I-Hemoglobin iyiprotheni eyinkimbinkimbi. Emzimbeni womuntu, unesibopho sokudluliselwa kwe-oksijeni kuya kwezicubu nezitho. Ngezinye izikhathi le nto ingahlanganiswa ne-glucose. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-glykirovaniem. I-hemoglobin ebizwa ngokuthi i-glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) - yinto ebonisa ukuthi ushintsho olubalulekile lwenzeka emzimbeni, futhi uma kunjalo, bekude kangakanani baye bakwazi ukuhamba.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisani i-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated?
Lo mqondo uhlanganisa kuphela leyo ngxenye yeprotheni, eye isakwazi ukuxhumana nama-molecule we-glucose. I-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated ilinganiswa ngamaphesenti. Ukuhlaziywa kokuzimisela kwalesi sitshalo kunokwethenjelwa kunamanye amanye okuhlola okubonisa inani lesukana egazini . Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha etholakalayo ikhava isikhathi esanele ngokwanele.
I-A1C - elinye lamagama ahlukile ekomidini - ngemali encane ingaqukatha emzimbeni kwanoma yikuphi, ngisho nomuntu onempilo ngokuphelele. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin kungacatshangwa uma inani lamaprotheni alidluli 5.7%. Kulaba abagulayo abanesifo sikashukela, le nkhomba ivame ukwanda ngamabili noma amathathu, noma ngisho nangaphezulu. Uma i-HbA1C emzimbeni enganele, izifo ezifana ne-anemia ye-hemolytic noma i-hypoglycemia zingase zisolwe. Inani lempahla liyancipha kakhulu ngemva kokumpontshelwa igazi noma ukusebenza okukhulu.
Ngaso leso sikhathi ngingathanda ukuxwayisa: ukukhathazeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi akudingekile. Iqiniso lokuthi i-glycosylated hemoglobin yanda ayisho ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela . Isibalo esingaphezu kuka-6.5% kubhekwa njengengozi ngempela. Kulesi simo, ukuxilongwa "kwesifo sikashukela mellitus" kufakwe cishe ngokuqiniseka, nakuba ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungabuye kuwuphikise.
Uma izinga le-A1C liphakathi kwamaphesenti ama-5.7 kuya kuma-6.5, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela, kufanele ubuyekeze ngokuphuthumayo indlela yakho yokuphila, uma kungenzeka, ungena emidlalweni, ungabandakanyi ekudleni okunamafutha, izitsha ezithosiwe nezingenampilo. Uma isiguli sithobela yonke imiyalelo, inani lamaprotheni lizobuyela evamile kungakapheli inyanga.
Idatha, ebonisa ukutadisha kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin egazini, yenza kube lula ukuthi ochwepheshe bangayitholi nje kuphela ukuthi bahlolisise, kodwa futhi bahlole ukuphumelela kokwelashwa futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuyilungisa. Ngendlela, ungathatha ukuhlaziywa kubantu abadala nezingane. Izindinganiso zezinto ezifanayo zifana neziguli ezineminyaka ehlukene.
Ngingathatha kanjani igazi ukuhlolwa kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin?
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthatha igazi i-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukugcina izinga likaHbA1C ngaphansi kokulawula futhi, uma kunesidingo, uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele. Abantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela kufanele benze okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Amanye ama-laboratories athi izinga elibonakalayo le-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated ayincike ekutheni ukuzila kwegazi kunikeziwe noma cha. Kodwa ukuze uqiniseke emiphumeleni yocwaningo, kusengcono ukuya ocingweni lokuhlolwa ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho.
Ukuhlehlisela ukuvakasha ebhodini labasebenzi kufanele futhi kunikezwe kulabo abagulayo ababesinda ekumpomeni igazi noma egazini elikhulu. Ngenxa yalezi zici, izinkomba zokuhlaziya zingahle ziphazamiseke kakhulu.
Nakuba incazelo ye-glycosylated hemoglobin iyinkqubo futhi iyabiza, inezinzuzo eziningi:
- Ukuhlaziywa akukwazi ukuphazamisa ukushisa nezifo.
- Isimo sengqondo sesiguli asithonya umphumela wesifundo.
- Izinga le-A1C linqunywa ngokushesha kakhulu.