Izici zengqondo ezihlukumezekile zabantu zihlale ziheha. Ngokungafani nabanye, bazibiza ngokuthi "izinsimbi ze-bipolar." Iyini le nkinga ye-bipolar - ukuzwakalisa ngokomzwelo kusuka ekudumeni kuze kube nomuzwa wokuwela elasha lokucabanga kwengqondo nomphefumulo wezinkinga ezimhlophe, ezibuhlungu, umuzwa wokungabi nalutho nokungathembeki.
Kuyini ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo?
Bonke abantu banesimo sengqondo , kodwa abanalo ukuqina okukhulu nokuqina kwemizwa, izici zalabo abanezinkinga zokucindezeleka kwe-bipolar. I-Affective ithi - ukuguquka kwemizwelo njalo kungavimbela isimiso sezinzwa futhi kwenze umuntu azibulale. Isifo se-bipolar yisifo esibucayi esingokomqondo, esasibizwa ngokuthi yi-psychiatry manic-depression psychosis. Esikhathini se-classic version, lezi zigaba ezimbili zokushintsha: i-manic nokucindezeleka, ngayinye ingadlulela ngisho neminyaka embalwa.
Isifo se-bipolar - izimbangela
Ngenkathi kubuntwana kunzima ukuxilonga, nokho, lesi sifo sibonakala ku-2% wezingane kanye nentsha. Imvamisa ephezulu yokutholakala okuyisisekelo kwesifo (50%) iwela eminyakeni engu-21-45. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ye-psyche yisifo esingapheliyo, izimbangela zazo ezingabonakaliswa ngokuphelele futhi zihlanganiswa eziningi izici:
- izakhi zofuzo (80%). Kunzima kakhulu ukubona lezi zakhi zofuzo ezithumela, ngoba kaningi kuba inhlanganisela yomuntu ngamunye wezakhi zofuzo, kuhlangene nezinye izici zokubeka phambili;
- ukuphazamiseka ebuchosheni: ukungalingani ekwenzeni ama-neurotransmitters (i-dopamine, i-serotonin, i-noradrenaline);
- ukungalingani kwe-hormonal;
- ithonya lezinto eziphilayo (20%): ukuvame ukucindezeleka, ukuhlukunyezwa kwenhliziyo nokushaya, ukuxhashazwa kwengqondo, izinto ezingokwengqondo (utshwala, izidakamizwa, imithi);
- Abazali abaneminyaka yobudala bangase babe nezingane ezinezinkinga ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka kwe-bipolar;
- i-etiology engaziwa yalesi sifo. Isifo se-bipolar yilokho okufana nesifo, ososayensi banezinto ezintsha ezitholakalayo ukuze bathole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Ingabe isifo se-bipolar sizuze njengefa?
Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abanenkinga yokuguquguquka kwengqondo, lapho befunda umlando womndeni udokotela, banesihlobo esiseduze namacala angu-50% asekutholwe ukuthi anesifo sengqondo sokucindezeleka komuntu . Ekufundeni amawele, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi uma umuntu ene-bipolar disorder, isibonakaliso sesibili esibonakalayo sesifo senyukela ku-70%. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Hereditary "umjikelezo wokulala", ukunakekelwa kokulahleka kokukhathazeka, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka kanye nezici ze-psyche nazo zingaba yisici esibangela ukucindezeleka okungapheliyo enzalweni.
Isifo se-bipolar - izimpawu
Ukubonakaliswa okuvame kakhulu: ngokungazelelwe kushintshana esigabeni sokuphila se-mania nokucindezeleka. Ubude besikhathi "sokukhanya" phakathi kwezigaba ngabanye, kungadlulela eminyakeni eminingana. I-Mania iyisigaba esimeme sombuso wokuthokoza, isimo esinjabulo nokuqina okukhulu. Ngokuvamile iphela ngokubuya komuntu esimweni esivamile ngokuvimbela okuthile. Izikhathi zokucindezeleka zingahlala isikhathi eside kune-mania futhi zenzeke kaningi, zihamba kakhulu. Izimpawu zenkinga ye-bipolar esigabeni somuntu:
- ukuzwakalisa, ukukhukhumazeka, imizwelo iyahamba, uthando olukhulu ngabantu kanye nezwe liphazamisa, megalomania;
- ukunakwa okuphazamisayo, kunzima ukugxila;
- inkulumo esheshayo, engxoxweni ikhuphuka kusuka esihlokweni esisodwa kuya kwesinye, ukungahambisani kwenkulumo;
- umqondo wokuzikhukhumeza kwabo, bazibandakanya ezimweni ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi (izidakamizwa, ukuhamba ngezinyawo);
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukukhula kwengqondo engqondweni, ukuhlukunyezwa;
- ukwandisa umsebenzi wobulili.
