Ukuze uthole izindlela zokuhlinza ezihlukahlukene, ngokuvamile kuvumelekile ukuba unesifo somzimba endaweni ethile yomzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswe i-anesthesia yendawo, evumela ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana ukuqhutshwa kwemizwa, okudlulisela impikiswano yobuhlungu ebuchosheni.
Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-anesthesia yendawo:
- ngokuyisisekelo;
- ukungena;
- umqhudelwano;
- intravascular.
Ingabe kubuhlungu ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo?
Ngaphambi kokusebenza kukadokotela, uhlobo oludingekayo kanye nomthamo we-anesthetic kukhethwe ngokucophelela ngokuhambisana nevolumu kanye nokuyinkimbinkimbi yezinqubo zokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, i-anesthesia eyenziwe ngokucophelela ikhulula ngokuphelele isiguli sokwezwa okungathandeki.
Ukukhathazeka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokujova kokuqala - umjovo we-anesthesia. Esikhathini esizayo, indawo ephathwayo ikhula ibe yindima futhi ingacabangi.
Imiphumela ye-anesthesia yendawo
Uhlobo lwe-anesthesia olucatshangelwayo ngokuvamile lubekezelelwe kahle ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi.
Izinkinga emva kokusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia yendawo zingavamile kakhulu, phakathi kwazo ezivame kakhulu yizimo ezilandelayo:
- wehla ekucindezelweni kwegazi;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala, ngezinye izikhathi eziphuthumayo, endaweni yesidakamizwa sokubulala umzimba;
- ukusabela okweqile;
- ukwehla kwenhliziyo;
- isiyezi;
- ukuthuthumela okwesikhashana (ukuthuthumela) kwezandla;
- i-blanching yesikhumba;
- ukuxubha;
- ukukhathazeka ngokweqile kwesimiso sezinzwa;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukukhala ezindlebeni;
- ukukhathazeka okungenasici;
- ukungathandeki ngemuva;
- ubuhlungu ekhanda;
- ukuphazanyiswa komsebenzi wokuphefumula.
Imiphumela ebalwe kuyo ingagwenywa uma ukubekezelelana kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-anesthetics kunqunywa kuqala, ukuba khona kokuphendula kwe-hypersensitivity emva kokusungulwa kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi ye-anesthesia nokusebenza kwayo kuxhomeke ekutheni ubuchwepheshe kanye nesipiliyoni sodokotela. Izidakamizwa ezikhethiwe kahle futhi zenziwa i-anesthesia azikhiphi izinkinga ezingalungile.
Luhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa olwenziwe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo?
I-anesthesia yasendaweni isetshenziselwa ukungenelela okuningi kunazo zonke kuzo zonke izinsizakalo zezokwelapha:
1. Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu nokubeletha:
- isigaba se-cearean;
- i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
- imisebenzi elula ehlukahlukene.
2. Amazinyo:
- ukususwa nokuphathwa kwamazinyo;
- i-prosthetics.
3. Urology:
- i-prostatectomy;
- ukuphathwa kabi kwezinso;
- Urography.
4. I-Proctology:
- ukususwa kwe-hemorrhoids kanye neoplasms;
- ukwelashwa kwama-fissures e-anal;
- i-colonoscopy.
5. Ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile:
- ukuvulwa kwama-abscesses;
- ukususwa kwe-adipocytes nezinye izifo eziphuzayo;
- ukusebenza emilenzeni;
- ngezinye izikhathi - emgodini wesisu (isifunda sayo esingaphansi). I-laparoscopy ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo ayikwenziwa, i-anesthesia ejwayelekile kuphela isetshenziswa.
6. I-Gastroenterology:
- ukuzwakala kwe-duodenal ;
- i-gastroscopy.
7. I-Otolaryngology:
- ukususwa kwe-adenoids;
- ukungahambi kahle kwezidumbu.
8. I-Traumatology - cishe zonke izindlela zokuhlinzwa ezilula.
9. Ophthalmology - imisebenzi eminingi.
10. I-Pulmonology:
- i-biopsy yezicubu;
- i-bronchoscopy .
Futhi, cishe zonke izindlela zokuhlinza ngepulasitiki zenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-anesthesia yendawo. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo, i-blepharoplasty ne-rhinoplasty eyenziwa, izindebe zeplastiki, izihlathi nezinye izinto zokusebenza.
Futhi lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwamacala uma kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluchazwe lwe-anesthesia. Kubhekwa njengendlela ephephile futhi cishe ayibangeli izinkinga, ngisho noma isiguli sinenkinga enkulu yezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le-anesthesia ayifuni isikhathi sokuvuselela, ngemuva kokusebenza kungenzeka ukuba abuyele ekuphileni okuvamile.