Njengombana okuhlangenwe nakho kweeminyaka emalini wezolimo kubonisa, indle yezilwane zasemapulazini iyimanyolo enhle kakhulu yezitshalo zegadi. Iqiniso liwukuthi umquba uqukethe izinto eziningi ezibalulekile ezitshalweni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-potassium ne-calcium, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, i-magnesium nensimbi. Futhi kumquba uqukethe i-microflora esebenzayo, ngakho-ke le manyolo engokwemvelo iyasiza kakhulu enhlabathini kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Ake sithole indlela yokusebenzisa umquba wokutshala umhlabathi.
Izinhlobo zomquba
Umquba ungase uhluke ngokwezinga lokubola, futhi kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesilwane esivela kuso.
Esikhathini sokuqala, lezi zinhlobo zomquba zihlukaniswa:
- fresh - isetshenziselwa umanyolo ekwindla, lapho umhlabathi obumbwe ulungiselelwe inkathi elandelayo. Futhi, umquba omusha ungafakwa emibhedeni efudumele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele uhlanganiswe ngendlala enhle yomhlabathi, i-sawdust kanye ne-organic ukuze izimpande zezitshalo "zingashisi";
- Umquba omisiwe wesimiso uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo ngendlela yezixazululo ezinomsoco (1 kg wamanyolo anjalo ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi). Umquba wamanzi omquba njengeklabishi, ithanga , ikhukhamba, i-zucchini, isipinashi;
- Umquba owenziwe kahle usuvele ungene kancane, ngakho-ke umthamo wayo wokufaka umquba wokutshala izitshalo usuphindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukwenza izingxube zenhlabathi zezithombo kusuka kumquba onjalo;
- humus - uhlobo oluhle lomanyolo kunoma yiziphi izitshalo. Umquba ophelile ngokuphelele uthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwemifino ekhulile kuwo futhi isetshenziselwa kokubili ukufaka umhlabathi nokuhlanganisela.
Ngokuqondene nohlobo lwesibili lwesigaba, umquba omuhle ubhekwa njengamahhashi. Iphuza ngokushesha, inika ukushisa okukhulu, futhi ifanele ukuthuthukisa ingxube yomhlabathi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nezithombo zokugcina izithombo.
Umquba wenkomo njengomanyolo yiyona eyesibili ephumelelayo kakhulu. Ivuselela inhlabathi embi, kepha ihlala isikhathi eside. Ngokujwayelekile, izinkuni ze-sawdust zengezwa kulokhu umanyolo.
Umquba wegayi usetshenziswa njengomanyolo kaningi ngokuhlanganyela nehhashi, ngoba ngokwalo udoti lwezingulube ludilika isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokudala
Indlela yokwenza umquba kumquba?
Ukuze uguqule umquba omusha ube umanyolo wemvelo wekhwalithi engadini yakho, kufanele ubeke ebhokisini elikhethekile lokhuni. Kulesi simo, izingxenye zomquba zichitheka yi-moss peat, ezithatha kahle amanzi akhiphekile, noma ufulawa we-phosphorite.
Ukusetshenziselwa kwemvelo komquba kumanyolo kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingu-4-6, okwenza kube nengxube efanele. Ukuze uthole ama-humus kuzodingeka ukuthi ulinde iminyaka engu-1-2.