Ama-antibiotics ayingxenye yezinto eziphilayo zemvelo nezisemkhathini ezikwazi ukusebenzisana namandla okulimaza ama-microbes, nokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwazo. Manje kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zama-antibiotic anezakhiwo ezihlukile. Eziningi zazo zivinjelwe ngisho nokusetshenziswa, ngoba zanda uketshezi. Wonke ama-antibiotic ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokusho kwesakhiwo samakhemikhali nesenzo sabo.
Amaqembu amakhulu ama-antibiotic yilokhu:
- iqembu lama-penicillin;
- iqembu lama-cephalosporins;
- ama-antibiotics weqembu le-macrolide;
- ama-antibiotics eqenjini le-tetracycline;
- ama-antibiotics eqenjini le-aminoglycoside.
Uma ubeke izidakamizwa ezinamandla zokwelapha, emva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uzokwazi ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi i-antibiotic yakho eyisidakamizwa, nokuthi kanjani inikezwa kahle.
Ama-antibiotics weqembu lama-macrolide
Ama-antibiotics weqembu lama-macrolide ayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Izidakamizwa ezifakwe kuleli qembu zinemithi elwa namagciwane, i-bacteriostatic, izenzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala nezokuzivikela. Zisetshenziselwa izifo ezinjenge-sinusitis, i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-syphilis, i-diphtheria ne-periodontitis. Uma umuntu enesimo esinzima se-acne, i-toxoplasmosis noma i-mycobacteriosis, enye yalezi zidakamizwa ingasetshenziswa.
Ama-antibiotics eqenjini lama-macrolide alinqatshelwe ukuthi abantu banelungelo lokuziphendulela. Ngeke ukwazi ukuthatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukondla. Abantu asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abanesifo senhliziyo, kufanele baqaphe ngokuthatha le mithi.
Ama-antibiotics weqembu le-penicillin
Ukulwa nama-antibiotic weqembu le-penicillin yilowo mithi enamandla okulwa nokuvela kwamaseli okugciwane, isb. ukuvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqiza kwabo. Amapenicillin anezakhiwo eziwusizo kakhulu - alwa nezifo ezithathelwanayo, i-causative agent ngaphakathi kwamaseli omzimba, futhi alimazi kumuntu othatha imithi. Isidakamizwa esivame kakhulu kusuka eqenjini lama-antibiotic penicillin "i-Amoxiclav." Ukungaphumeleli kweqembu le-penicillin kufaka ukuqedwa okusheshayo emzimbeni.
Ama-antibiotics eqenjini lama-cephalosporin
I-Cephalosporins iyingxenye yeqembu lama-antibiotic we-beta-lactam futhi isakhiwo sifana ne-penicillin. I-antibiotics yeqembu le-cephalosporin isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo. La ma antibiotics anomhlomulo owodwa obaluleke kakhulu: balwa nalawo ma-microbes aphikisana ne-penicillin. Ama-antiptictic group cephalosporins asetshenziselwa izifo zendlela yokuphefumula, uhlelo lwe-urinary, izifo ezihlukahlukene zamathumbu.
Ama-antibiotics eqenjini le-tetracycline
I-antibiotics yeqembu le-tetracycline ihlanganisa "iTetracycline", "i-Doxycycline", "i-Oxytetracycline", "i-Metacyclin". Lezi zidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ukulwa namagciwane. Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-antibiotics eqenjini le-tetracycline, kungenzeka ukuthi kubangele imiphumela emibi njenge
Ama-antibiotics eqembu le-fluoroquinolones
Ama-antibiotics eqembu le-fluoroquinolone asetshenziselwa izifo ezithathelwanayo zesimiso sokuphefumula, izitho zomchamo, izitho ze-ENT nezinye izifo eziningi. Ama-antibiotics alaleli qembu afaka i- "Ofloxacin", "Norfloxacin", "Levofloxacin".
Ama-antibiotics weqembu le-aminoglycoside
Ama-antibiotics weqembu le-aminoglycoside asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ezinzima. Ngezikhathi ezimbalwa ezibangela ukusabela okubangelwa ukwelapha, kepha ziyingozi kakhulu.