Ngokulindeleke ukuzalwa kwengane, abazali abambalwa bacabanga ngokugcwaliseka kwazo zonke izimo ezihambisana nale mcimbi ojabulisayo. Kodwa isikhathi esiphila kuso sisho ukugcwaliseka kwezibopho ezithile ezichazwe kumthethosisekelo kanye nomthetho kwanoma yiliphi izwe. Umbuzo we-propiska wabaningi ukhulu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile abazali abazi ukuthi kufanele babhalise ingane encane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubhalisa ingane, kuphi nokuthi kuphi kangcono ukunquma ingane, nokuthi yimaphi amadokhumenti adingekayo kulokhu. Ngokufanayo, lapho bebhekene nezimo ezinzima, abaningi abazi ukuthi amalungelo abo namalungelo wengane abhalisiwe efulethini. Uma kunezinkinga ezingathinta izintshisekelo zengane esikhathini esizayo, kungcono ukubuyela kummeli omuhle, kodwa ekuqaleni abazali kufanele bazi ukuthi yini enikeziwe ngumthetho, ngokuphathelene nokubhaliswa kokuhlala kanye namalungelo okuhlala endaweni.
Uphi futhi ukuthi ungabeka kanjani umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Umbuzo wokuthi ngabe ingane idinga imvume yokuhlala ibaluleke kakhulu uma kunenkinga yokuhlala isikhala. Isibonelo, kuhlelwe ukuthengisa noma ukushintshanisa izindlu, noma abanikazi bendlu, lapho abazali ababhalisiwe khona ngokumelene ne-propiska yengane. Ngaphansi komthetho, ingane kufanele ibhaliswe ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-10 kusukela ngosuku lokuzalwa, ukubhalisa izingane endaweni yokuhlala omunye wabazali. Umthetho waseRussia ne-Ukraine uhlinzeka ngemali uma ingane ingabhalisiwe noma kuphi, ubukhulu bayo bubude nobude bokuhlala ngaphandle kokubhaliswa. Ukubhalisa ingane efulethini ngaphandle kwemvume yomnikazi ngaphansi komthetho we-Ukraine kungaba iminyaka engama-10, futhi ngaphansi komthetho waseRussia kuya eminyakeni engu-14, uma kukhona imvume yabazali kanti omunye wabo ubhalisiwe. Ngaphansi kwemithetho yaseRussia, izingane zibekiwe kuphela endaweni yokuhlala yabazali. Ngaphansi komthetho wase-Ukraine, kungenzeka ukuba ubhalise ingane ngaphandle kwabazali endaweni efihliwe, kodwa kuphela ngemvume yabanikazi. Ukuze ubhalise umama kumntanakho, nemvume yabanikazi bezindlu izophinde idingeke.
Ukuthengisa indlu lapho ingane ibhaliswe khona, imvume yomkhandlu wesigceme iyadingeka. Ukugunyazwa kukhishwa ekuboniseni ubufakazi bokuthi amalungelo omntwana ngeke aphulwe. Isibonelo, ingane ingabhaliswa okwesikhashana nogogo wakhe, noma ezinye izihlobo eziseduze, umkhandlu awukwazi ukuvumela uma izimo zezindlu zendawo entsha yokuhlala zibi kakhulu, indawo encane yokuphila, noma isimo sezinguquko ezihlala endaweni.
Abazali kufanele baxoxisane kusengaphambili ukuthi banganikeza futhi banikeze kanjani umntwana osanda kuzalwa ukuze bagweme izinkinga kamuva. Ngokuvamile umntwana unqunyelwe umama, kodwa ngokuvuma kwabazali, kungenziwa kunqunywe kwenye indawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga isitifiketi esitshela ukuthi indoda ayizange ibhalise ingane ekhaya, futhi isethi evamile yamadokhumenti adingekayo ukuze i-propiska. Ngaphambi kokubhalisa ingane encane, ubaba uzodinga imvume yomama, isitifiketi esitshela ukuthi ingane ayibhaliswanga naye, futhi, mhlawumbe, imvume yomkhandlu wokulondoloza uma ingane ibhaliswe kwenye indawo.
Ingane encane ebhaliswe efulethini inamalungelo okuyingxenye yayo, uma le ngxenye yindawo yabazali, ngaphansi komthetho onikezela amalungelo omntwana endaweni yomzali. Uma abazali bengabanikazi bezindlu, ingane inamalungelo okuqasha okufanayo, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuyiloba ngaphandle kwemvume yomkhandlu wesigceme.
Indlela yokubhalisa ingane engaphansi komama ngaphandle kwemvume kayise?
Uma kunesahlukaniso, inkinga yokubhaliswa kwengane ixazululwe ngesivumelwano sabazali noma ngomyalelo wenkantolo. Ngokuvamile ingane ihlala nonina, futhi, ngeshwa, isimo sande lapho ubaba enganiki imvume yokubhalisa ingane kumama. Kwezinye izimo, ukuxazulula inkinga kuwanele ukuyala inkantolo, ukuthi ngubani ozohlala naye. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukufakazela ukuthi ngezenzo zalo umzali ubangela ukulimaza ingane futhi aphule amalungelo akhe. Ukuze uxazulule umbuzo onjalo kumntwana, kungcono ukubuyela kummeli omuhle ozokwenza inqubo yokubhekana nesimo esithile.
Abazali kufanele baqonde ukuthi ukubhalisa ingane kuhambisana namalungelo abo angokomthetho okuba nempahla noma ukuqasha isikhala esiphilayo. Imithetho yombuso ngamunye ihlinzekela ukuvikelwa kwezingane ekusebenzeni okungemthetho kwabantu abadala. Kuzo zonke izimo ezisongela amalungelo omntwana, kubalulekile ukuthi uthintane nomkhandlu wokulondoloza noma ezinye izidumbu zokuvikela.