Amakhamera we-Bowel

I-Onkomarkery - izimbonakaliso ze- tumor - izinhlanganisela ezithile eziqukethwe emzimbeni womzimba (igazi, umchamo), ezakhiwa ekuphenduleni ukwakhiwa kwama-neoplasms amabi. Lezi zinto zisiza ekuxilongweni komdlavuza, kufaka phakathi nezinyathelo zokuqala, ngaphambi kwesiteji semibonakaliso yemitholampilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, incazelo yabahloli bezimpahla ikuvumela ukuba uhlulele ukusebenza kahle kokwelapha nokuchazwa kwesifo. Ake sicabangele ukuthi abakuphikisi babonisa umdlavuza wesisu , futhi yini okudingeka ilandelwe ukutholakala kwabo.

Abaqaphi bokutholakala komdlavuza wegciwane

Abaqaphi bokuthola umdlavuza wamathumbu amancane, kanye ne-colon kanye ne-rectum, yizinto ezinhlanu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinto ezingasetshenziswayo zingatholakala emanini amancane kumuntu onempilo, futhi zikhiqizwa ngenxa yezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological ezingahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza kwezinye izitho. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zamathumbu emathumbu, futhi yikuphi ukwehluka okuvela kumkhuba okungenzeka kubonise umdlavuza:

1. I-REA i-antigen yomdlavuza. Lesi sakhi sikhiqizwa kuphela ngamaseli e-fetal ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ngokuvamile kumuntu omdala, ukuhlushwa kwalo kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-5 ng / ml. Lesi sibonakaliso singabonisa ubukhona nobukhulu be-neoplasm eyingozi.
2. I-CA 19-9 - i-carbohydrate antigen - umaka ongenazo zonke izinto, onganiki umqondo wokuthola indawo yomdlavuza, kodwa uvumela ukukhuluma ngokutholakala kwesifo esibi emzimbeni ngenani elingaphezu kwama-40 IU / ml.
3. I-CA 242 i-oncomarker ethile, ebiza nge-IU / ml engaphezu kwezingama-30 ingabonisa umdlavuza we-rectum ne-intestine enkulu, kodwa futhi ne- pancreas .
4. I-CA 72-4 - i-oncomarker, inani elijwayelekile lalo alidluli 6.3 IU / ml. Kubonisa umdlavuza wombala, kanye nomdlavuza wesisu, izilonda ezincelisayo, ama-ovarie, njll.
5. I-Tu M2-RK iyi-pyruvate kinase ye-tumor yohlobo lwe-M2. Lo mbonakaliso ukhombisa ukuguquka kwezinqubo zemithi emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza wezindawo ezihlukahlukene.

Amagala amane okuqala achazwa ngegazi elimnyama, kanti lo mkhakha - ekuhlaziyweni kwezintambo. Njengoba akekho kulezi zinto ezibonisa ukucaciswa okungu-100%, inhlanganisela isetshenziselwa ukunquma umdlavuza wesisu. Futhi, ukuhlaziya kusekelwa ngokucwaninga ngemitholampilo.