Ukubeletha emasontweni angama-32 ukubeletha

Noma yimuphi owesifazane olindele ukuthi umntwana azalwe maduzane ukholelwa isikhathi esithile lapho embona okokuqala. Njengoba wazi, ubude besikhathi sokugaya amaviki angu-40. Kodwa akuyona njalo ingane ephuma emzimbeni kamama ngaleso sikhathi. Ngokuvamile, kukhona okuthiwa ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esenzeka ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 wokubeletha. Ake sihlolisise lesi simo bese sikutshele ngezingozi ezingenzeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha emavikini angu-32 wokukhulelwa.

Ngenxa yalokho ingane izalwa ngaphambi kosuku olufanele?

Eqinisweni, izizathu zokuzalwa kwengane, kuningi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubangelwa ukutholakala kwezifo ezilandelayo:

• kancane noma, kunalokho, polyhydramnios;
• ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba kwabesifazane abakhulelwe;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoxia ye- fetal;
• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu;
• izifo zofuzo;
• I-Rhesus-impikiswano;
• umsebenzi womzimba.

Yini engabangela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesonto 32?

Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ezimweni eziningi kungenzeka ukuthi ushiye ingane egcwele futhi enempilo enhle. Nokho, ngaphandle kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukungahlanzeki okuhlobene nesistimu yokuphefumula yengane. I-surfactant, okuvimbela i-alveoli ukuba ingawa emaphashini futhi imane nje iyadingeka ukuphefumula, iqala ukuhlanganiswa ngesonto eli-20-24 lokuthuthukiswa komntwana. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwalesi simiso kubonakala kuphela kumaviki angu-36.

Yingakho ukusebenza ngesonto lama-32 lokukhulelwa angeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kokuphulwa, okubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso se-ventilation-perfusion emaphashini. Lesi simo siholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-hypoxia, hypercapnia (ukwanda ezingeni le-CO2 egazini), isisombululo-ukuphefumula i-acidosis (ukwehlisa igazi pH). Esimweni esinjalo, ingane idinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo nge-ventilation yokufakelwa.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokubeletha emasontweni angama-32 kungabalwa ukwehla komsebenzi wesimiso somzimba, okuyinto egcwele ukwengezwa kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo, isisindo esincane somntwana (ngokuvamile 1800-2000 g). Ngokuyinhloko, amasistimu nezitho zomntwana zilungele ukusebenza okujwayelekile.

Ngokwehlukana, kubalulekile ukusho ngemiphumela yomsebenzi wokuqala ngaphambi kweviki le-32 lokukhulelwa, okungahle kwenzeke kulo wesifazane ngokwayo. Ekuqaleni, ezimweni ezinjalo, ingozi yokuphuma kwe-intrauterine ikhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukutheleleka kohlelo lokuzala akukwazi ukuqedwa ngokuphelele. Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zinto, njengomthetho, owesifazane okungenani izinsuku ezingu-10 emnyangweni we-postpartum ngaphansi kokuqondiswa odokotela.