I-asthma iye yaziwa isintu isikhathi eside. Lesi sifo sasisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo esikhathini sokuchuma kweGrisi lasendulo. Kwabe sekubizwa ngokuthi "ukuphefumula". Esikhathini sethu lesi sifo asikaze sinyamalale, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, sithole ukukhula okusha futhi sashintsha. Enye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zalesi sifo i-atopic infhma-asthma. Ukusabalala kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu.
Yini i-atopic asthma yama-bronchial echaza?
Lesi sifo siwumphumela wokuzibophezela komzimba ezingxenyeni zangaphandle - ezilwaneni. Yilokho, kuyindlela yokusabela ekukhuthazeni. I-asthma ye-bronchial isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi ye-pathogenesis. Le ndlela ithonywa yizimbangela zangaphandle zangaphakathi nezangaphakathi. Amaseli alandelayo abamba iqhaza ekusungulweni kwempendulo:
- i-basophils ;
- amamitha amangqamuzana;
- i-leukocyte;
- amaseli e-epithelial;
- macrophages.
Ngemuva kokungenwa kwe-allergen, ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kubonakala emzimbeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lokhu kwenzeka emaminithini amabili noma emahoreni amabili. I-asthma ye-allergen iyenzeka ngezinhlobo ezinjalo:
- Dusty (kungumkhaya). Ngokuvamile kuboniswa ngenkathi yokushisa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ngisho nasehlobo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo empilweni yesiguli. Kungumuntu kuphela oshiya endlini, futhi ngomzuzwana akukho nhlobo yenkinga.
- Isifo se-Fungal, okubonakalayo okuhlotshaniswa ne-sporulation ye-fungi pathogenic. Ukuhlaselwa nalesi sifo sezinkinga ngokuvamile kuyenzeka kusihlwa, lapho ukuhlushwa kwezinhlamvu kukhula.
- Isifo esivuswe yimpova. Kungabonakaliswa ngemuva kokudla imikhiqizo ye-allergen noma ukuzitholela eceleni kwe "provocateurs".
- Ifomu le-epidermal lingavamile kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwe-asthma le-bronchial luyisifo sezisebenzi zabasebenzi ematayatheni okucwaninga. Kukhona isifo esinjalo kubalimi bezinkomo.
I-atopic bronchial asthma - izici zokuthuthukiswa
Ifa elifa lidlala indima enkulu ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Uma omunye wabazali ehlushwa lesi sifo, amathuba okuba avele emntwaneni angaphezu kwama-40%. Futhi, ukukhushulwa kwe-asthma ye-atopic yomsindo kwenzeka emazileni alandelayo:
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi;
- imvelo embi;
- izimo zokusebenza eziyingozi;
- ukusetshenziswa okuhlelekile kokudla okunomqondo ophezulu wama-preservatives, ama-dyes nezinye izithasiselo eziyingozi;
- ukubhema ugwayi;
- ukusabela kwamafutha.
Izimpawu ze-asthma ze-allergen
Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kungagwetshwa ngezizathu eziningana. Izimpawu zesifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba singase sibe nalokhu okulandelayo:
- ukuphefumula okungapheli;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukukhwehlela kwe-paroxysmal;
- ubuhlungu esifubeni.
Ubukhulu bokubonakaliswa kwalezi zibonakaliso kuxhomeke ebukhulu besigaba sesifo. Ngesimo eside saleso sifo, kukhona ukusabela okwenyuka kwezinto eziphilayo ukuze kukhuthazeke. Ukuhlukumeza kungabangela izici ezinjalo:
- Hlala endlini, lapho ukhululekile futhi ungcolile;
- ukuxhumana nezilwane nezitshalo-provocateurs;
- umsebenzi omzimba ojulile.
I-asthma ye-bronchial bronchial ukugeleza okuphikelela okuncane
Kulesi sigaba, ukugula kuveza izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga. Ebusuku, ukuhlaselwa cishe akukhathazi. I-asthma ye-bronchial isifo esibucayi ibonakala kulokhu kubonakala kwezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-wheezing;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuphefumula ;
- ukwanda kokuntuleka kwamapulmoni.
I-asthma ye-bronchial ye-bronchial yokucindezela okulinganiselayo
Kulesi sigaba, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu ukuphila. I-bronchial asthma ye-atopic yokucindezeleka okulinganisela ibonakala kanje:
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwansuku zonke;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukutholakala kokuntuleka kwamapulmonari okulinganiselayo.
