Izifo ze-Peak zibhekisela ezifweni ezingavamile ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa eziphakathi. Isizathu sokubonakala kwalesi sifo asihloliswanga ngokugcwele, futhi akutholakali ikhambi kulo. Lesi sifo sithinta abantu emva kweminyaka engama-60 futhi sithuthuka ngokushesha.
Iyini isifo sika Pick?
Isifo sika Pick yisifo esiboniswa yi-senile dementia. Isizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwayo kungumonakalo wamaseli we-lobes angaphambili kanye nesikhashana. I-cortex ye-cerebral iyingxenye yobuchopho obunciphisa ngesifo sika-Pick, umugqa ophakathi kwempahla ebuchopho obumhlophe neyimpunga ibuhlungu. Isiguli siqala ukuhamba kancane emkhathini, siphonsa amakhono akhona, asikwazi ukuthola ulwazi olusha namakhono. Ukuguquka kobuntu kuholela ekunciphiseni kokuzithiba kanye nokwanda kwendima yezifiso kanye nemvelo.
Izifo ze-peak ne-Alzheimer's - umehluko
Izifo ze-Peak kanye ne-Alzheimer zifana nezimpawu ezifanayo, phakathi kwazo okuyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa komqondo. Isifo esihlukile nguNiemann Pick, onamagama afanayo, kodwa uphawu oluhlukile ngokuphelele kanye nenkambo. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesifo se-Alzheimer kanye nesifo sika Pick, kubalulekile ukuba unake izici ezinjalo:
- Ubudala. Isifo se-Peak singabonakala kubantu emva kweminyaka engama-50, kanti isifo se-Alzheimer sijwayelekile kubantu abadala - iminyaka engu-60-70.
- Amakhono okuqonda. E-Alzheimer's disease, ukunakekelwa, inkumbulo nokucabanga kuqala, kanti nasezikhungweni zikaPick, izinkinga zamakhono okuqonda zibonakala kamuva.
- Ubuntu. E-Alzheimer's disease, ubuntu bomuntu buqhubeka isikhathi eside, futhi uma kwenzeka kulesi sifo sikaPyk, izinguquko ezibonakalayo zobuntu zibonakala ngokushesha. Isiguli esibhekene nokuxilongwa kwesifo se Pick sika, silandela izimo zakhe zangasese, simenqaba ukunakekelwa, siziphatha sigxile.
- Inkulumo. Iziguli ezinezifo zikaPikk zilahlekelwa ezinye izilimi, kodwa zigcina amakhono okufunda nokubhala. E-Alzheimer's disease, izinkinga zokukhuluma zikhula kancane, kodwa amakhono okufunda nokubhala alahlekile.
- Inkambo yesifo. Isifo se-Peak sibonakala inkambo enobudlova, ikhula ngokushesha futhi ingaholela ekufeni eminyakeni eyisithupha. Isifo se-Alzheimer sibhekene nenkambo encane. Ukuphila ngemva kokuxilongwa kuyinto engu-7-10.
Izimbangela ze-dementia eshayayo
Izimpawu zezifo zika Pick zachazwa emuva ngo-1892, kodwa kuze kube manje, izimbangela eziqondile zesifo azizange zisungulwe. Ukuwohloka komqondo okuncane, ukuwohloka komqondo kungase kuzuzwe njengefa, kepha izimo eziphuthumayo zivame kakhulu. Phakathi kwezimbangela ezikhona zesifo, abacwaningi babiza lokhu:
- ukuhlala umuntu isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwethonya lamakhemikhali alingozi, ukuthatha izidakamizwa, utshwala;
- i- anesthesia ejwayelekile noma eyengeziwe;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- izicubu;
- i-craniocerebral trauma;
- ukutheleleka;
- ukutholakala kwamavithamini okubangelwa ukungabikho kwamavithamini B.
