Urethra kwabesifazane

I-urethra, noma ngenye indlela i-urethra, iyisigungu sesistimu ye-urinary ngesimo se-tube lapho umchamo udonswa khona ngaphandle kwesisu.

Ubude be-urethra kubantu besifazane bukhulu kakhulu kunalokho kwabesilisa. I-urethra yesifazane inesisindo sobubanzi obungamamitha ayisigamu nesigamu nobude obungamamentimitha amane.

Uphi i-urethra yabesifazane nesakhiwo sayo

Isibilini sinokuvula kwangaphakathi kwe-urethra. Ngokuqhubeka nalesi siteshi sidlulela isifenqo se-urogenital futhi siphela ngokuvula kwangaphandle okukhona emgqeni wesifazane, onomumo ohlangene futhi ozungezwe ngamaphethelo angama-cylindrical. Ubuso obuseduze be-urethra buxhuma odongeni lwesifazane futhi bufana nalo.

Ukuphuma kwangaphandle kwe-urethra kunciphile, kuyilapho i-urethra yangaphakathi ilula, ivuliwe, futhi imise okwesikhumba. Ubude bonke be-urethra buzungeze izinhlayiya ze-urethral ezikhiqiza i-mucus.

I-urethra ihlanganisa ama-sphincters amabili: angaphandle nangaphakathi, okusebenza kwawo kugcina umchamo.

I-urethra ikhiqizwe izicubu ezixhumene nazo, ezinomqondo ohlukile ezindaweni ezingefani zalesi sitho. Udonga lwe-urethra luboniswa ngendwangu yamangqamuzana kanye namagundane emisipha. I-membrane yamangcwaba ihlanganiswe ngeziqephu eziningana ze-epithelium, futhi i-membrane ye-muscular iqukethe izintambo ezinwebekayo, isiyingi kanye nengqimba yangaphandle yemisipha ebushelelezi.

I-Microflora ye-urethra yabesifazane

Kumfazi omdala onempilo, i-microflora ye-urethra iboniswa ikakhulukazi i-lactobacilli, kanye nesifo se-epidermal nesafrophytic staphylococci. Ku-urethra yesifazane, i- bifidobacteria (kufika ku-10%) kanye ne-peptostreptococci (kuze kufike ku-5%) ingaba khona. Leliqoqo lezincane ezincane libizwa nangokuthi i-Doderlein flora.

Kuncike eminyakeni yobudala besifazane, isimiso semingcele ye-microflora ye-urethral ihluka.

Izifo ze-urethra kwabesifazane

Izifo ze-urethra kwabesifazane zingahle zihlobene:

1. Ngokungahambi kahle kwe-urethra: ukungabi khona kwedonga elingemuva (hypospadias), ukungabi khona kodonga lwangaphakathi (epispadia). Baphathwa kuphela ngokuhlinzekwa kweplastiki.
2. Ngenqubo yokuvuvukala emgodini. Ukuvuvukala kwe-urethra kungenye indlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-urethritis futhi kubonakala kubesifazane abanenkinga, ukushisa nokusika ngaphakathi kwe-urethra. Ngokuvamile i-urethritis, eyenzeka ngendlela elula, ihlangene ne- endocervicitis ne-colpitis. Lesi sifo siphathwa nge-chemotherapy nemithi elwa namagciwane, kanye nokwehliswa kwezixazululo zokwelapha ku-urethra.
3. Nge-prolapse ye-urethra, okuyi-protrusion ye-canal emangcwabeni ngaphandle. Kulaba besifazane, lesi sifo sitholakala kaningi ekugugeni futhi singahlanganiswa nokushiywa kwesifazane. Isizathu salokhu kungumonakalo emisipha yosuku lwe-pelvic kanye ne-perineum enomsebenzi wesikhathi eside, ukulethwa, umsebenzi ohlala isikhathi eside, ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside, nokuxubana nokuqothulwa. Uma izindonga zamakhansela ziwela ngokuphawulekayo, ukungaxhunyiwe kwendandatho yodonga olugobile lokugwedla lisetshenziselwa ukwelapha lesi sifo.
4. Ngama-polyps - ama-tumor amancane, okwenziwa ngezindlela zokuhlinzwa.
5. Nge-fibromas, ama-angiomas, ama-myomas.
6. Ngama-kandilomas acacile, okuvame ukuthinta ukuphuma kwangaphandle kwe-urethra futhi futhi asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
7. Ngama-cysts e-paraurethral, ​​okuyizinhlayiya ezigcwele uketshezi ezitholakala eceleni kwengxenye yangaphandle ye-urethra, futhi zibonakala njengengxenye yokudonsa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesifazane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinhlayiya zivutha futhi zibangele ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane. Loluhlobo lwe-cyst luphathwa ngokususa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo.