Indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela okukhulu komuntu omdala, kuye ngokuthi imbangela?

Isikhwama yisenzakalo esiyinkimbinkimbi esenzeka ngenxa yokucasuka kwephefumula ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle noma ngenxa yezifo. Ukubuza umbuzo, indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela okukhulu komuntu omdala, kufanele uqale uthole ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lokukhwehlela nokuthi kungani lwenzeka, ngoba ukukhetha indlela yokwelashwa kuxhomeke kulokhu.

Izinhlobo zokukhwehlela kubantu abadala - izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

Ukukhwehlela okunamandla kuvela ekuphenduleni umphumela wokupheka kokukhwehlela okutholakala endaweni ye-mucosa yezingxenye ezihlukene zendlela yokuphefumula, ngokuyinhloko i-trachea ne-bronchi. Inikeza ukuphefumula okujulile, ukuvalwa kwe-glottis ne-muscle tension, emva kwalokho ukuphuma komoya okuphumela ekuqhumeni kuqhunywe ngokukhululekile ngaphakathi kwe-chink yokuvula izwi. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlanza iphethri yokuphefumula ekuqoqeni ama-mucus, ama-pus noma amabandla angaphandle.

Ama-receptor ezincane angacasuka ngenxa yezici ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:

• ama-particle (izinhlayiya zothuli, i-stenosis, ukuvuvukala kwezitho zokuphefumula nezakhiwo eziseduze, i-aortic aneurysm, i-atrium eyandisiwe kwesokunxele, i-gland yegland)
• amakhemikhali (ukungena kwemithi enomsoco nokucasulayo, ukungenisa kwesisu esisendleleni yokuphefumula);
• ukushisa (ukushisa okubandayo noma umoya oshisayo, umusi);
• ukusabela okuvuthayo ezithombeni zomuthi wokuphefumula (i-edema, i-hyperemia, ukukhipha, ukwanda kwamaseli).

Uma unquma ukuthi ukwelapha kanjani ukukhwehlela okukhulu kumuntu omdala, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ukuhluka kwawo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi senzeke kanye nobude, amandla, ukukhiqiza (ubukhona be-sputum kanye nohlamvu lwayo), ukuphakama, ukulinganisa kulinganiselwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhomba ubuhlobo obukhona phakathi kokubonakala kokukhwehlela nokudla okudlayo, ukushuswa ngokwengqondo noma ezinye izici ezivusa amadlingozi, ukusungula ukuba khona kwezimpawu ezihambisanayo.

Ukukhwehlela okunomsoco omncane kumuntu omdala

Ukukhwehlela okunzima kakhulu ukukhwehlela okukhulu, okungenakukhiqiza, okwenzanga ukukhiqiza isikhukhula futhi okungekho ukuletha impumuzo. Lolu hlobo lweziguli ezikhwehlela lungabonakalisa njengezinto ezinzima, ezikhubazayo, eziqeda amandla, ezihambisana nezinzwa ezibuhlungu emphinjeni, izwi elizwakalayo. Ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela owomile kwenzeka nge-paroxysmally, futhi ukuhlaselwa kungashukunyiswa ngokukhuluma, ukuvula umoya obandayo noma ongcolisayo. Kunokuba uphathe ukukhwehlela okunomile oqinile, kuxhomeke kwizizathu, futhi kungaba okulandelayo:

• Ukuvuvukala okubhebhethekayo kwesimiso sokuphefumula (laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia nokunye);
• isifo sofuba ;
• ukusabela okweqile (ekhaya, ukudla, impova, i-epidermal kanye nezinye izici);
• ukuthatha imithi ethile (njengendlela yokusabela okubi);
• ukungena kwamagatsha angaphandle emgodini wokuphefumula;
• ukuphulukiswa kwamagesi okucasulayo (kuhlanganise nentuthu kagwayi);
• izifo ezithathelwanayo (isib, ascariasis kanye nokungena kwamagciwane e-helminth ku-bronchi);
• izifo zenhliziyo ("ukukhwehlela komzimba");
• isifo se-reflux esiswini ("ukukhwehlela kwesisu");
• ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid.

Ukukhwehlela okumanzi okukhulu

Ukukhwehlela okunamandla kakhulu nokukhishwa kwesikhuphuka ngokuvamile kubeka esikhundleni sokukhwehlela owomile ngamathambo wokuphefumula okuphefumulayo, okubhekwa esikhathini sokuqala salezi zifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zokukhwehlela okumanzi kubantu abadala zingase zihlotshaniswe nezifo ezilandelayo:

• i-rhinitis, i- sinusitis ;
• i-asthma ye-bronchial;
• isifo sofuba;
• ukungezwani komzimba.

Ngohlobo lwe-sputum, ungasungula ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu:

• inqwaba - i-tracheitis, i-bronchitis enzima;
• i-viscous, i-dense, ayitholakali kalula - i-asthma ye-bronchial;
• kanye nokuqukethwe kwamagciwane we-pus - bacterial, abscess lung;
• nge-mix mix of blood - isifo sofuba;
• nge-"rusty" hue - pneumonia.

Ukukhwehlela okukhulu nomkhuhlane

Inkinga yangempela esikhathini esibandayo sonyaka kunokwelapha ukukhwehlela okukhulu komuntu omdala, ephelezelwa nomkhuhlane. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukukhombisa ukutheleleka kwegciwane lomzimba lapho umzimba ulwa khona, kuhlanganise nokuphendula kwawo okuvikelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ephakeme izinga lokushisa, amangqamuzana avikelayo asetshenziswayo, aphikisana nokuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, ungasheshi ukuletha phansi izinga lokushisa, uma umuntu evame ukubekezelela.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, kukhona ukukhwehlela okunamandla ngaphambi kokuhlanza. Indlela yokwakhiwa kwe-reflex ye-emetic ekwenzeni ukukhwehlela ihlotshaniswa nokucasuka kwamamukeli we-peripheral asekudongeni komphimbo. Lapho lezi zindawo zicasuliwe ukukhwehlela okuqinile, izimpawu zithunyelwa ebuchosheni, lapho ulwazi ludluliselwa khona ngezingcingo zesisindo se-vagus ukuze kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwe-diaphragm ne-musculature yemisipha ye-pharynx. Ngakho-ke ekugqeni kokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela kukhona ukuhlanza. Isimo esinjalo senzeke kubantu ababhema kakhulu, abanezifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo, ukukhwehlela.

Ukukhwehlela okukhulu ngaphandle komkhuhlane

Uma ukukhwehlela okunzima ngaphandle kokushisa kumuntu omdala, ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhipha i-pathologies ehlaselayo. Kodwa-ke, isibonakaliso esinjalo singase sibonise izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezingapheli esimisweni sokuphefumula, lapho umzimba ungaphenduli khona ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Izifo ezithathelwanayo, izifo ze-digestive, i-endocrine nezinhlelo ze-cardiovascular ezibonakaliswa ukukhwehlela komkhuhlane azihambisani nokushisa. Phakathi kwezimbangela kungase kube ukukhwehlela kobuchopho be-neurogenic (psychogenic), obonakala kungemuva kwe-overstrain yengqondo.

Ukukhwehlela okuqinile ebusuku

Uma kukhona ukukhwehlela okuqinile kumuntu omdala ebusuku, imbangela ingase ibe ukucasuka kwe-sputum yokuqoqa emanzini enezifo zokuphefumula. Ukukhwehlela owomile angeke kukhishwe isifo senhliziyo - ukukhubazeka, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo nezinye. Isici esihlukile sokuthi "ukukhwehlela kwenhliziyo" kungukuthi lapho kungekho khona, futhi ebusuku kukhona ukuhlukunyezwa, okuhlobene nokuphulwa kwegazi kanye nokwehla kwegazi emaphashini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhwehlela ubusuku kutholakala ezigulini ezine-reflux isifo somzimba, ikakhulukazi uma udla ngaphambi kokulala.

Izimbangela zokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kubantu abadala

Uma ukuhlaselwa okunzima kokukhwehlela kungadluli isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ngenxa yokwelashwa okungenele noma okunganele ngokwanele kwesifo esibangela lesi sibonakaliso. Kungase kube nezifo ezihlukahlukene ezingelapheki - kokubili lezo ezihambisana nesistimu yokuphefumula nalabo okubandakanya ukunqotshwa kwamanye amalungu. Ukukhwehlela okungahambi kahle kuvame ukubhekwa kubantu ababhemayo, abantu abanezifo zomsebenzi zesimiso sokuphefumula futhi abahlala esifundeni esingenasimilo esingenasimo.

Ngaphambi kokwelapha ukukhwehlela okunzima kumuntu omdala, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela futhi uhlaziye isifo semvelo, ngoba lokhu kungaba ukubonakaliswa kwezifo ezinjalo eziyingozi njenge:

• isifo sofuba;
• umdlavuza;
• ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi;
• i-asthma;
• isifo se-pulmonary obstructive ;
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• aspergillosis.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngokukhwehlela okuqinile?

Ukuze uthole ukuthi yini okufanele ukhathaze ukukhwehlela okukhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imbangela yayo, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi kungenziwa kuphela ngosizo lwabachwepheshe. Uma ungakayifaki ukuxilongwa nokuzivocavoca, ungathuthukisa isimo, uqalise uhlelo olusathuthuka lokuthi umuntu ongenayo imfundo yezokwelapha ayikwazi ukuqagela. Ngakho-ke, isisombululo esifanele kunazo zonke kuyoba ikheli lokuqala kudokotela ozobeka indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela okuqinile.

