Kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka, isizukulwane esidala satshela izingane zakudala, ama-epics, zonke izinhlobo zemifanekiso, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, azihlali nje kuphela izindlela zokuzijabulisa nokuzilibazisa, kodwa futhi nokudluliselwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kokuphila, imithetho yokuziphatha nezisekelo ezithuthukile emphakathini. Ukwelashwa kwe-tale kuyindlela yokwelapha.
Ukwelashwa kwezinganekwane - kuyini?
Lena yindlela evumela ukuthuthukisa amakhono okudala kumuntu, ukwandisa ukuqonda, ukufunda ukusebenzisana ngokubambisana nezwe elizungezile futhi kunqobe ukwesaba kwangaphakathi nezinkimbinkimbi. Imithi yokwelapha njengendlela yokulungiswa kwengqondo yafundwa yizazi eziningi zesazi-psychologist ezaziwayo - Freud, Zinkevich-Evstigneeva, Lisina, Vachkov, njll. Indaba yezinganekwane ibaluleke ngokukhethekile kwengane, ngoba indaba yeqhawe eyatshela ngesikhathi ingaba nomphumela ofanayo nokululekwa kwengqondo kumuntu omdala.
Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane ku-psychology
Ukwelapha inganekwane kuyasiza ochwepheshe ukuxazulula imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke. Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane ku-psychotherapy akuyona nje isiqondiso esikhethekile, kodwa ihlanganisa impumelelo yokufunda, isayensi yezokwelapha, i-psychotherapy, ifilosofi namasiko amasiko amaningi. Izinkinga ezihlukahlukene kunazo zonke zezingane nabantu abadala - ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuzihlukanisa, ukuphosa, ukwesaba kanye nabanye kubangelwa ukulungisa inganekwane. Indima ekhethekile empilweni yengqondo idlalwa isichazamazwi. Kusukela esimweni esifanayo sokufanisa, ukuphumelela kwe-narcotic therapy kuncike.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iklayenti ngayinye, uhlobo olufanele inkinga yalo lukhethiwe: indaba yombonisi, indaba yothando, inganekwane, njll, epic, inganekwane, njll. Uma usebenza nengane, akudingeki ukuba uhlaziye noma yini bese udweba iziphetho: umsebenzi uyenzeka ngokungaqondakali, ezingeni eliphakathi. Kulesi simo, ochwepheshe ngeke aqede izimpawu zenkinga, kodwa isizathu salokhu yilokho okuyinzuzo enkulu yokwelapha inganekwane.
Imithi yezinganekwane - izinhlobo zezinganekwane
Amathekisthi ahlukaniswe ngohlobo, ngezinkinga zezingane ngabanye, njll. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-skazko-therapy ziyahlukaniswa:
- izinkolelo zama-didactic;
- ingqondo yokulungisa;
- i-psychotherapeutic;
- ukuzindla.
E.D. I-Zinkevich-Evstigneeva ihlanganisa kulolu hlu futhi ngabantu, ubuciko, ukukhiqizwa kwabantu bombhali. Ngezinganekwane nezintandokazi ezithandwayo, lapho imilingo nezimangaliso ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa ngokomoya , izilwane ziveza ububele, futhi zonke izindaba ze-horror zisiza ukulungiselela nokuphikelela ukubekezelela usizi lokuphila. Imisebenzi yobuciko iqukethe konke okuhlangenwe nakho nokuphumelela kwezizukulwane ezedlule, futhi izinto ezibhalwe ngabalobi zisiza labo abalahlekelwe ithemba futhi aboni indlela yokuphuma kule simo.
Izindabakwane zengqondo
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zezinganekwane zithatha imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Phakamisa ingane. Ngomuntu ozwile, ingane ifunda ukuhlala emphakathini, ithatha imithetho nemigomo yokuziphatha eyamukelekile emphakathini, ifaka ukuziphatha okudingekayo.
- Izindinganiso zengqondo kubantu abadala zifundisa umthwalo wemfanelo, ukukhuthazela ebusweni bokuhlupheka, ukunakekela abanye. Phela, ezindabeni ezinjalo, okuhle njalo kunqoba okubi, kodwa i-protagonist kufanele isebenze kanzima ukwenza iqiniso liphumelele.
