Izinkanyezi ezingenakuzithoba sezilokhu ziphakathi kwemibala ethandwa kakhulu yabafaki bembali kanye nabaqambi bezwe. Muva nje, kuye kwaba nesithakazelo esikhulu kulo mkhuba wezimbali, njengoba izinhlobo ezintsha ze-hybrid sezivele zihluke, zihluka ngokuhlukahluka kwesakhiwo, isakhiwo, ubukhulu, umbala we-inflorescences nokubukeka kwesihlahla.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhula nge-asters: izithombo kanye nezithombo (imbewu). Ukutshala i-aster nembewu kunezinzuzo eziningana: akudingeki ukuba uchithe isikhathi nemali ekuzaleni izithombo, ukutshala izitshalo akuphikisana nesomiso nezifo. Kodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zezinkanyezi, ezitshalwe imbewu, zilahlekelwa izimfanelo zazo zokuhlobisa. Sizocabangela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi singakhula kanjani asters kusuka imbewu.
Indlela yokutshala asters nge imbewu?
Ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo isitshalo, kufanele ukukhethwa kwento yokwenza imbewu efanele. Kulokhu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imbewu ye-asters ilahlekelwa ngokushesha ekuhlumeni kwayo, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokugcina sabo akufanele sidlule eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemi-3. Uma kuthengwa imbewu, kufanele ithengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile, ngoba izikhwama zempahla yembewu ezithengiswa emigwaqweni yasemgwaqeni zivezwe ezinkingeni ezimbi ezifana nokushisa nokufudumala emoyeni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isayithi elihle lokutshala ama-asters. Kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- isayithi kufanele ikhanyiswe ilanga;
- gwema imibhede yemifula ephansi;
- I-Astra ayinconywa ukutshala kulezo zindawo lapho yakhula khona eminyakeni engama-4 kuya ku-5 edlule.
Uma utshala i-astra ngembewu entwasahlobo, ingadi ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili ekwindla. Isayithi iyagukwa, ingeza u-0.2 kg we-nitrofoss nge-1 m2 kanye nebhakede lomquba noma umquba (owaqala kabusha). Imbewu itshalwe ngokuya endaweni yendawo yezulu: ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho - ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, ebhishi eliphakathi - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Umhlaba kanye nezithombo zivaliwe. Ngezikhathi ezithile, impahla yokugqoka isuswe ukuze kuqiniswe izitshalo, futhi ngokusungulwa kwesimo sezulu esishisayo kuhlanzekile ngokuphelele.
Ungenza isitshalo se-asters ebusika. Esikhathini sezulu sezulu esivuthayo, kungcono ukuhlwanyela ngo-Okthoba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umquba onogwaja noma i-humus wengezwe ezweni endaweni ekhethiwe. Ukucebisa umhlabathi wengeze umanyolo obunzima. Umbhede wenziwa, ama-groove ama-2 cm ajulile akhiwe kuwo. Indawo elungiselelwe ihlanganiswe futhi ishiywe ukuze imise umhlaba, okuvame ukuqala ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Imbewu ye-asters ihlwanyelwa emigodini, ifafaze ngenhlabathi. Ihlanganiswe nge-foil encane yemifino nezitshalo ezisele kuze ku-Ephreli. Ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, ifilimu isusiwe futhi ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yokumboza, engaphambi kokuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele. Ukuhluka kwebusika kwababusi bezinkanyezi ezikhulayo ezivela imbewu kwenza kube lula ukwenza izimbali ziphikisana nezifo kanye nezimo zezulu ezibi, ngaphandle kwalokho, zitshalwe ngaphambi kwekwindla, izitshalo ziyaqhakaza.
Nakekela izinkanyezi zonyaka
Kanye nokufika, ukunakekelwa kwe-asters yonyaka kulula futhi kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezijwayelekile zabalimi: ukuchelela, ukukhulula, ukuphumula. Ukuhlwanyela ukutshala imbali kufanele kuqaphele ngokukhethekile, njengoba ukhula olumile lugwinya abahlakaniphile futhi luvimbele izimfanelo zabo zokuhlobisa ukuba zingabonakali. Ukudla
I-Agrotechnics ixwayisa ukuthi umanyolo ongaphezu kwemithi awunayo impumelelo emihle esimweni sezitshalo. I-asters "engaphezu kweqhwa" ijwayele izifo, ikakhulukazi i-fusariosis. Ukutheleleka ngefungus izimbali kufanele kuqedwe, ukuze kungabikho ukutheleleka kwezinye izitshalo.