- Ikheli: I- Panama Canal, i-Panama
- Unyaka wesisekelo: 1920
Ngamunye wethu uyazi ngePanama Canal ehlanganisa iPacific ne-Atlantic Ocean, okuvumela izinkampani zokuthutha ukuba zilondoloze isikhathi esiningi semali. Kodwa ngisho nesiteshi esilula akuyona nje umgodi ovuliwe phakathi kwamanzi, kodwa isistimu yokukhiya ezobuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi. Ake sizame ukuqonda lo mbuzo.
Isakhiwo seCanama Canal
I-Panama Canal iyinhlanganisela yokukhiya, isiteshi esithinta abantu esakhiwe esakhiweni esincane kakhulu se-Isthmus yasePanama e-Central America. Kusukela ekuvulwa kwayo ngo-1920, i-Panama Canal isalokhu ihlala yinye yezakhiwo zobunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngalesi sakhiwo esise-S singadlula umkhumbi wanoma yiluphi uhlobo nosayizi: kusuka ku-yacht esheshayo eya emathonjeni amakhulu. Njengamanje, umkhawulokudonsa wesiteshi usuke waba yisilinganiso sesakhiwo semikhumbi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yokukhiya iPanama Canal, imikhumbi engama-48 idlula kuyo ngosuku, futhi izigidi zabantu emhlabeni zijabulela lokhu kududuza.
Ngakho kungani sidinga izikhiye ePanama Canal? Umbuzo wendawo, futhi impendulo yayo iyabonakala: ngoba umsele unamachibi amaningana, umfula imifula nemifula eyenziwe ngabantu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ixhuma amabhomu amabili amakhulu, kubalulekile ukulinganisa njalo umehluko wamanzi kuwo wonke umzila futhi ulawule izimpande. Futhi umehluko wamanzi emkhatsini we-canal ne-World Ocean uphakeme-25.9 m. Ngokwezinga nobukhulu bomkhumbi, izinga lamanzi ku-airlock likhuphuka noma liyancipha, ngaleyo ndlela lidala izimo ezidingekile zokungena emgwaqweni ongekho emthethweni.
Izici ze-Panama Canal zikhiywe
Amaqembu amabili ezinsikeni asebenza emgodini. Isango ngalinye liyisango ezimbili-intambo, isb. kungaba kanyekanye ukuthumela imikhumbi emgwaqeni ozayo. Nakuba lo mkhuba ubonisa ukuthi ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhamba kwemikhumbi ngendlela eyodwa. Ikamelo ngalinye le-airlock lihlala elingama-cubic meter ayizinkulungwane ezingu-101. m. wamanzi. Ubukhulu bamakamelo: ububanzi buka-33.53 m, ubude buka-304.8 m, ukujula okulinganiselwe - 12.55 m. Izitsha ezinkulu ngokuvala ama-locomotives akhethekile kagesi ("ama-mules"). Ngakho, imigwaqo emikhulu yeCanama Canal yilezi:
- Ngasendleleni esuka e-Atlantic Ocean, kufakwe i -sluice "Gatun" yamagumbi amathathu , ixhuma echibini legama elifanayo neLemon Bay. Lapha izikhonkwane ziphakamisa imikhumbi 26 m ezingeni lechibi. Esangweni kukhona ikhamera, isithombe ongayibona ngesikhathi sangempela kwi-intanethi.
- Ukusuka ohlangothini lwePacific Ocean isebenza ngendlela engamakamelo amabili "Miraflores" (Miraflores). Ixhuma isiteshi somsele omkhulu ePanama Bay. Isango lakhe lokuqala libuye libe nekhamera yevidiyo.
- I-single-chamber gateway "Pedro Miguel" (Pedro Miguel) isebenza ngokuhambisana nesimiso se-Miraflores lock.
- Kusukela ngo-2007, umsebenzi uqhubeka ukwandisa isiteshi bese ufaka izindlela ezingeziwe zokwandisa amandla wePanama Canal (intambo yesithathu). Imingcele emisha yentambo yesithathu: ubude obungama-427 m, ububanzi ububanzi buka-55m, ububanzi buka-18.3 wamamitha. Futhi, umsebenzi uqhubeka ukwandisa futhi uthuthukise i-fairway eyinhloko ukuze uqhubekele ukuhamba ngokuhamba kwemikhumbi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2017 umzila uzokwazi ukwenza umthwalo ophindwe kabili.
Ukubuka kanjani i-Panama Canal yokukhiya?
Phakathi komsele wonke kukhona umgwaqo kanye nomsele wesitimela. Ungakwazi ngokuzimela futhi mahhala ulandele noma yisiphi isitsha futhi ujwayele uhlelo lwesiteshi kusuka kude. Ungathenga futhi ukuvakasha ngenhloso efanayo.
Isango le-Miraflores libhekwa njengokufinyeleleka kwabavakashi. Ungafika lapho ngetekisi noma uthenge ithikithi lebhasi ngamasenti angu-25, futhi njengengxenye yeqembu uhamba eduze nokukhiya ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze wazi kahle umsebenzi wakhe. I-excursion ihlanganisa ukuvakashelwa kumamyuziyamu ($ 10) nokufinyelela emgodini wokubuka, lapho ngesikhathi sangempela i-loudspeaker inolwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwesango.
Yiqiniso, ukubonakala okuqhakazile okutholayo, kudlula i- Panama Canal emkhunjini wezimoto.
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