I-delay delay ye-fetal development of the fetus isetshenziswa odokotela lapho kutholakala isisindo somzimba we-fetal ngamaphesenti angaphezulu kwezingu-10 eminyaka yobudala bokulingana. I-syndrome ye-intrauterine ukuphuza ukukhula noma ukucabanga kwe-fetal kunezinhlobo ezimbili - ezilinganiselwe futhi ezingezansi.
Nge-symmetrical intrauterine hypotrophy, zonke izitho ziyancishiswa ngendlela efanayo, kanti i-hypotrophy njenge-asymmetric ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwamasaka nobuchopho, kodwa izitho zangaphakathi zithintekile. Ngokuvamile uhlobo lokungafani lokukhula kwe-intrauterine lwenzeka ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene zokukhulelwa.
Izigaba kanye nezici zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine
Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuqala sokukhula kwengane senzeke ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Okokuqala, isigaba sokuqala - lesi yisikhathi somhlangano weqanda nesidoda, ukwakheka okuqhubekayo kwe-zygote, amangqamuzana aqala ukuhlukaniswa ngamandla. Lesi sidalwa esincane sidlulela esibelethweni futhi sifakwe singenye yezindonga zayo.
- Kufika isikhathi sesibili - umbryonic. Kuphela kuze kube liviki leshumi nambili. Ngalesi sikhathi ingane ibizwa ngokuthi igama elithi "umbungu". Kulezi zinyanga ezintathu zonke izinhlelo nezinhlaka zendoda encane ezayo zenziwa. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sesibili (noma ngenye indlela - i-trimester yokuqala) yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokukhulelwa.
- Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu kuqala isikhathi sokukhula, lapho ingane ikhula ngokushesha futhi ithola isisindo, kuyilapho ithuthukisa njalo umzimba wayo.
Ukudambisa ukuthuthukiswa kokubeletha kokubeletha - izimbangela
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuphuza ukukhula kwe-intrauterine zihlanganisa ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwamapayipi, ukungavamile kwe-chromosomal (isib. I-Down syndrome), ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa okuningi, izinhlobo ezithile zokutheleleka (i-cytomegalovirus, i-toxoplasmosis, i-rubella noma i-syphilis), i-acute ukungondleki.
Izimbangela ze-intrauterine ukukhubazeka kwe-fetus kungaba yizimo eziholela ekuphuleni kwegazi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhuphuka komzimba noma ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi, isifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela esinomonakalo wamasongo, i-toxicosis yesigamu sesibili sokukhulelwa.
Ekuthuthukiseni ukukhulelwa kokukhula komntwana kubangela izifo ezihlukahlukene ezingelapheki kumama, okuholela umzimba wakhe ekudakiseni nokuntuleka oksijini. Lezi izifo ezingelapheki, i-bronchitis, i-tonsillitis, izifo zokuphefumula, i-pyelonephritis, amazinyo aqhathanisayo, i-anemia, izifo zenhliziyo.