I-PCR ekukhuleni komzimba (i-polymerase chain reaction method) iyindlela yokuthola izifo ezihlukahlukene zezifo ezithathelwanayo, ezisekelwe ekunqumweni kwezakhi zofuzo ezithathwe isiguli. Ekuqhutshweni kwalolu cwaningo, izinto ezifakwe ku-reactor ekhethekile. Njengoba isampula yokuhlola ingasenza: ukufihla, igazi, i-mucus. Izakhi ezikhethekile ze-enzymatic zengezwe kwisampula ezithathwe. Ngosizo lwabo, ikhophi ye-DNA ye-pathogen isakhiwe. Lokhu kusabela kungokwemvelo. Kule ndlela futhi uthole igama layo.
Isetshenziswa nini?
Ukuthola ukutheleleka kokutheleleka yi-PCR kuyinkimbinkimbi, ukucaciswa kwemiphumela okubhekwa ngayo ngabachwepheshe. Le ndlela isiza ukukhomba izifo eziningi ezifihliwe ezifakiwe kwi-PCR:
- i-papillomavirus;
- urogenital (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis ).
I-PCR iyindlela esemqoka yokuthola ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
Incazelo
Ngemuva kokuthola ukutheleleka kwezifo usebenzisa indlela ye-PCR, imiphumela yophenyo ishintshiwe. Kulokhu, kusetshenziselwa amagama amabili: "umphumela omubi" kanye "nomphumela omuhle".
Ngomphumela omuhle, odokotela bangasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi kunomunye oyedwa noma enye i-agent causative emzimbeni wesifundo. Umphumela omubi ubonisa ukungabi khona kokutheleleka okuphelele emzimbeni womuntu.
Izinzuzo ze-PCR
Le ndlela yokuxilongwa inezinzuzo eziningi, eziyinhloko zazo:
- Ukuxilongwa ngokuqondile kokutholakala kwe-pathogen emzimbeni. Ezinye izindlela zokuxilongwa zingabonisa okuqukethwe emzimbeni wama-protein-markers kuphela. I-PCR ibuye ikhombise ngqo ukuthi kukhona khona emzimbeni wendaba ethile ye-pathogen.
- Izinga eliphakeme lokucacisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuyi-specimen yezinto ezifundwa odokotela
isifunda se-DNA chain of the pathogen sibonakala, lapho kubonakala khona. - Ukuzwela okukhulu kwendlela. Indlela ye-PCR yenza kube lula ukukhomba amangqamuzana angama-virus angashadile. Le mpahla ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ama-pathogens amaningi ayifanele futhi ayingozi empilweni yabantu kuphela ngenani elikhulu. Ngenxa ye-PCR, ukutheleleka kungasungulwa ngaphandle kokulinda isikhathi lapho i-pathogen ikhula.
- Ikhono lokuhlola ngezikhathi eziningana izifo eziphilayo, ukuthatha isampuli esisodwa sendaba.