Abazali, balindele ngokulangazela ukuzalwa kwengane yakhe, bavame ukukhathazeka ngempilo yakhe. Ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi ukwesaba kwabo kulungile. Elinye lama-pathologies evame kakhulu emisebenzini yi-asphyxia yesisu esanda kuzalwa. Abazali abaningi, lapho bezwa lokhu kutholakala, bawubona njengesigwebo futhi ngokushesha besaba. Siphakamisa futhi ukuba siqale ukuqonda okubalulekile kwalenkinga futhi, kuzo zonke izindleko, ukugcina isimo sengqondo esihle.
Izimbangela nezinhlobo ze-asphyxia yezinsana
I-Asphyxia yisimo somntwana osanda kuzalwa lapho inqubo yokuphefumula iphazanyiswa khona, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukuntuleka kwe-oxygen. Izibalo zithi izingane ezingaba ngu-70% zizalelwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene namazinga e-asphyxia.
Kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwezinhlobo ezimbili:
- okuyisisekelo (kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzalwa);
- secondary (iqala ngosuku lokuqala lokuphila kwengane).
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-primary asphyxiation kukhuthazwa njalo yizici ezinzima. Kungaba:
- i-intrauterine hypoxia (i-acute noma engapheliyo);
- ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha kwengane;
- ukungahambisani nomama kanye nesisu ngokuzivikela;
- ukuvimbela okuphelele noma okuyingxenye yendlela yokuhamba emoyeni yengane ene-amniotic fluid noma i-mucus;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zomama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- inkinga yokukhulelwa;
- ukungavamile kwemisebenzi (i-pathologically pelvis encane yomama, ukufakwa ngendlela engafanele kwentloko ye-fetal, kwezinye izimo, intambo embossing).
Phakathi kwezimbangela ze-asphyxia yesibili yilezi:
- i-pneumonia yokuzalwa enganeni;
- ukujikeleza kwe-cerebral;
- ingress yokuhlanza emphefumulweni wokuphefumula;
- ukuphazanyiswa kwesistimu yenzwa yomntwana oyinhloko.
Kwenzekani nge-asphyxiation?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimbangela ze-asphyxia, ingane ngokushesha iqala ukushintsha izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba. Esimweni lapho i-hypoxia yomntwana eqala ukuqala, bese i-asphyxia yengane esanda kuzalwa, ingane ingase ihlakulele i-hypovolemia. I-Hypovolemia ibonakala ngokushintsha kokuvumelana kwegazi. Igazi likhula, i-viscosity yayo ikhuphuka, ama-platelet namaseli abomvu azuza amandla okwandisa ama-aggregation.
Esikhathini sobuchopho, enhliziyweni, esibindi, izinso kanye nezigulane ezinamazinyane ezisanda kuzalwa, ukubola nokukhukhumeza ngenxa ye-hypoxia yezicubu zingatholakala.
Ukunciphisa i-peripheral kanye ne-central hemodynamics kuholela ekunciphiseni kwenhlanganisela yezinhliziyo, ukucindezeleka kwegazi.
Inqubo ye-metabolic iphazanyiswa, okuholela ekubuyeni komsebenzi we-urinary wezinso.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuthi i-asphyxia yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuyiphutha lenqubo yokuphefumula, egcwele ushintsho kwisigqi senhliziyo kanye noshintsho olunzulu ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo nokuvuselelwa kwezinsana ngokuphefumula.
Ngokushesha, emva kokuzalwa kwengane ene-asphyxiation, odokotela be-neonatology kumele bahlole ngokucophelela ukuze bahlole isimo esikalini se-Apgar. Zonke izingane ezinjalo zidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo ngokushesha. Ukwelapha okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kuqaliswa, kuphakama ukusebenza kwabo kuyoba khona. Konke kuqala ngqo ekamelweni lokulethwa. Odokotela bahlale beqapha imingcele eyisisekelo yokuphila komntwana:
- isilinganiso senhliziyo;
- i-hematocrit;
- imvamisa yokunyakaza kokuphefumula, ukujula kwabo.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu datha, odokotela baphetha ngokuthi
I-Asphyxia yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ingaba nemiphumela enjalo:
- hyper futhi hypoexcitability;
- i-convulsive syndrome;
- i-hydrocephalic syndrome;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-diencephalic.
Amathuba wemiphumela enjalo ixhomeke ekucindezeleni kwe-asphyxia idluliselwe kuzalwa olusha. Futhi ukunciphisa ingozi yalezi zinkinga kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi uma kunesidingo, ukubonisana njalo kwachwepheshe bezinhlaka ezifanele kunconywa.