I-Saudi Arabia yizwe elivamile le-Peninsula yase-Arabia, ngoba linendawo engu-80% yalo lonke indawo. Ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esomile, izimila ezimbi kanye nezindawo eziningi ezigwadule. Kodwa-ke, ama-exotics aseMiddle East awakhanga izivakashi ezifuna ukwazi izwe elinjalo elingavamile. Ake sithole ukuthi uhlobo lwe-Saudi Arabia lunikeza abahambi.
I-Geography
I-Saudi Arabia yizwe elivamile le-Peninsula yase-Arabia, ngoba linendawo engu-80% yalo lonke indawo. Ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esomile, izimila ezimbi kanye nezindawo eziningi ezigwadule. Kodwa-ke, ama-exotics aseMiddle East awakhanga izivakashi ezifuna ukwazi izwe elinjalo elingavamile. Ake sithole ukuthi uhlobo lwe-Saudi Arabia lunikeza abahambi.
I-Geography
I-Saudi Arabia yindawo enhle kakhulu enendawo yamakhilomitha ayizi-1,960,582 square. km. Umbuso uthatha indawo engu-12 kulezilinganiso kule nkomba. Kodwa-ke, iningi lalo lihlala ngamahlane nezindawo zasemadolobheni, lapho kuphela abantu baseBedouin abahlala khona abahlala khona. Lapho, ngendlela, akuyona into engavamile ukwenza izivakashi ezimbi kakhulu izihambi ezifuna ukwazi. Amadolobha amakhulu akhiwe ikakhulukazi emaphandleni - empumalanga nasentshonalanga.
Ukukhulula
I-Saudi Arabia ebalazweni lemvelo yomhlaba ibhalwe yizinhlelo ezimbili zezintaba - i-Hijaz ne-Asher. Bendlala ngasogwini loLwandle Olubomvu. Enyakatho yezwe kukhona inhlanzi ye-El Hamad, enkabeni - i- Nepif Enkulu ngezinhlabathi zombala obomvu. Eningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga kunesidumbu esikhulu seRub al-Khali , futhi izihlabathi zazo, ngaphezu kwalokho, aziqedi ngokunembile umngcele ophakathi kweSaudi Arabia neYemen. Ugu lwasePersian Gulf lungumhlaba ophansi okuthiwa i-El-Khasa.
Isimo sezulu
Indawo yokuhlala yase-Arabia inqume isimo sayo sezulu - ezishisayo eningizimu naseningizimu esenyakatho. Ebusika kufudumele lapha, futhi ehlobo kushisa kakhulu. Ukushisa okuphakathi kukaJulayi ezweni lonke kuhluka kusuka ku +26 ° С kuya ku +42 ° С, kodwa enhlokodolobha kwakukhona amacala lapho ikholomu ye-thermometer idlula +50 ° С! Ngaphandle kokubusa jikelele yizintaba, lapho iqhwa liwela khona ebusika futhi kukhona ukushisa kwe-subzero.
Ukunciphisa ngonyaka kudonsa kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-100 ml. Emagqumeni, kwenzeka njalo, futhi inkangala yeRub-al-Khali eminyakeni embalwa ayinakuwela phansi kwemvula. Kodwa kaningi kunezinhlabathi ezinothuli nezihlabathi - isishayo sangempela sase-Arabia.
Imithombo yemvelo
I-oli yingcebo enkulu yezwe langaphakathi. Lapha, inqwaba yezinqolobane zayo zomhlaba igxile. Yile nsiza eyenza i-Saudi Arabia ukuthi iyini manje - isimo esicebile esendaweni engu-14 ngokweGDP. Kodwa-ke, lawo ma-hydrocarboni ayigugu anesakhiwo sokuphela, futhi isikhathi sizofika lapho izimpahla zamafutha ziyophela. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka eminyakeni engu-70.
