I-hepatomegaly ayiyona isifo esihlukile, kuyisifo sezifo eziningi. Sifunda imibono yocwaningo ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-hepatomegaly, nendlela yokuphatha lesi sifo.
I-hepatomegaly isho ukuthini?
I-hepatomegaly - ukwanda kwamathambo ebusweni besibindi, kuhambisana nokushintsha kwezicubu zesitho. Izinguquko zesibindi zihlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezivuthayo, ukutheleleka komzimba, ukutholakala kwezidakamizwa. Umphumela uwukuthi:
- ukufa kwamaseli anempilo;
- i-edema yesibindi;
- ukwephula ukubunjwa kwe-glycogen - carbohydrate, ukugcwalisa ukungabi khona kweglucose.
Izimbangela zesibindi esandisiwe
Ukwandiswa kwesibindi kubonisa ukuthi kunendawo (ene-infection) noma isakazeka (ngokukhula kwezicubu ezixhunyiwe) izinguquko zomzimba.
I-hepatomegaly yenzeka ngenxa yezifo eziningi. Siyabona izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezenza ukwanda kwesayizi sebindi:
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kanye ne-Bad-Chiari syndrome, ebonakala ngokubambisana kwegazi elimnyama esibindi;
- ukulimala kwesibindi esingenasifo - i-cirrhosis enobuthi nesifo sofuba;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamagciwane kwesibindi nokufakwa kwamafutha nezinye izinto;
- izifo eziwumphumela wokuvimbela i-bile duct, izifo ze-pancreatic;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, helminths, isikhunta kanye neprotozoa;
- amafomu amabi esibindi.
Izimpawu ze-hepatomegaly
Nge-hepatomegaly, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo zivamile:
- umbala we-icteric wesikhumba;
- isikhumba sesikhumba;
- ukushaya okukhulu;
- ubuhlungu nokuzwela kwezimpumputhe ngakwesokudla;
- isicasuli;
- i-heartburn;
- umoya omubi ;
- isifo se-stool;
- ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emzimbeni wesisu;
- ukubukeka "kwezinhlumela zesibindi" esikhumbeni.
Izindlela ezibalulekile zokuhlolwa (i-ultrasound, i-MRI, i-X-ray, i-biopsy) zibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezifo zesibindi kanye nezindlela ezijwayelekile zokwelapha nezindlela zokwelapha. Phakathi nokuhamba kwe-ultrasound ne-MRI, izici ezifanayo ze-hepatomegaly zembulwa:
- ukukhuliswa nokuhlanganiswa kwe-parenchyma ekushiseni kwesibindi esingapheli;
- i-heterogeneity ye-echostructure e-fatty hepatosis, i-cirrhosis;
- ukukhuliswa kwesigungu ngenkathi kugcinwa i-homogeneity ye-echostructure e-hepatitis enzima, izifo zesibindi ze-etiology ephikisayo nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- ukutholakala kwe-foci ezinhlobonhlobo nokuphulwa kwe-echogenicity kuma-abscesses, ama-cysts nama-tumor.
Indlela yokuphatha i-hepatomegaly yesibindi?
Ukwelashwa kwe-hepatomegaly kuyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa izinombolo eziningi. Phakathi kwabo:
- Ukwelashwa okuqondile. Kuphela ngesisekelo semiphumela yokuhlolwa, udokotela uthola ukuthi yiziphi amaphilisi okumele aphathe kusuka ku-hepatomegaly. Ama-antibiotic anqunyelwe isifo sofuba, ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria, i- echinococcosis iphathwa ngama-anthelmintic agents. Ngokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-glycosides yenhliziyo isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa. Izakhiwo ezimbi zidinga ukuqokwa kwama-chemotherapeutic agents.
- Imithi yokwelashwa ihlose ukuqeda ukubonakaliswa
izifo (isicasulezi, flatulence, njll) - Ukungenelela kokuhlinzekwa kungenziwa kunqunywe kuye ngezinkomba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, isiguli sinconywa ukuthi sishintshe ukudla nokudla. Ngokuncintisana kwesibindi, okubangelwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukudla okungenalo usawoti kuyasetshenziswa. Ukuphulukiswa kwesibindi nokudakwa okungapheli akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinobuthi, ikakhulukazi utshwala. Uma i-metabolism iphazamiseka, ukudla nokunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate namafutha kuboniswa.