- Ziyithuluzi le-normative - okulandayo. Kulokhu, umlaleli ubeka indaba ngokuphila komunye umuntu kwiskripthi sakhe siqu, okwenza imodeli efanele yokuziphatha.
- I-Psychotherapy. Ukwelashwa kwethebula kusiza umuntu ukuba aqede izinkinga, ama-phobias kanye nokwesaba .
Amathekisthi e-Psychotherapeutic
Lezi zindaba zembula incazelo ejulile yalezi zenzakalo, kusize ukubheka isimo ngenye indlela. Ngeke bahlale bejabula ngokuphela kwesikhathi, kepha lokho okushoyo kungenwa njalo nokuqonda. Izindlela ezinjalo zokwelapha inganekwane zenza umuntu acabange ngencazelo yokuphila, isimo sengqondo kwezihlobo kanye nesigamu sabo sesibili, izinkinga zokufa kanye nokunye, njll. Isazi sisebenzisa izindaba ezinjalo kulezo zimo lapho amanye amasu angokwengqondo anganiki umphumela. Ngokufilosofiza ngesihloko esikhethiwe kungenzeka ukufezekisa umphumela oyifunayo.
Amathekisthi okulungisa ama-Psycho
Le ndlela isisiza ingane ukuba iqaphele inkinga yakhe futhi ithole indlela eyakhayo yokuphuma kuyo. Lapho udala indaba, kusekelwe enkingeni efanayo, kodwa hhayi ngqo efana neyatholakala kakade. Ngenkathi elandelwayo, okuhlangenwe nakho okubambe iqhaza kuyaphuma, okuyinto isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esinikeza ingane ukuxazulula inkinga yakhe. Labo abanesithakazelo siphi uhlobo lwezinganekwane ochwepheshe abasebenzisa, ungaphendula ukuthi endabeni i-protagonist ihlale ibhekene nenkinga efanayo nengane. Ngenxa yalokho, uthola isinqumo esifanele, ubhekane nobunzima futhi udonse isifundo ezenzweni zakhe.
Izindaba zokuzindla
Igama lakho kakade lilula ukuqonda ukuthi izindaba ezinjalo zihambisana nokuzindla. Bafundwa, benza izimo ezithile: ngokufaka ukukhanya, kuhlanganise nomculo ofanele ukuphumula futhi ukuthatha indawo ekhululekile. Le ndlela ye-skazkoterapii ikuvumela ukuba uzicwilise ngokugcwele enkambisweni yokuqoqa isipiliyoni esihle esibucayi, ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo nokudala imodeli engcono yezobudlelwane, ukuthuthukisa ikhono lomuntu siqu. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo lwezinganekwane kukhona ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwamaqhawe nobubi.
Indaba ye-Didactic
Lolu hlobo luyinto elula kakhulu futhi engabonakali. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa lapho usebenza nezingane zasenkulisa nabantwana besikole abancane. Izindlela skazkoterapii kuleli cala, uphishekele umgomo wokunikeza ingane ikhono elisha, ulwazi noma ikhono. Ukulungisa umphumela kusiza umsebenzi omncane ingane eyenzayo ekhaya. Amathekisthi e-Didactic angakhiwa ngabantu abadala, isibonelo, bakhulume ngesidingo sokuzivikela. Kodwa ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ngokuphathelene nezingane, esiza ukufunda ukuhlonipha nokuhlakanipha, ukuqonda imithetho yomgwaqo, njll.
Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane kubantu abadala
Ungasebenza ngendaba yezinganekwane ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene:
- Xoxa nge-epic kakade ekhona.
- Bhala indaba yezinganekwane.
- Ukufanisa indaba evele ibhaliwe. Okusho ukuthi, idlale njengenkundla yaseshashalazini.
- Bonisa imizwelo yakho ngephepha, shayela kanye nopende.
Ukwelashwa kwezinganekwane njengendlela ye-psychocorrection kubambelela kakhulu ekubhaleni, okuthiwa yizindaba zamakhasimende. Kule ndaba, indaba ngokwayo ibhalwa ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Slowdown . Le nqubo yokudala yakhelwe ukuzola futhi imise umuntu ukuthi abhale indaba. Isazi sengqondo singamnikeza ukuphazamiseka okuncane bese udweba isithombe, enze isicelo noma asebenze ngobumba. Tune kusiza futhi ufunde indaba ekhethiwe ngokukhethekile.
