Isitayela sobuKoloni ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo nangaphakathi kwangaphakathi kwekhulu le-XVI, ngenkathi ukunqoba amazwe amasha ngabaseYurophu - e-Asia, e-Afrika naseMelika. Imikhumbi yaseSpain, yaseBrithani neyesiFulentshi yathunyelwa ekufuneni amasimu amasha nemithombo yemithombo. Ngokuvamile abanqobi bahlala emakoloni nemindeni yabo. Ngakho kwakukhona isitayela sekoloni, esekelwe ekuqalisweni kwamasiko - abakholoni abalethela induduzo nobuhle baseYurophu, futhi kubantu bendawo ababoleka amasiko angaphandle kanye nama-original motifs.
Ngokuya ngobuzwe bamakholoni kanye nendawo yamakholoni, isitayela sekoloniyali esakhiweni nesakhiwo sinezinhlobo eziningana: isiNgisi esinobuLonic nesihle, isiFulentshi esithakazelisayo, isiSpanishi esinobuhle, isiDutch esibi kakhulu futhi sivimbela isitayela saseMelika sekolonial.
Namuhla isitayela se-colonial ngaphakathi singakhethwa ngabantu abaqinile emoyeni abanezimfuno eziphezulu zokuhlelwa kwezinhloso. Futhi, ingaphakathi lekoloni kufanelekile kubantu abahamba kakhulu futhi balethe inani elikhulu lemikhumbuzo kusuka kohambo ngalunye. Endlini yesitayela sobukholoni, zonke lezi zikhumbuzo ngeke zithole indawo yazo kuphela, kodwa zizogcizelela ngokucacile ukungavamile kwezinto zangaphakathi.
Izici Ezijwayelekile Zengaphakathi LamaKoloni
Naphezu kwemehluko eyinhloko emkhatsini wamasiko ase-Asia, eNingizimu Afrika nase-Afrika, zonke izindlu zaseKoloni zinezici eziningi ezivamile. Owokuqala kubo - isikhala esikhulu samahhala endlini - amakamelo avulekile, amafasitela amakhulu. Futhi ekwakheni amakamelo okuklama asetshenziswa izikrini namaqephu. Lapho udala ingaphakathi lekoloni, izinto zokwakheka kuphela ezisetshenziswayo - izinkuni, isikhumba, itshe, izembatho, ubumba, ubhedu. Ihambisana nemibala yemvelo nemibala yezwe langaphakathi. Isitayela sangaphakathi sobuKoloni sibonakala nge-shades yegolide, i-oliva eluhlaza, i-terracotta, umbala wesihlahla esidala kanye nabanye.
Imfanelo edingekayo yesitayela sekoloni ezingaphakathi kukhona izesekeli ezingavamile - amasongo ase-Afrika, imifanekiso ye-bronze neye-ceramic, izimpondo zezilwane ezindongeni, amapuleti okuhlobisa, amapaneli odonga, izikrini, amaphepheni agqamile nemigwaqo. Izitshalo ezingavamile nezindwangu zezandla zomzimba ziphelele ekudaleni isimo esithile sekoloni endlini.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yendawo yangaphakathi yekoloniyimu ingqikithi okuthiwa "bestial". Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukusondela nokuthembeka kangakanani ubuhlobo bomuntu onombono wasempumalanga ezilwaneni. Ngakho-ke, izithombe zezilwane akufanele zivele ngesimo sezesekeli kuphela, kodwa futhi zinikeze ifenisha. Imilenze yezihlalo kanye namatafula zenziwa ngendlela yezingonyama zezingonyama, futhi ikhanda lengonyama yethusi liyoba umhlobiso omuhle, isibonelo, endaweni yokucima umlilo.
| | | |
Igumbi lokuhlala ngesitayela sekoloni
Inzuzo eyinhloko isitayela sekoloni engaphakathi kungabikho kwemingcele eqinile nemithetho - ungahlanganisa izinkomba ezahlukene nezinto ezivela ezitayela ezahlukene. Isimo esisodwa singokwemvelo kwezinto zokwakha kanye nombala webala, ohambisana nemibala kanye nemithunzi yezilwane zasendle. Ukuze uthole igumbi lokuphumula ngesitayela sekoloni, ifenisha elincane, eliqinile elinama-austere amahle kakhulu. Umqondo omuhle wesitayela sekoloniyali yizihlalo ze-wicker nezihlalo zamasheya ezihlotshiswe ngemithwalo. Ifenisha enjalo ingafakwa kokubili egumbini lokuphumula nase-veranda. Ifenisha ye-Wicker yenza umoya ozolile nokuzolile endlini.
| | | |
Igumbi lokulala endlini yesitayela sekoloni
Ukuze igumbi lokulala ngesitayela sobukhosi lizodinga umbhede omkhulu okhuni. Iqoqo lefenisha yekamelo lokulala ekwakhekeni kololoni lizohambisana nekhabethe elihle elinamaphiko amathathu, itafula lokugqoka, itafula lombhede, itafula lokugqoka kanye nezihlalo zokugqoka ezinezingodo zokugqoka. Ukugcina izinto, amathumbu amapulangwe noma ama-wicker amnandi, ahlanganisa isitayela sokuphila kwamakholoni amakhulu e-16th-17th. Okuqakathekileko kwegumbi lokulala ngesitayela sekoloniyali kuzokufihla phansi.
| | | |