Isifo sika Pick - izimpawu nezimpawu
Ukuwohloka komqondo okuncane, izimpawu ezikhula nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, zibonakalisa ngokucacile ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Odokotela babiza izibonakaliso ezinjalo zesifo sokuwohloka komqondo okuncane:
- ubugovu obukhulu;
- landela izifiso zakho nezifiso zakho;
- ukuziphatha okungafani;
- kunciphise umsebenzi wokuziqapha;
- izinguquko ekukhulumeni, ukuphindaphinda kwemisho oyithandayo;
- ukukhathazeka ngokweqile kusho: ukujabula noma ukunganaki ;
- ukungaqiniseki kwemizwelo nemicabango;
- amnesia , ukunakwa kwengqondo;
- ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokufunda;
- ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokuxhumana nabanye.
Izifo zesifo - izigaba
Isifo se-Peak, izimpawu nezibonakaliso zazo kuxhomeke esigabeni sesifo, kuqala ngokukhathazeka komuntu obuncane, futhi kuphelile ngokufa kwesiguli. Kunezigaba ezintathu zalesi sifo:
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuthambekela kobugovu. Isiguli siphelela ukunaka izifiso nobuntu bezungezile abantu. Isikhungo sendawo yakhe yedwa. Izifiso zakhe nezidingo zakhe ziza kuqala, okuyinto afisa ukuthola ukwanelisa ngokushesha. Kanye nalokhu, ikhono lokuzigxeka nokuzithiba liyehla. Kunokungazwakali ngokomzwelo, ukuthambekela kokuthokoza nokunganakwa.
- Ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yokucabangela. Kunezinkinga ngenkulumo: isiguli siphinda imishwana ethandwayo kanye nezindaba. Ukukhula kwezinkinga ngenkulumo kubangela ukungakwazi ukuveza imicabango yabo nokuqonda inkulumo yomunye umuntu. Amakhono ahlukumezayo wokufunda, ukubhala, ukubala, ukunciphisa inkumbulo nokunakwa, ikhono lokwenza izenzo.
- I-dementia ejulile. Kukhona ukudideka kwesikhala, ikhono lokuzikhandla lilahlekile. Iziguli ziyeka ukuhamba futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Izifo kanye nokungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-cerebral kuholela ekufeni kwesiguli.
Isifo sika Pick - ukuxilongwa
Isifo se-peak ezinyathelweni zokuqala sihambisana ngokuhambisana nezinye izifo zesimiso sezinzwa nezesifo sengqondo. Ngaphambi kokwelapha ukuwohloka komqondo okuncane, odokotela bacwaninga anamnesis, baxoxe ngezihlobo zeziguli futhi bahlole kahle indaba. Ukuxilongwa kwe-"Pick isifo" se-neuropathologists ngokuvamile kuvamise esigabeni sesibili sesi sifo, lapho izimpawu zokuqala zengeziwe ekuphuleni kwesigaba sokuqonda. Ukuxilongwa okungafani kwesifo se-Alzheimer kanye nesifo sikaPick kusekelwe ku-EEG, REG, i-transcranial ultrasound, izindlela ze-Echo-EG nezindlela ze-tomography.
Ukuvivinya ukugula komqondo okuncane
Nge-Pick's disease, kubika ukukhubazeka komsebenzi wezinqubo zokucatshangelwa kubonakala. Abanye bayaqaphela ukuthi isiguli sinempilo kakhulu, sinciphise ukunakwa nokucabanga.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusola kokugula komqondo okuncane nokuhlola izinga lezi zinqubo, isiguli singanikezwa izivivinyo ezimbili ezilula:
- Isithombe sewashi. Umuntu osekhulile unikezwa ukudweba i-watch. Ngokuvamile, isibalo kufanele sidonse wonke amadijithali wewashi, kufanele sitholakale ibanga elifanayo ukusuka komunye nomunye. Phakathi nendawo kufanele kube nephashazi ngemicibisholo ehlanganisiwe.
- Amazwi. Umuntu uceliwe ukubiza izitshalo nezilwane eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngomzuzu owodwa, noma ngamagama amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka encwadini ethile. Ngokuvamile, abantu bayabiza amagama angu-15-22 ngamagama ezitshalo noma izilwane namagama angu-12-16 ngamagama. Uma isiguli sigama ngamagama angaphansi kwezingu-10, unezinkinga zememori.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngokushayeka komqondo okuncane?
Isifo sika Pick, ukwelashwa okungakatholakali, kuyathuthuka ngokushesha futhi kuyingozi. Nakuba lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphulukiswa, ukuthuthuka kwayo kunganciphisa futhi kwenze impilo yomuntu ogulayo ikhululeke. Izihlobo zomuntu ogulayo zizodinga ukubekezela nokuqonda okuningi, ngoba ukucindezeleka kwesifo sikaPick kubonakala ngokucacile.
Isiguli esine-dementia sidinga ukunakekelwa kwamahora angu-24 nokuqondiswa ngenxa yendlela yokwenza i-vagrancy futhi yenza izenzo ezingezwani. Izihlobo ezinakekela isiguli kufanele ziqaphe ukudla kwemithi enqunyiwe, zihambisane nayo yonke imiyalelo kadokotela, zivikele isiguli emizweni nasekucindezelekeni, imisebenzi enomsindo, izimpikiswano.
Ukuwohloka komqondo okuphansi - udokotela okufanele afake isicelo?
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sika Pick zixosha izihlobo zesiguli ukuba zicabange ngokubonakala kwesifo sengqondo. Uma usola ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwe-"senile dementia," ukwelashwa, ukuhlolwa kweziguli ezinjalo, ukuqokwa kwezinyathelo zokuxilonga kanye nokucaciswa kokuxilongwa kwenzelwa isazi sezinzwa zegazi esivela inkambo yezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa yi-neurologist kanye nomqondo wezifo zengqondo.
Isifo sika Pick - izincomo zomtholampilo
Isifo se-Pick sivame ukudideka nesifo sikaNiemann Pick. Lezi zifo ezimbili zinemibono ephawulekayo yezibonakaliso futhi zifana namagama kuphela. Isifo se-Niemann Pick, esinezincomo zomtholampilo ezizohluka kakhulu ezinconyweni zesifo sikaPick, asisebenzi ezinkingeni ezingokomqondo futhi zitholakala ezinganeni. Ngokuphathelene nesifo sikaPick, kuneziphakamiso ezinjalo zomtholampilo:
- Ukwelashwa kufanele ukhethe umqondo wezifo zengqondo, ngokusekelwe ezinconyweni ze-neurologist.
- Ukusiza isimo sesiguli, izazi ze-psychologists kanye ne-psychotherapists kufanele zihileleke ekwelapheni.
- Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuyimpoqo, ngoba kusiza ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
- Esigabeni sokugcina, isimo somzimba wesiguli kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela: ngenxa yokungahambi kahle, izinkinga eziningi zingase zithuthuke.
Ukuwohloka komqondo okuncane - ukwelashwa, izidakamizwa
Isifo se-Peak sibhekisela ezifweni ezinonya ezingakwazi ukulungiswa. Ezimweni zokuqala zalesi sifo, isiguli siboniswa ngengqondo ye-psychotherapy, ukuvakashelwa ekuqeqeshweni kwengqondo, nokuqhubekela phambili kwesifo - ukwelashwa kwezobuciko, igumbi lokuzwa, ukulinganisa ubukhona. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sengqondo somuntu omncane ngemithi kuvumela ukunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, kodwa akusho ukuthi kunomphumela wokuphefumula. Umuthi wokwelashwa uhlanganisa:
- I-Memantine;
- anticholinesterase izidakamizwa: i-Galantamine, i-Choline alfoscerate, i-Donepezil, i- Rivastigmine;
- ama-nootropics: i-gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-Piracetam ne-Fonturacetam;
- antipsychotics uma ukuziphatha okubi kuveza: Chlorprotixen, Alimemazin.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukugwema ukugula komzimba?
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela isifo sika Pick azange zakhiwe kuze kube yilolu suku, ngoba azikho izimbangela eziqondile ezibangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuvimbela ukushada komqondo ngokwemvelo kusekelwe emithethweni eyaziwayo yokuphila okunempilo:
- ukudla okulinganiselayo, okugcwele zonke amavithamini namaminerali abalulekile;
- ukuphuza uketshezi okwanele;
- umsebenzi womzimba olinganiselayo;
- ukulinganisela ukulayishwa kwengqondo;
- Ukuba khona kombuthano wokuxhumana;
- imithwalo encane yokucindezeleka, imvelo ethule.