- Ukubhala indaba . Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane ukudluliselwa ngqo ephepheni lemizwelo yakho, imizwa, okuhlangenwe nakho okuvezwe ngendlela yokudala imilingo.
- Ukufunda indaba, ukuphela . Ngalesi sigaba, iklayenti lifunda indaba yakhe kuchwepheshe, futhi emva kwalokho baqonda ukuthi indaba iyini, ukuthi yini umuntu ayifunayo ukusho.
Izibonelo zamatheksthi abadala:
- I-Tale ye-Star Star.
- Umlando Wombuso Wezintathu.
I-psychology yesisulu ngu-skazkoterapiya kubantu abadala
Kunezincwadi eziningi namasu abasebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezinganekwane njengesizo kubantu abanesimo sengqondo ngokuziphatha komuntu ohlukunyeziwe. Ukwelapha okunjalo kwamantombazane kwabesifazane kunesithakazelo esikhethekile. Umbhali owaziwayo uMnuz Odintsov wabiza ngokuthi incwadi yakhe: "Psychology of the victim. Imithi yokwelapha yezinganekwane ยป. Emsebenzini wakhe, uchaza lo mqondo "wezisulu", uchaza indlela imodeli yokuziphatha enjalo egcizelela ngayo amandla akho, engavumeli ukuthuthukisa nokukhula. Inhloso yokwelapha inganekwane ukunqoba ukuhlukumeza kwengqondo nokufaka izinga elisha elakhayo lokudala ubuciko.
Ukwelashwa kwezinganekwane - ukuzethemba
Abantu abangaqiniseki bamane abanolwazi, ngoba ukungaqiniseki ukungazi. Kodwa-ke, uqondise ngokuqondile imithetho yokuziphatha uthi: "Yenzani lokhu futhi niyenze", akunakwenzeka, ngoba izobangela ukubuyela emuva. Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane nabantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane ukukhuthaza umuntu ukuba ashintshe. Indaba yezinganekwane ayibekeli lutho futhi ayisho, kodwa ivele ihlinzeke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuxazulula inkinga.
Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane ebhizinisini
Umkhuba wokwelapha inganekwane uveza izithelo hhayi kuphela kwimfundo, kwengqondo, kodwa nasemisebenzini yobuchwepheshe. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuqeqesha kanye nama-seminar, izazi zibalula njengezibonelo ezifundisa ukuxhumana nabalingani nabalingani. Ukubaluleka kokwelashwa kwezinganekwane kuhlale kuphakeme, ngoba kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokwenza ibhizinisi. Imibhalo yezinganekwane ibonisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokusebenzisana, kusize ukuqonda ukubhujiswa kwamasu okuxhaphaza, njll Ngosizo lwabo, ungakha uhlobo lomuntu siqu neqembu, ukukhuthaza umkhiqizo wakho noma isevisi emakethe.
Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane - izincwadi
Izincwadi ezidumile zihlanganisa:
- "Ukwelashwa Kwamathambo Efeya: Ukuthuthukisa Ukuziqaphela Ngokweqhinga Lengqondo" Vachkova . Izincwadi zakhe ezithinta izintambo zezingane zihloselwe othisha, izibalo ze-psychotherapists, abafundi. Basiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono amakhono, bona iphupho, bathole ulwazi oluzosiza empilweni.
- "Amathekisthi nezinkondlo" by D. Sokolov . Le ncwadi yabhalwa ngumhlengikazi ngomsebenzi kanye nomdlali wezindaba ngokuphila. Izindaba ezitshelwe zisekelwe ezindabeni zengqondo kanye namasu okusebenza kwengqondo, okushiwo umbhali ngokwakhe. Eziningi zazo zazisetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokwelapha wangempela neziguli.
- "Amathekisthi kanye nemidlalo ye-Psychotherapeutic" Chernyaeva . Le ncwadi iqukethe izindaba ezinhle futhi izincomo zokusebenza ngokusebenza nabo. Izibonelo zemisebenzi kanye nezincazelo zamageyimu angasetshenziswa ku-psychotherapy. Imithi yokwelapha inganekwane ingasiza abazali abanezinkinga ezinganeni, izazi zengqondo, othisha, njll.