Noma yikuphi ukuthembela kuyithinta kabi umzimba womuntu, kubangelwa izifo ezinzima noma ezibulalayo. Okuyingozi nakakhulu yi-embryo, izinhlelo zangaphakathi zazo ezisanda kuqala ukwakha. Kubalulekile ukuba umama wesikhathi esizayo aqaphele ngokucacile umthelela wemikhuba yakhe emibi emntwaneni kanye nemiphumela yalezi zinamathiselo.
Ngingabhema yini ukukhulelwa?
Lolu daba luye lwacutshungulwa ngokucophelela ngocwaningo lwesayensi, lapho ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwamathambo okuthuthukiswa komntwana kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kusungulwa. Umama ozayo kufanele aqede ngokuphelele ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - umbono wabodokotela kuleli cala ubumbene. I-Nicotine , i-tar, imikhiqizo yokushisa kanye nezinye izimila zamakhemikhali ziyathinteka ekuthwaleni kanye nesimo sombungu.
Ngingabhema yini abesifazane abakhulelwe abakwa-hookah?
Kukhona ukungaqondi kahle ukuthi ukufaka umusi omanzi ngokusebenzisa i-accessory echazwe kuyingozi kakhulu kunomlutha kagwayi. Ekutadisheni ngokucophelela kwalokhu kutholakala - i-hookah ekukhulelwe futhi kuyingozi nakakhulu endleleni evamile yokwamukela i-nicotine. Ugwayi wocingo olucatshangelwayo luqinile, luhlanganiswa ngaphezu kwama-flavour namafutha. Zangena ngaphakathi emaphashini ngenxa yomzamo okhishwa umusi.
"EMpumalanga" ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyingozi kakhulu ngezizathu eziningana:
- I-Hookah yamukelwa ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside, amahora amaningana. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi umzimba womama wesikhathi esizayo uzothola i-nicotine ngaphezulu ngamakhemikhali kanye namakhemikhali ayingozi kunokubhema.
- Ugwayi for hookahs ukhiqizwa ngaphandle kokuhambisana namazinga omhlaba jikelele. Kungaba nokungcola okungaziwa nokuyingozi.
- Ukuze uthole umusi, amalahle adingekayo. Bakhulula imikhiqizo yokushisa kanye nezinhlayi ezifaka umzimba womama ozayo.
- I-hookah ejwayelekile noma ejwayelekile yokubhema iveza ukuthembela, izifo zokuphefumula nezifo zenhliziyo.
- Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, inkampani ngokuvamile isebenzisa umlomo owodwa. Lokhu kubhekene nokutheleleka ngesifo sofuba, isifo sofuzo esibhedlela , isibindi sesifo se- hepatitis B.
Ukubhema inambuzane ngesikhathi ukhulelwe
IHashishi (i-cannabis, i-cannabis) ingenye yezinto ezidakayo zomshuwalense ezisemthethweni emazweni athile aseYurophu nasezimbalwa zaseMelika. I-Marijuana nokukhulelwa kuyinhlanganisela embi, ngokusho ngisho nodokotela abaqhubekayo kakhulu, kodwa ezimweni ezingavamile, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvunyelwe. E-syndrome yokuhlanza okungenakudliwa, omama abalindele ngezinye izikhathi bathola i-hemp yezokwelapha. Lesi sifo sibhekene nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esinzima, i-anorexia nokuntuleka komzimba emzimbeni. I-Marijuana isiza ukuyeka ukuhlanza, ukuvamise ukufisa ukudla nokugaya.
I-cannabis yezokwelapha isetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezinzima, kodwa hhayi ngendlela ejwayelekile. Ukubhema komdlavuza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvunyelwe. Kungenzeka ukufaka imiphunga yejuju ngokusebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile noma ukwengeza ama-herbs omisiwe ekudleni, okungcono amakhukhi, isinkwa sebhanana nama-muffin. Ngokushesha ngemva kokunyamalala kwezibonakaliso ze-indigestible vomiting syndrome, ukusetshenziswa kwe-insangu kufanele kukhishwe.
Kungenzeka yini ukubhema ugwayi kagesi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe?
Kunezinkolelo eziningi ezihlobene namadivayisi asekucatshangelwayo, kufaka phakathi izitatimende mayelana nokuphepha kwabo kubomama abalindele. Ugwayi we-elekthronikhi, amabhokisi- nama-mehmodes athola ukuthandwa akudala kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukubhema kubangelwa yini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwamadivayisi anjalo. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwesayensi, ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi akhethiwe akulimazi kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ugwayi namahooka. Abazihlukanisi imikhiqizo yokushisa, isimiso sokusebenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-steam. Ama-liquid for refill awaqukethe ama-resin, amakhemikhali namanye amakhemikhali anobuthi.
Ngisho nangokwamaqiniso angenhla, akunakucatshangwa ukuthi ugwayi we- elekthronikhi uphephile ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Iningi lalawo madivaysi asetshenzisiwe aqukethe i-nicotine, ephazamisa kakhulu impilo yomama ozayo nombungu owenzayo. Bobabili ochwepheshe bezokwelapha kanye nabanamahloni abanokuhlangenwe nakho abangeke batusa ukusebenzisa ugwayi kagesi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma owesifazane engakwazi ukuyeka umkhuba, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yengane, ukuthola iziphuzo ngaphandle kwe-nicotine ("nulevki").
Kunokuba ukubhema kuyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ukukhuluma ngengozi yalesi sigqila ngokuvamile akusho lutho kumama ozayo. Ukuze uqonde kangcono izizathu zesidingo sokushiya ukuxhomeka ekubambeni, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani uma ugwaya ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Owesifazane esimweni esithakazelisayo kufanele aqaphele ukuthi imizuzu eminingana yenjabulo yakhe igcwele izinkinga ezinkulu ezinganeni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokubeletha.
Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezikhathini zokuqala
Emasontweni okuqala emva kokufaka umfanyana emadongeni esibeletho, izitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo zomntwana ziqala ukwakha. Into eyinhloko, ukubhema okulimazayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinkathini zokuqala zokukhula kwengane, ingozi yokubeletha okuzalwa. Ngcono kakhulu, i-embryo izokhipha ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba noma ibe yincane kunejwayelekile. Kukhona neminye imiphumela eyesabekayo yokubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinyangeni zokuqala:
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu (esikhathini esizayo omama abanemikhuba emibi kaningi izikhathi eziningi);
- ukuqhuma;
- ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ;
- ukungena kwe-intrauterine (hare lip, strabismus, umlomo wempuphu nabanye).
Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi esilandelayo
Kukhona ukungaqondi kahle ukuthi ugwayi womama emva kwenyanga yesithupha yokukhulelwa ayingozi kakhulu kumntwana. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi ku-trimester yokugcina kufana nokulimaza, njengokubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kombungu. Ngisho noma izinhlelo zangaphakathi ze-fetus zakhiwa ngendlela efanele, i-nicotine, i-tar nama-poisoni (izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-4 500) kagwayi ngokukhululekile zidlula umgoqo we-placental futhi zingene emzimbeni womntwana. Ukulimala kokubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngosuku oluzayo kuhlanganisa:
- i-hypoxia (i-oxygen starvation) ye-fetus;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi;
- ukunciphisa nokunciphisa kwesisindo se-placenta;
- isethulo esingalungile;
- i-stillbirth;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi;
- i-gestosis;
- uterine igazi.
Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - imiphumela yengane
Ukuzalwa kwezingane ezinempilo kubesifazane abanomkhuba omubi okwenzekayo, kodwa njengento ehlukile, hhayi emaphethini. Umphumela ovame kakhulu wokubhema emntwaneni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukhula ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba. Amantombazane azalwa ngesisindo esincane kakhulu nobude obufushane. Ububanzi bekhanda labo buncane kunelezo ezinsana omama abangazange basebenzise i-nicotine.
Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kugcwele ingane nezinkinga ezinkulu:
- ukubeletha okuphefumulayo kokubeletha;
- ukunakekelwa kwesimo esingenalutho;
- i-autism;
- Izinga elanele lokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukuwohloka kwamakhono okuzala, ikakhulukazi kubafana;
- usana oluzelelwe ngokufa;
- ukugula ngengqondo;
- ukuziphatha okubi;
- ukubola ekukhuleni;
- unencephaly kanye nabanye.
Ukubhema okungapheli ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Uma lona wesifazane engenawo umlutha olimazayo, kodwa ngokuvamile noma egumbini eligcwele umsi, unamathele i-nicotine, imikhiqizo yokushisa kanye ne-toxic kusuka kwabanye abantu abagwayi. Lapha, kunokuba ukubhema kusongela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezimweni ezinjalo:
- izinkinga zenhliziyo emntwaneni;
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu;
- ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- i-stillbirth;
- ukuhamba kwengane ezifweni zokuphefumula;
- i-intrauterine anomalies;
- i-leukemia;
- isifo sikashukela.
Ungakuyeka kanjani ukubhema ukhulelwe?
Abanye besifazane, sebefunde ngokuzalwa kokuphila okusha ngaphakathi kwabo, ngokushesha baphonsa ipakethe yegwayi futhi bakhohlwe kalula ngokuziqhenya okulimazayo. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yazo zonke izinkinga ezingenhla futhi kwandisa amathuba okubeletha umntwana onempilo, ngisho noma umama olindelekile engazi ukuthi ukhulelwe futhi uphuze. Ngokuvamile kunezimo lapho owesifazane enzima kakhulu ukuyeka ugwayi. Lo mkhuba uthathwa odokotela njengendlela yokulutha izidakamizwa ezifanayo. Awukwazi ukwahlulela umama wesikhathi esizayo ngokufuna ukubhema, kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka, kodwa kuyiqiniso ngempela:
- Lahla zonke izinto ezihambisana nomkhuba.
- Susa iphunga lomzimba - konke ugeze, ugeze izinwele zakho kahle.
- Gwema izinkampani zokubhema nokubhema.
- Ungacabangi ngokuyeka ugwayi njengesisulu. Ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo njengomuthi. Khumbula ngesipiliyoni sangaphambilini, zinike ukufakwa kokubhema akukaze kwenzeke.
- Joyina iqembu lokusekela noma irejista esithangamini esifanayo.
- Ukubhekana ne-psychotherapist kanye nochwepheshe we-narcology.
- Cela izihlobo mayelana nokulawula, uma kunesidingo.
- Hlola izincwadi ezikhethekile, ubuke ividiyo mayelana nezingozi zokubhema.
- Ukuzilibazisa kuyisithakazelo esiwusizo.
- Khuphuka nomunye umkhuba - ufunda incwadi ezithakazelisayo, umdlalo webhodi noma ingxoxo nomlingani wakho.
Kungenzeka yini ukuyeka ukubhema nokukhulelwa?
Umama ozayo futhi ngokushesha uzolahla ugwayi, ingane yakhe izozala kahle. Ukuhoxiswa kancane kancane kokubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyisizathu, sakhiwe ngenxa yobuthakathaka nokungafuni ukuzincisha injabulo yesikhashana. Ayikho umonakalo kusuka ekuthunjweni okuphuthumayo, kuwukuzuzisa kuphela, ngisho nokuhlangenwe nakho okude. Ukubhema okungajwayelekile noma okungavamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyingozi njengoba unomphela.