I-Atopic asthma - isifo sokuxilongwa
Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe yi-allergenist ne-pulmonologist eqeqeshiwe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko obhekene nalezi zinkampani ukucacisa izimbangela zesimo sokugula kanye nokubona indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwesifo. I-asthma ye-bronchial - ifomu lokugula - itholakala ngezinqubo ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlolwa kwe-ventilation (futhi i-spirometry);
- ukuhlaziywa kwesihlahla;
- ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngezifo.
I-allergic asthma - ukwelashwa
Ukulwa nalesi sifo kufanele kube nzima. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokuphefumula kwesibindi kuhilela isinyathelo esine-4. Okusho ukuthi, ukwelashwa kuqokwa ngokucabangela isigaba sesifo:
- Ngendlela emnene - ukuqala kwe-asthma yesifo - atopic isifo se-asthma ilawulwa yi-leukotriene modifiers.
- Esigabeni esicindezelekile, lesi sifo siphathwa ngezinqubo ezifakwe ngaphakathi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-corticosteroids.
- Iziguli ezinesiteji esilinganiselwe kuya esinzima zivunyelwe ukuba zivunyelwe izigulane zesikhathi eside.
- Ngehlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi yesifo, ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-corticosteroids kuyimpoqo.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba esiyingozi kunesidingo. Ihlanganisa izici ezinjalo:
- Ukuqedwa okuphelele kokuxhumana nomfutho. Lokhu kungabandakanya umsebenzi wokushintsha (uma izimo zokusebenza eziyingozi), izinyathelo zokulwa nokukhunta, ukudla nokunye okunye. Zonke lezi zenzo zibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokuqeda.
- Uma isiguli singakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele ekuthintaneni ne-allergen, kunconywa ukuba ibe ne-hyposensitized.
- Imithi yokulwa nalesi sifo ingahle isetshenziswe kuzo zonke izigaba zokuqala kanye nezinzima zesifo.
Amalungiselelo enzima okuphethwe yi-atopic bronchial asthma afaka amalungiselelo alawo maqembu:
- abakhi be-adrenoreceptor eside;
- ama-expectorants;
- i-cromones;
- glucocorticosteroids;
- ama-immunostimulants;
- i-methylxanthini njalonjalo.
Ukudla ku-Atopic Asthma
Ngoba lesi sifo sibonakala inkambo engapheli, ngakho ukulwa nalo kungadlulela iminyaka eminingi, ngisho nangokwakho konke ukuphila kwakho. Kule nkathi, akuyona nje imithi yokwelashwa ebhaliwe ebalulekile, kodwa futhi nokudla okunempilo efanele. Ukusiza lapha kuza ukudla okukhethekile. Inhloso yalolu hlelo lokudla okunomsoco kanje:
- ukujwayeleka kwezinqubo zokuqubuzana;
- ukukhululeka kwesimo sesiguli;
- ukunciphisa ukuwa kwekusasa.
Isiguli, esitholwa ukuthi sinesifo sokuphefumula esibhedlela, kufanele singabandakanyi ekudleni kwakhe imikhiqizo enjalo:
- Imikhiqizo yamabhakede ibhaka kusukela kufulawa omhlophe wekhwalithi ephezulu;
- amafutha anemifino ecebile;
- ikhofi;
- ushokoledi kanye ne-cocoa powder;
- utshwala;
- uju;
- ukupheka amafutha (margarine, ukusakaza);
- inyama eyomile kanye nosawoti nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi;
- iziphuzo ezithandekayo ze-carbonated;
- imikhiqizo yokubhema;
- ukulondolozwa;
- izithelo ezingabangela ukubola;
- uviniga, lwesinaphi, imayonnaise, izinongo, izinongo.
Ukudla kumele kube ne-steamed, ebilisiwe noma kuphekwe. Ngezinye izikhathi isiguli singakwazi ukuzipheka. Azikho izitsha okuthosiwe. Inombolo enhle yokudla izikhathi ezingu-5-6 ngosuku. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwetafula usawoti, ngoba i-sodium ekhona kuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo somzimba. I-sodium iyakwazi ukugcina umswakama, okungabangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezinamaqabunga, futhi isifo sokuphefumula esiphezulu se-bronchial hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa sizoqala ukubonakalisa ngobukhulu obukhulu.