Ukhukhamba ungomunye wemifino ethandwa kakhulu edliwa unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke ayakhula kokubili ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile cishe yonke isakhiwo segadi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, naphezu kokuthi umlimi wensimu ulandela zonke izincomo, ikhukhamba ngandlela-thile ifuna amaqabunga. Ake sibone izizathu eziyinhloko zalesi nkinga.
Kungani amaqabunga ebola ngamakhukhamba?
Abanini bezandla baye babona izizathu ezilandelayo eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ikhukhamba ishiya khona:
- Ukungahambisani nemibandela ekhulayo:
- ukuphuza - ukungeneli okwanele kuholela ekutheni amaqabunga aqala ukuma kusukela emaphethelweni kuya enkabeni, futhi ugweme ukuthola umswakama kubo;
- ibanga elincane phakathi kokutshala;
- indawo ekhethwe ngokungalungile - uma amaqabunga ekhukhamba ezokwehliselwa emisebeni yelanga, ngakho-ke, cishe izokwenza ngokushesha. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuma kwemibhede lapho lesi sitshalo sitshalwe khona - sincane kakhulu futhi siholela phezulu ekulahlekelweni komswakama okudingekayo, okuholela ekuqotheni kwamahlamvu kanye neziqu;
- ukunqotshwa kwe-oversaturation noma ukungabi namanyolo ;
- hit herbicide - ngoba lesi sitshalo asibekezelelani nhlobo;
- indawo engafanele, eyakhiwe eduze utamatisi, ngoba lezi zitshalo zidinga umswakama ohlukile womoya.
- isifo se-fungal - i-fusarium wilt yekhukhamba, ethinta izitshalo zokushisa okushisa. Ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukusuka ku-vertex emile, ehambisana nokubola kwesigamu endaweni yomcibisholo;
- ukubola okumhlophe - amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-turgor, abe buthaka kakhulu, bese ewa ngokuphelele, izindawo ezimnyama zifakwe endaweni egcwele;
- ukubola kwezimpande yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza ukuthi ikhukhamba ikhiphe futhi ifinyelele amaqabunga aphansi, uma ingasetshenziswanga ngaleso sikhathi, i-whip lonke ifa;
- ama-aphid - ungayithola ngemuva kwamashidi;
- izibungu.
Ngemva kokunquma ukuthi kungani ikhukhamba ishiya ama-wilted, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulondoloza isitshalo, ngoba isimo esinjalo singaholela ekufeni kwayo.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma amaqabunga aluhlaza ephela kwamakhukhamba?
Uma isizathu singanisela, kuyadingeka ukuba uqale ukuphuza izihlahla njalo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi njalo, ukuze umswakama ufinyelele ezimpandeni zesitshalo. Kulokhu, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awasakazeki, kodwa uhlala ezungeze isiqu. Ngenxa yalokhu, umbhede kufanele ube ngisho noma ungenza ngisho nombhobho omncane.
Lapho izibulala-zinambuzane zifika emaqabungeni, kufanele zihlanzwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka kuzo, kanye namanzi ziyogxila emhlabathini futhi zingabi yingozi kwikhukhamba.
Uma amaqabunga ebola ngenxa yokulimala kwesitshalo ngezifo, ukhunta noma izinambuzane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwubona ngokushesha futhi ukwenze ngezindlela ezikhethekile:
- ukubola kwempande - okufakwe yizidakamizwa "i-Trichodermin", okuyinto okusanhlamvu e-oat, ehlanganiswe isikhunta esomile esomile. Zigxiliwe futhi isitshalo esibulalayo siphathwa ngesisombululo esiphelele;
- I-aphid - isisombululo se-soapy isiza kakhulu noma ungathenga amakhemikhali akhethekile, isibonelo, "Iskra";
- izifo ze-fungal (i-fusarium wilt ikhukhamba noma i-white rot) - kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise amakhemikhali afana ne "Fotosporin", "Kornevin", "Gitrauxin";
- Amathikithi - ufafaza ukumnika i-anyan husk.
Ukuze ugweme lezi zinkinga, kubalulekile ukugqoka imbewu kusengaphambili, ukuphatha umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuphambanisa i-cucumber strand kusuka ku-spray ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ngaphambi kokutshala ikhukhamba endaweni yakho engadini, kufanele wazijwayele ngezinkinga ezikhona ekukhuleni kanye nezindlela zokuqedwa kwazo.