I-Begonia ilokhu ikhula, futhi i-semperflorens, yalethwa eBrazil iya eJalimane ngekhulu le-18. Njengabalimi bezimbali, kubalulekile ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke, ngakho igama lihamba. Kule minyaka edlule, abafuyi baye basebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi baletha izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-600 ze-begonia. Zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswe ngokuphakama, amaqabunga nezimbali.
Ukuphakama kwe-begonias kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:
- ubude (ngaphezulu kuka-35 cm);
- ukuphakama okuphakathi (kufika ku-25 cm);
- ngaphansi (kuze kufinyelele ku-15 cm).
Ukwazi lezi zigaba, kuzoba lula ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwembali.
Izici zokunakekela i-begonia njalo
Yiqiniso, kubonakala sengathi kuyalimaza: i-ever-flowering. Kodwa, ukuze lokhu kwenzeke empeleni, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukhule kahle kanjani iBergonia. Nazi izidingo zayo eziyinhloko.
- Lesi sitshalo sivela ezifundeni ezishisayo zaseBrazil, ngakho-ke ukunamathela kwayo kumswakama akumangalisi. Ukuthi izimbali aziwi phansi futhi zijabule iso njalo, zidinga umswakama cishe 55-65%. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuphuza njalo.
- Emhlabathini, i-begonia ayinandaba futhi ikhula lapho itshalwe khona. Nakuba ekhetha umhlabathi ovulekile.
- Njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, i-begonia ayibekezelelanga ilanga eliqondile, nakuba lithanda ukukhanya nokushisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-begonia wesihlahla esivamile
Ungakhula i-begonia ngezindlela ezimbili: kusuka ku-imbewu nokusika.
- I-Begonia iyinzalo egcwele izimbali. Ukuze kuhlume kahle imbewu kanye nezimbali zabo zakuqala, izinyanga zasebusika zivame ukukhethwa ukutshala, njengomthetho, ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari. Imbewu yase-begonia ifuna ukukhanya okukhulu, ngakho ungabathuli, kwanele ukuba umane uvele endaweni engamanzi yomhlabathi owakhiwe. Ukwakha i-microclimate ehle, vala izithombo ngeglasi bese uqala ukulandela, ukuvula ngezikhathi ezithile ingilazi nokufakaza "intsha". Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amahlumela amancane ngeke abekezelele noma omile kakhulu. Ukutshala i-begonias emhlabathini ovulekile kungenziwa masinyane emva kokuba umhlaba uphuthumise futhi kudlule ukushisa.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-begonias nge-cuttings zezimbali. Ekwindla kuyadingeka ukuxazulula i-begonia yendlu ukuze ihlale ifudumele. Entwasahlobo, ungaqala ukulungiselela ama-cuttings. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbali iyancipha. Ngemuva kokuthela izihlahla, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela umquba wokunisela nokuhlala njalo wesitshalo. Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, khona-ke lapho kunqunywa khona amahlathi kuyoba khona amahlumela amancane amancane, okumele aguqulwe futhi afakwe emanzini. Lapho izimpande zingena ezicutheni zamanzi, ungaqala ukutshala enhlabathini.
I-Begonia ilokhu iqhuma ekhaya
Igumbi vechnotsvetuschaya begonia alifani kakhulu nodadewabo basemgwaqeni. Naye uthanda umswakama, ukufudumala nokukhanya okukhulu. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-begoniju imswakama, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefute umoya owuzungezayo. Futhi ukuze uthole ukukhanya okwanele, khetha amafasitela asempumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-begonias. Uma ugcwalisa zonke izimo futhi ungakhohlwa ukutshala kanye ngenyanga, i-begonia ingaqhakaza yonke ibusika.
Izimbiza ze-begonia zikhethiwe ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpande zawo, ngezikhathi ezithile zokufakelwa kabusha. Ngentwasahlobo, imbali izodinga ukudubula amahlumela ewetshiwe ngenxa yokungabi nhlobo kokukhanya ebusika.
Izifo ze-begonia ekhula njalo
Uma i-begonia yakho esezimbali ingaqhakaza, kufanele ucabange ngempilo yakhe. Ukulimaza kungabangela:
- i-bacteria impande nesifungulu;
- iqhwa lokubola;
- ukungabi nokukhanya;
- umoya omile;
- izinguquko ezibukhali ekushiseni.
Uma ubona ukubola emaqabunga, bese ususa ngokucophelela futhi uphathe lonke isihlahla nge-fungicide ehlanjululwe. Emaphethelweni omisiwe noma omnyama amaqabunga akhamuluka ngawe ngokumelela okukhulu noma ukushisa ilanga. Amaqabunga aphihliwe anomile, amaqabunga awilekile, amafihledi omisiwe omisiwe - nawo akhombisa umswakama ophansi.