Indlela yokususa ukuhlaselwa kokukhwehlela kumuntu omdala?

Ezimweni lapho kuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela okukhulu okuhambisana ne-blanching ebukhali, izinguquko ezinkingeni zenhliziyo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuphelelwa amandla, kufanele ubize i-ambulensi. Uma ukuhlaselwa kubangelwa ukuphefumula kwesifo sofuba, kanti isiguli siyazi ukuthi kukhona ukutholakala kwalesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa imithi enqunywe udokotela ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela (inhaler). Kunezindlela eziningi ezingezona izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ukukhwehlela okuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwesistimu yokuphefumula:

• baphuze itiye elifudumele, amanzi noma ubisi nge-sips encane;
• hlaya ngokucophelela isisinkwa sesinkwa bese ugwinya (kusiza nge-sputum encane);
• ukuchitha noma iyiphi i-candy, engcono nge-mint, i-eucalyptus, i-sage.

Ukulungiselela ukukhwehlela

Lapho ukhetha imithi, kunokwelapha omkhuhlane owomile noma omanzi kumuntu omdala, udokotela ucabangela idatha etholakale ngemuva kokukhuphuka kwemaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi, ukuxilongwa kwe-x-ray, ukuhlaziywa kwe-sputum, negazi. Imithi ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihambisana nokuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela, ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu alandelayo:

• i-mucolytics (i-phlegm) e-acetylcysteine, i-bromhexine, i-ambroxol, i-chymotrypsin;
• i-expectorant (ivuse ukuhamba kwe-mucus) - i-thermopsis, izimpande ze-althea, i-licorice, i-thyme yemifino;
• antitussive (ukuvimbela i-reflex yokukhwehlela) - amaphilisi avela ekukhwehleleni nge-codeine, i-butamate, i-ethylmorphine;
• bronchodilators (khipha bronchospasm) - salbutamol, theophylline, berodual.

Inhalation yesikhumba

Indlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha ezimweni eziningi i- inhalation , esiza ukuletha imithi ngqo endaweni yokuvuvukala, ukucwilisa ama-membrane emangcwabeni okuphefumula nokuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kwe-sputum. Ukuze inqubo ifiseke ukusebenzisa amadivayisi wanamuhla - ama-nebulizers. Ikhambi le-inhalation kusuka ekukhwehleleni likhethwe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesifo. Ngokuvamile, amathuluzi alandelayo asetshenziswa:

• usawoti, amanzi amaminerali;
• i-bronchodilators (i-Berotek, i-Ventolin);
• i-mucolytics (i-Ambrobene, i-ATSTS);
• izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala (Pulmicort, Kromogeksal);
• ama-antiseptics (i-Miramistin, i-Dioxydin).

Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela ngamakhambi omuntu

Phakathi kwezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zabantu kungabonakala ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela nebhanana noju - indlela elula futhi ebiza imali, esebenza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela. Umuthi onjalo ohlwaya uzuzisa isenzo sakhe esikhukhulayo, sokunciphisa, esiphikisana nokuvuvukala, inqwaba yezici zezinto zokulandelela namavithamini.

I-prescription isho

Izithako :

• ibhanana - isiqephu 1;
• uju - 1 ithisipuni. isipuni.

Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa

1. Mash the banana nge-mash.
2. Engeza uju.
3. Beka ukubunjwa ngomlilo ophuthumayo bese ubilisa, uvuselele njalo.
4. Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-5-10, lapho ingxube iphenduka igolide elimnyama, cisha umlilo.
5. Thatha izikhathi ezine ngosuku ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla noma ihora ngemva kokudla.
6. Inkambo yokwelashwa yizinsuku ezingu-7-10.

Ukukhwehlela okuqinile ngesikhathi ukhulelwe

Owesifazane ozayo kufanele aqaphele ikakhulukazi ekukhetheni izindlela, indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela okukhulu. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izidakamizwa eziningi kule nkathi ziphikisana, kufanele ziqondiswe kabanzi ngezindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa, indlela yokuphulukisa ukukhwehlela okuqinile, phakathi kwazo esizobeka kuzo izincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukulondoloza i-microclimate enhle ekamelweni (umswakama omkhulu cishe ngo-60%, izinga lokushisa lomoya liyi-18-20 ° C).
2. Sebenzisa amanzi amaningi afudumele (ashisayo).
3. I-inhalation isisombululo saline, amanzi amaminerali.
4. Hlanza umhombo nge-decoctions yemithi.