- Indawo: Balboa, Panama
- Ubude obuphelele: 1.654 m
- Ububanzi bebridge : 10.4 m
- Ukuvula: Okthoba 12, 1962
ERiphablikhi yasePanama kunendlela ebhekile yokuhamba emgwaqweni wePanama Canal ePacific Ocean eBalboa futhi iyingxenye yePan-American Highway. Ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuthi iThecher Ferry Bridge (i-Thatcher's Ferry Bridge), kodwa kamuva yaqanjwa ngokuthi iBridge of the Two Americas (Puente de las Américas).
Ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nezikhangayo
Ukutholakala kwenzeka ngo-1962, futhi izindleko zokwakha zazingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 zamaRandi. Kuze kube ngu-2004 (kuze kube yilapho iBridge liqala ukwakhiwa), bekuyiyona ibhuloho elilodwa elingenangqondo emhlabeni elixhuma amazwekazi amabili aseMelika.
Ibhuloho lamaMelika amabili laklanywa futhi lakhiwa yi-American firm ebizwa nge-Sverdrup & Parcel. Into enikeziwe inikeze ukwandisa kakhulu ukuhamba kwezimoto ngokusebenzisa isiteshi. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwakukhona amabhuloho amabili we-drawbri anamakhono anqunyiwe. Eyokuqala kwalokhu kwakuyisibhuloho sezimoto esiteshini se- Miraflores Gateway , kanti sesibili esangweni leGatun.
Umlando wendalo
Ngemuva kweKhansela yePanama, kwavela ukuthi imizi yasePanama neColon ihlukaniswe nombuso. Le nkinga ayakhathazeki nje kuphela izakhamuzi zendawo, kodwa nohulumeni. Inombolo yezimoto ezifisa ukuwela lesi sakhiwo sinyuke futhi. Ngenxa yendima eqhubekayo yemikhumbi emidlalweni ye-drawbridges, amajamu amakhulu omgwaqo akhiwe. Amapulangwe amaningana aqalisiwe, kodwa akakwazanga ukulayisha umgwaqo.
Ngemva kwalokho, ukuphatha iPanamani kwanquma ukwakha ibhuloho elingenangqondo, futhi ngo-1955 kwasayinwa iSivumelwano Sokudumisa saseRonon-Eisenhower.
Ukwakhiwa kweBhuloho lamaBili amabili aseMelika kwaqala ngo-1959 ngomkhosi owawuhambele ummeli wase-US uJulian Harrington noMongameli u-Ernesto de la Guardia Navarro.
Incazelo yokwakhiwa
Ibhuloho lama-America amabili lanezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu zobuciko: lenziwe ngokwakhiwa kwekhonkri kanye nensimbi ye-cantilever, lapho inhloko eyenziwe khona ngendlela yesigcawu. Ubude obuphelele bhuloho ngu-1654 m, inani lezinsiza kusukela ekusekelwa kuya ekusekeleni liyi-14 m, okuyinhloko yawo lingama-344 m futhi lixhunywe yi-arch (ingxenye eyinhloko ye-span main), enesayizi yobubanzi obuyi-259 m.
Iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu lokwakheka ngu-117 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ngokuqondene ne-lumen ngaphansi kwesigaba esiyinhloko, emanzini kunamamitha ayi-61.3. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, yonke imikhumbi edlula ngaphansi kwebhuloho inemibandela yokuphakama ecacile.
Ibhuloho elivela emikhawulweni yalo emibili linemigwaqo ebanzi eqinisekisa ukungena okuphephile nokuphuma kuyo, futhi ihlukaniswe yaba yizi-4. Futhi kunezindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisikili kulabo abafuna ukuwela uphawu oluyisimangaliso ngokwabo.
Ibhuloho lamaMelika amabili asePanama ngamehlo amahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, lapho ikhanyiswa nxazonke ngezibani. Umbono ongcono kuwo uvula kusukela emgodini wokubuka, osegqumeni, eduze komsele. Umbono omuhle uzophinde uvela eqenjini le-yacht e- Balboa , kwesinye sezikebhe eziningi ezihamba lapha.
Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi imikhumbi idlula ngaphansi kwebhuloho, akudingeki ukuthi ukhethe isikhathi esithile salokhu: inqwaba yemikhumbi idlula njalo ngaphansi kwayo.
Ekuqaleni, iBhuloho lamaMelika amabili lawela izimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-9.5 ngosuku. Ngo-2004, yanda, futhi phakathi kwayo kwafika izimoto ezingaphezu kwama-35,000. Kodwa ngisho nalesi sibalo sasinganele okwenyukayo, ngakho ngo-2010 iBridge yekhulu leminyaka yakhiwa.
Ungafika kanjani?
Uma unemoto, kulula ukufika eBhulodini lamaMelika amabili, lokhu kufanele ulandele iPan-American Highway. Futhi lapha ungathatha itekisi kusukela emkhatsini wamadolobha aseduze, izindleko azikho ngaphezu kwama-$ 20.