Izimpawu ze-Dementia

Isifo sengqondo sokugula ngengqondo sifana kangcono negama layo lesibili - ukucindezeleka komqondo. Kungumonakalo ongokomqondo womqondo oletha umuntu esimweni esikhethekile. Le disorder, njengengqondo ye-dementia (ukuwohloka komqondo) ihambisana nokuphulwa kokubona kweqiniso, ukuhlakanipha, inkulumo, inkumbulo neminye imisebenzi.

Izinhlobo zengqondo ye-dementia

Esikhathini sokukhungatheka kwesigaba sokucindezeleka komzimba, lesi sifo sinendawo yokuholela ekungalinganisweni okuphelele ohlelweni lomphakathi. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomqondo wokuwohloka komqondo lukhululekile, olungenakuguqulwa.

Hlela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo komqondo ngendlela elandelayo:

• ukuwohloka komqondo okuhambisana nezifo ze-neurological, noma nge-cardiovascular (lokhu kuhlanganisa isifo se-Alzheimer, isifo sokuqina kwesifo sofuba semikhumbi ye-cerebral,);
• ukuwohloka komqondo ngokudakwa (lolu hlobo lwenzeka uma kwenzeka ukuphuza ngokweqile noma, ngokwesibonelo, ubuthi obuhlungu njalo);
• ukuwohloka komqondo okuhlotshaniswa nezitho zangaphakathi (lolu hlobo lufaka, ngokwesibonelo, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-hepatic ne-renal);
• ukuwohloka komqondo ngemuva kwengcindezi ye-thyroid;
• ukuwohloka komqondo okuhlobene nokuntuleka kwe-thiamine;
• ukuwohloka komqondo okuhlobene nokudakwa kwezidakamizwa;
• ukuwohloka komqondo ngemuva kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zobuchopho (syphilis, meningitis), i-hydrocephalus, izicubu zobuchopho, i-HIV.

Izimbangela ze-dementia zisezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene. Lapho esekhulile lokhu kuvame ukuhlukumeza imithi, futhi leso sifo ngokushesha sithola isimo esingenakuguqulwa.

Izimpawu ze-Dementia

Kulula kakhulu ukuphawula izimpawu zokudemeka komqondo, okuqala okokulula, bese kuqhubeka nokuqina, okuvimbela impilo yomphakathi yomuntu. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukukhohlwa, okuyisinye sezibonakaliso zokuqala zengqondo. Izimpawu ezisele zihlukaniswa phakathi kwezimo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukukhohlwa kukhula: umuntu uqale ukhohlwe into eyayikudala, bese kwenzeka okwamanje. Okudlulile nakho kukhishwa kancane kancane.
2. Izinkinga nge-orientation: abantu abahlukunyezwa yi-dementia, abahlelekile futhi bangakwazi ukulahlekelwa endaweni ejwayelekile.
3. Kunzima ngokuhlela: kunzima kakhulu umuntu ukuba acabange isimiso sakhe noma ahlele ukuqokwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
4. Ukuphazamiseka kokucabanga: umsebenzi wokukhuluma nenkumbulo kancane kancane.
5. Izinkinga ekuphileni kwansuku zonke: indoda kancane kancane ihluleka ukugqoka noma idle imfoloko, ngenxa yokuthi ixhumano ne-dementia nokungahloniphi, ukungahloniphi.
6. Ukuziphatha ukushintsha ngisho nezici zobunjwa. Ngokuvamile kukhona ukuleleka, ukusola, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukukhululeka ngokweqile.

Kungenxa yezimpawu zokuqala udinga ukuqala prophylaxis esebenzayo, ukuze ungagcini lesi sifo.

Ukuvimbela ukucindezeleka komqondo

Ukuvimbela kubalulekile ekuqaleni, ngoba lokhu kungancipha ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Okokuqala, isisindo sezinyathelo kufanele sifake indlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokudla okunempilo, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-cerebral ischemia, i-hypertension ye-arterial, i-heart pathologies nesifo sikashukela, esheshayo konke kuholela ekusungulweni kwesifo esinjalo. Lapho ukwelashwa kwengqondo, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa, ukuphumelela okuye kwafakazelwa emtholampilo, kanye nalawo okumele aphumelele:

• i-cholinesterase inhibitors;
• abaphikisi be-NMDA receptors;
• izidakamizwa ezinesenzo se-neurotrophic;
• holinomimetiki.

Ngokufinyelela okufika ngesikhathi kudokotela, kungenzeka ukuba ngcono kakhulu isimo sesiguli, ukumisa, ukubambezeleka noma ngisho nokuphulukisa lesi sifo. Into esemqoka akukona ukukhokhisa umzimba ngokusuka emncane, ngoba kuzodingeka ukhokhe amaphutha.