Muva nje, eminyakeni engaba ngu-60 eyedlule, kwaba khona ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwenhliziyo. Ngiyabonga, isifo esinjenge-mitral valve prolapse sibonakalisiwe - siyini, futhi yini eyingozi le nqubo yezokwelapha iqhutshwa kuze kube manje. Intshisekelo yokwandiswa kwezifo ezibangelwa i-pathology ngenxa yokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola izimbangela kanye nezinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kwayo.
Iyini inkinga ye-bivalve noma i-mitral valve yenhliziyo, futhi ibonakala kanjani?
Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi yini i-valve mitral ngokwayo.
Phakathi kwe-atrium kanye ne-ventricle yengxenye engakwesokunxele yenhliziyo yi-septa ngesimo sezingcezu ezivela emathangeni ahlangene. Lona i-valve mitral, equkethe ama-valves amabili aguquguqukayo - ngaphambili nangemuva. Ziklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukukhipha emuva kwegazi (ukuphindaphinda) endaweni ye-atrium kwesokunxele ngesikhathi sokuvimbela ukusebenza (systole) kwe-ventricle kwesokunxele.
Ukuqubuka kwe-valve mitral kuhambisana nokuphazanyiswa emsebenzini noma isakhiwo se-valve. Ngenxa yalokho, bayangena esikhaleni se-atrium esesobunxele ne-systole ye-ventricle engakwesobunxele, okwenza kube khona okwenzeka emuva kwegazi elithile.
Ngeshwa, akuvamile ukutholwa i-pathology ekuqaleni kwesikhashana futhi, njengoba umthetho, ngengozi. Ukuhamba ngezinkinga ezimweni eziningi kungabonakali, kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:
- umuzwa wokuntuleka komoya;
- ubuhlungu ngakwesobunxele besifuba;
- i-syncope , ukuqasha ngaphambi kokuqala kanye nokuzondla;
- ikhanda, ikakhulukazi ebusuku nasekuseni;
- ukwanda kancane ekushiseni komzimba;
- ukuzizwa kwenhliziyo engavamile noma ejwayelekile.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi, kuye ngokuthi ukujula kwe-valve ye-mitral nokujula kwegazi kugeleza kanjani emuva kwe-atrium kwesokunxele, lesi sifo sihlukaniswe ngama-3 degrees:
- Kufika ku-5 mm phansi ukusuka kwindandatho ye-valve.
- 5 kuya ku-10 mm ngaphansi kwendandatho ye-valve.
- Ingaphezulu kuka-10 mm ejulile.
Ingabe i-valve ye-mitral ye-degree elingu-1 igubha?
Uma lesi sifo esichazwe singahambisani nanoma yiziphi izimpawu, ngisho nokuphathwa okhethekile kunqunywe. Into kuphela engaba yingozi ukuhamba kwe-valve yesokunxele noma ye-mitral ye-degree 1 - ukwephulwa okuqinile kwesigqi senhliziyo nokuzwa okungenakuzwakala enhliziyweni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuzodingeka uthathe izidakamizwa, uqeqesha inqubo yokuzithokozisa. Ngenkathi ugcina imithetho yokudla okunomsoco, indlela yokuphila, umsebenzi nokuphumula kombuso, isibikezelo singcono kakhulu.
Ingabe i-valve ye-mitral ye-degree ye-2 iphanga?
Esikhathini sezifundo eziningi zezokwelapha kanye nokuqaphela amaqembu okulawulwa kweziguli, kwatholakala ukuthi ukwehla okufika ku-1 cm ejulile akuyona ingozi enkulu empilweni noma empilweni.
Noma kunjalo, ukukhubazeka kuvamise ukuqhubekela phambili, ikakhulukazi ngokukhula. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanesifo se-2 degree batuswa ukuba bavakashele i-cardiologist njalo, i-prophylactic ultrasound yenhliziyo ne-ECG. Akuyona into engafanele ukulandela izincomo eziphathelene nenhlangano yokudla kanye nokuphila, ukuzivocavoca (ngokulinganisela).
Yimiphi imiphumela ye-proral valve ye-grade 5?
Ezingcindezini ezinzima lokho okucatshangelwayo okuholayo kuholela kaningi, kuphela kumacala angu-2-4% kungaba nemiphumela enjalo:
- ukungabi namandla (okunamandla, okungapheliyo);
- i-thromboembolism ;
- endocarditis yebhaktheriya;
- i-arrhythmia;
- ukufa ngokuzumayo.
Kodwa izinkinga ezibalwe zingagwenywa, ngokulandela imithethonqubo ye-cardiologist, ukuvakashela izivivinyo zokuvimbela.
Uma kwenzeka i-prolapse eyingozi nokugwedwa kwe-valve ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm, ukuhlinzwa okubuyiselwe ukubuyisela imisebenzi ye-valve mitral kunganconywa.