuguqulwa esimweni somntwana kanye nokunyuka kwama-hormone akhuthaza inqubo yokuzalwa. Odokotela bathi ngale ndlela umzimba ugaxa amathumbu, ukwandisa isikhala segciwane lesisu, esizohambisa umntwana.
Isonto lama-40 lokukhulelwa - azikho izandulela zokubeletha
Kwezinye izimo, amaviki angu-40 , futhi azikho izibonakaliso zokuzalwa okuzayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, owesifazane akakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi maduze uzozala. Njalo usuku luhambisana nokulinda. Isenzakalo esifanayo sichazwa yizici eziningana:
- Ukulungiselelwa okungalungile kweminyaka yobudala;
- Isikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini (ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-30).
Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-40 wokubeletha, owesifazane udluliselwa esibhedlela. Esikhungweni sezokwelapha, isimo sakhe silawulwa ngokugcwele odokotela. Lapho kwenzeka khona ukulwa, ukudalulwa kwenduku yowesifazane okhulelwe kuhumusha ngesikhathi sokubeletha, bese kuthi ihholo lokubeletha lapho umntwana ebonakala khona ekukhanyeni. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi inqubo yokulethwa ngokwayo ikhona ekuzalweni kabusha okusheshayo futhi kulula.