Izimpawu zesigaba sokucindezeleka:
- isimo eside sokudabuka, ukudabuka, ukukhathazeka okukhulayo;
- ukuwohloka noma ukwanda kwesifiso;
- ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, kunciphise amandla, ubuchopho;
- ukulahlekelwa inzalo emisebenzini eyayijwayele ukujabulisa;
- ukulala;
- imizwa engathandeki ngokwabo;
- "Hamba" ngokubheka iphuzu elilodwa, ulahlekelwa umuzwa wesikhathi, imicabango yokufa, imizamo yokuzibulala.
Izinhlobo ze-bipolar disorder
Ngokwezimpawu ezikhona esithombeni sesifo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. I-bipolar personality disorder type I - iyingqayizivele futhi isho okungenani ukuhlasela komuntu oyedwa, okunye okuhambisana nokucindezeleka. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka emadodeni. I-bipolar disective disorder ye-Type II ukuhlasela okucindezelayo (okukodwa noma ngaphezulu), kulandelwa i-hypomania. Ngokwezibalo, abesifazane basengozini yokuthinteka kakhulu. I-Cyclotymia - i-hypomania nokucindezeleka okuncane, ihamba kalula ngaphezu kwezinhlobo I no-II.
Izigaba ze-bipolar disorder
Ukushintsha kwesigaba kwimizwa ye-bipolar kuyinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu, lesi sifo asivame ukuvela ngokwendlela yeklasiki. Nge-manic-depression syndrome, isiqephu siqala ngesigaba se-mania futhi sinesikhathi esingamasonto amabili kuya kwezinyanga ezingu-4. Isiqephu esicindezelayo singahlala izinyanga ezingu-8. Ukukhulumisana phakathi kwezigaba kunciphisa ngesikhathi. Ama-Psychiatrists achaza ezinye izigaba zesigaba sesi sifo:
- ukuxhaswa (ukuphindaphindiwe / ukucindezeleka ngezikhathi ezithile);
- ifomu lokujikeleza - isigaba "igebe" lokukhanya alikho;
- ifomu eliphindwe kabili - emva kwemijikelezo emibili ukukhishwa kusungulwa.
I-bipolar disorder - imiphumela
Lapho lesi sifo sinzima, zonke izigaba zokuphila komuntu zithola izinguquko ezimbi. Umndeni wehla, izihlobo ezinobungane. Ukuphila nge-bipolar disorder njalo kulungisa izinguquko nemisebenzi yesiguli, izihlobo zakhe, nabantu abaseduze. Phakathi nesigaba somuntu, umuntu uyakwazi ukuqhuma, enza izinto ezinobungozi angakwazi ukulawula. Uqala ukulahlekelwa yimali, angene ebuhlotsheni bobulili obuphambene nokuziphatha okubi, ashiye umsebenzi wakhe. Esigabeni sokucindezeleka, amandla okusebenza ayancipha, ingozi enkulu yokuzibulala kwangempela.
Ungaphila kanjani umuntu onesifo se-bipolar?
Isinyathelo sokuqala sithatha lesi sifo. Isifo se-bipolar yilokho ngempela kumuntu, kuphela owaziyo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwanele kuyadingeka, kodwa isifiso sokuthuthukisa izimpilo zabo nokusekela abathandekayo babo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni izimpawu nokukhula kwesikhathi "sokukhanya". Imodi efanele ye "ukulala - ukuvuka", ukwenqatshwa kwezidakamizwa, ukudla okunempilo nokujabulela imidlalo yakho oyintandokazi ngendlela yokulondoloza - ukusiza ukugcina ingqondo efanele. Ukufunda izindaba zabantu, ukuxhumana nalabo abaphatha ukugula kwabo - bashukunyiswa ukuba baphumelele.