Mayelana nobungozi bokubuyiselwa kobumpofu, ababusi baseSaudi Arabia manje balwela ukuhlukahluka komnotho wabo, okungukuthi, ukuthuthukisa ezinye imikhakha engaxhunywanga ngokukhiqizwa kwamafutha, ukucubungula nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Mayelana nalokhu, ngo-2013, ngaphambili okwakungekho ezweni, lelizwe lavula ngisho nemingcele yazo kwabavakashi. Ngendlela, amanye amandla kawoyela - i- United Arab Emirates , i- Oman , neBahrain - yenza okufanayo.
I-Flora
Imvelo yemifino yaseSaudi Arabia iyimpofu kakhulu. Imelelwe ikakhulukazi izitshalo zasemgwaqeni kanye ne-semidesert. Lapha ungabona:
- ithole lamamela;
- i-lichens;
- iTamariski;
- izihlahla ze-gapofitnye;
- izihlahla zasendle;
- i-acacia;
- ama-alimondi.
E-oases, imvelo ihluke kakhulu: igcwele usuku lwezintendeni, i-banana kanye ne-citrus groves.
Izinhlanzi zase-Saudi Arabia
Izwe lesilwane lapha lihluke kakhulu kunezimila. E-Arabian expanses zihlala eziphilayo eziye zavumelana ukuphila ezimweni ezinzima ezifana nokushisa nokuntuleka kokudla kwezitshalo. Phakathi kwabo:
- imbuzi yaseNubian;
- I-Arabian antelope oryx;
- AmaDamans nama-gazelle;
- izimpisi, izimpungushe, ama-hyenas;
- i-fox-fennel;
- imbongolo yasendle;
- i-caracal.
Futhi kunezinambuzane eziningi nezinambuzane. I-Ornithofauna imelelwa ama-eagles, ama-vultures, falcons, kites, bustards, larks, izigwaca.
Ungayithanda imvelo yasendle yaseSaudi Arabia kwenye yezinqolobane zayo zemvelo. Abavakashi abaningi baya eNational Park yase-Asir nasesiqhingini saseFarasan ngalokhu .
Amanzi
Akukho cishe imifula ezweni. Zivela kuphela ngenkathi yemvula futhi zome ngokushesha kakhulu, zilahlekelwa enhlabathini. Esikhathini sonke isikhathi lokhu kuphela umfula owomile - wadi - lapho ungavakashela khona ukuvakasha. Ngakho-ke, e-Saudi Arabia, njengase-Oman, umthombo oyinhloko wetshezi yokuphuza uphelelwa ngamanzi olwandle.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona emahlane ase-Arabia nama-oases anezinsiza ezintsha. Lapho, lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba efika khona, futhi imizi eminingi igxile. Amanzi asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izidingo zobuchwepheshe, kufaka phakathi ezolimo - ngokumangalisayo, kodwa eSaudi Arabia kunamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili nambili. km wezwe elihlwanyelwe. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi kuleli zwe elinesimo sezulu nesomiso kungenzeka ukuba uhlanganyele embonini yezolimo, kodwa kunjalo. Lapha sikhule ikhofi, ibhali, i-millet, ummbila kanye nelayisi! Ukusebenzisa ukuchelela sebenzisa izinhlelo zokunisela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezondla emithonjeni namadamu.
I-Coast
Inzuzo eyinhloko yemvelo yaseSaudi Arabia, eyaziwa yizivakashi, ukufinyelela kwayo olwandle. Insimu yezwe ihlanjwe uLwandle Olubomvu (entshonalanga) kanye nePersian Gulf (enyakatho-mpumalanga). Ezingxenyeni zombili kukhona izindawo zokungcebeleka ogwini, izivakashi ezihambela amazwe angaphandle ithuba lokudoba, ukugada, ukudoba nokunye ukuzijabulisa. Lapha, abagibeli bamaholide balinde amaza ashisayo afudumele, athambile, ahlanzekile futhi awanamabhishi amaningi .