Muva nje ezweni lakithi kwaba yisibopho sokuqhuba ucwaningo ngezifo zofuzo kanye nokuhlolwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Lezi zenzo zihloswe ukutholakala nokuphathwa kwezifo ezibi kakhulu.
Kuyini ukubukwa kwe-neonatal kwezinsana?
Ukuhlolwa kwezinsana kuyisimiso sokuqwashisa izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu kungukuhlolwa kwazo zonke izinsana ngaphandle kokungena kwemiphumela yezifo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo egazini. Izifo eziningi ezingezansi zofuzo zingatholakala ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuhlola. Nokho, hhayi bonke. Ukuze uthole izifo eziningi, izifundo ezengeziwe zenziwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuyabonakala ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila komntwana, lapho esesibhedlela. Ukwenza lokhu, ingane ithatha igazi esithende futhi iqhuba isifundo se-laboratory. Imiphumela yokuhlola izingane ezisanda kuzalwa isilungele ezinsukwini ezingu-10. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kokuqala kuhlotshaniswa neqiniso lokuthi lesi sifo sibonakalisiwe ngaphambili, amathuba amaningi okutholakala ekubuyiseleni kwengane. Futhi izifo eziningi ezifundwayo azikwazi ukuboniswa kwangaphandle kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ngisho neminyaka yokuphila.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinsana kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezilandelayo zokuzalwa:
I-Phenylketonuria yisifo esibandakanya ukungabikho noma ukwehla emsebenzini we-enzyme ehlwitha i-amino acid phenylalanine. Ingozi yalesi sifo ukuqoqwa kohlobo lwe-phenylalanine egazini, okungaholela ekuphazameni kwe-neurologic, ukulimala kwengqondo, ukuphuza kwengqondo.
I-cystic fibrosis - isifo esihambisana nokuphazanyiswa kwezinhlelo zokugaya nokuphefumula, kanye nokwephulwa kwengane.
I-hypothyroidism ekhulile iyisifo segciwane le-thyroid, elibonakala ekuhlukumezeni ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone, okuholela ekuphazamiseni ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Lesi sifo cishe sithinta amantombazane kunabesilisa.
I-Adrenogenital syndrome - isethi yezifo ezihlukahlukene ezihambisana nokuphazanyiswa kwe-cortex ephezulu. Zithinta umzimba kanye nomsebenzi wazo zonke izitho zomzimba womuntu. Lezi ziphazamiso zithinta kakhulu isondo, isifo senhliziyo, nezinso. Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sifo singaholela ekufeni.
I-Galactosemia yisifo esiqukethe ukungabi nama-enzyme ekuqhutshweni kwe-galactose. Ukuqoqa umzimba, le enzyme ithinta isibindi, isimiso sezinzwa, ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba nokuzwa.
Njengoba singabona, zonke izifo eziphenywe zimbi kakhulu. Futhi uma ungenzi ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwezinsana ngesikhathi futhi ungaqali ukwelashwa, imiphumela ingaba ngaphezu kokubi kakhulu.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola ingane esanda kuzalwa, i-ultrasound ingabekwa, kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile nokucacile.
Kuyini ukubukwa kwe-audiological for the newborns?
Ukuhlolwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuyisivivinyo sokuzwa kokuqala. Manje izingane ezingaphezu kwama-90% zivivinywa ngokuzwakalayo esibhedlela esibhedlela, kanti bonke abanye bathunyelwa ukuhlola ukuzwa emtholampilo.
Futhi, uma kuphela izingane ezivela engozini zivezwa ekuhlolweni kwezethameli, manje kuyadingeka kubo bonke abantwana abasha. Ucwaningo olunjalo luhambisana nokusebenza kahle kokuvuselelwa kokuzwa uma inkinga itholakele ngesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-prosthetics anezinsiza zokuzwa ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, futhi kudingeke futhi ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi esifanele.