Indlela yokuphatha ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar?
Lesi sifo singenakho ukulungiswa kwezokwelapha, ngezinye izikhathi siphulukiswe ngokuphelele. Iyini ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo eguquguqukayo futhi iphathwa kanjani? Udokotela ongumhlengikazi uqoqa ngokucophelela i-anamnesis yesiguli, ufunda umlando womndeni wakhe, uqhuba ukuhlolwa. Ukuqinisekiswa kokutholakala kwezidakamizwa kuhambisane nokukhethwa kwezidakamizwa kuye ngesigaba nokuqina komkhakha wayo, ukubekezelelana komuntu ngamunye.
Isifo sengqondo se-bipolar siphathwa ngemithi ehlukahlukene. Ama-antidepressants asetshenziswa esigabeni sokucindezeleka. Ku-manic - neuroleptics, antipsychotics, ama-anticonvulsants. Ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuguqulwa (ukususa isiguli esimweni esingaphambene nalokho), ukuqiniswa kwemizwa (normotimics), i-serotonin e-reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe inqunywe kunoma yisiphi isigaba.
Isifo se-bipolar - ubani ongasebenza naye?
Ukugcwaliseka komphakathi kanye nempumelelo, vumela abantu bazizwe bebalulekile. Ukuphazamiseka komuntu obhekene ne-bipolar kuhilela imingcele ethile ekukhethweni komsebenzi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukuba ngumchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi okhethwe nguye. Umsebenzi ophikisanayo ngokuhamba ngezinkampani eziningi, ebusuku.
I-bipolar disorder kanye nobuciko
Izisebenzi zobuciko ziphakamisa okungezona ezejwayelekile nokuqala kokucabanga, umbono ohlukile wezwe. Ukucwaninga kwezifo zengqondo ngabososayensi, kuqinisekisile ubudlelwane obuseduze phakathi kokuklama nokungaziphambuki ezithile kwi-psyche. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar phakathi kwabaculi, abadlali, abaculi, abalobi bekhulu leminyaka elidlule batholakala ngezinhlamvu zabo, autobiographies, imemo yezintandokazi, ezichazwe ezincwadini.
Izidumi ezinezinkinga zokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
Kunombono wokuthi isigaba somuntu se-bipolar disorder ngesimo esimnene (hypomania) yisisusa sokwakha. Ezweni lanamuhla, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu phakathi kwabantu bokudala. Isifo se-bipolar kubantu abaziwa kakhulu:
- Isifo se-bipolar - Demi Lovato . Umculi usanda kubeka isitatimende mayelana nalesi sifo. U-Demi uvume ukuthi esigabeni somuntu angabhala izingoma ezimbalwa ngobusuku.
- Isifo se-bipolar nguCatherine Ceta-Jones . Inkanyezi yenza isivumiso ngesifo, ukuze sisize abanye bazizwe bekhululekile ukuxhumana nochwepheshe bezosizo.
- Isifo se-bipolar nguMarilyn Monroe . I-Kinodiv yekhulu leminyaka elidlule yahlushwa yizinkinga zokulala, ukuhlukumeza nokuthukuthela. Wenza imizamo yokuzibulala.
- I-Britney Spears - ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar . Umculi udume ngama-antics akhe ahlambalaza, agxilile utshwala nezidakamizwa.
- I-Ruby Rose - ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar . Imodeli yase-Australia ye-orientation engeyona yendabuko.
- Isifo se-bipolar - Vivien Leigh . Ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuhlulekile, kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhashana sesifo sofuba, umdlali wezandla waqala ukucindezeleka, elandelwa ukuphazamiseka kokuhlaselwa.
- UVan Gogh - ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar . Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kwakwenza ukuba i-psychosis, ngenxa yalokho, lo mculi wazibulala.
Demi Lovato
Catherine Zeta-Jones
UMarilyn Monroe
I-Britney Spears
Ruby Rose
Vivien Leigh
UVincent van Gogh