Phakathi kokungapheleli kwesimonyo ebusweni, i-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu livamile kubantu besifazane. Lokhu kungukuhlunga, ukwehluleka kwejwabu leso, okuvame ukubonakala kancane kancane futhi ekugcineni liqhubeke. Abaningi bafuna izindlela zokususa isici esinjalo, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukuqala ukuthola imbangela yayo.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - izimbangela
Ukuqeda isenzakalo esijabulisayo kuyoba lula uma unquma ukuthi yini ehlobene nokubukeka kwayo. I-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu lingase lihlobanise nokukhubazeka okungavamile noma kube nokukhubazeka okutholakele. Ukuphuma kwe-congenital yejwabu leso eliphezulu lihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- i-ptosis efakwe ngokofuzo ne-underdevelopment ye-muscle ephakamisa ijwabu leso eliphezulu (ukunciphisa, ukunciphisa, ukukhululeka noma ukuntuleka kwemisipha);
- i-ptosis ye-neurological nature (i-nervo, ingasondeli isisindo sekhulu leminyaka, isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko siphukile), sakhiwe ngo-utero ngenxa yezifo ezahlukene zomama noma ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha.
Izimbangela zokuthola i-ptosis zingase zibe izici eziholela ku-paresis noma ukukhubazeka kwesisipha esithwala ukuphakamisa ijwabu leso eliphezulu nokuvula iso. Le misipha ibizwa ngokuthi i-levator, itholakala ngaphansi koqweqwe olunamafutha lwejwabu leso eliphezulu, elihlanganisa ipuleti le-tarsal cartilaginous kanye nesikhumba sejwabu leso. Ukwengeza, ukuguqulwa kuvela ngenxa yokunciphisa, ukwelula noma ukuguqula i-levator. Kuye ngesizathu, bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziyisisekelo ezinjalo ze-ptosis etholakalayo:
I-aponeurotic ehlobene no:
- ukuguga ngokujwayelekile komzimba;
- umonakalo kumfucu we-muscle noma i-aponeurosis ye-muscle (ithoni ye-tendon) ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma ukuhlinzwa okwe-ophthalmic, plastic.
2. Neurogenic, okubangelwa:
- ukulimala umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa;
- izifo ze-neurological (isifo, isifo sobunzima kanye nabanye);
- ukutheleleka kwesimiso sezinzwa;
- ukunqotshwa kwe-nervous sympical sympical, okumele ikhulise ijwabu leso;
- I-neuropathy kubantu abanesifo sikashukela;
- aneurysm engasebenzi.
3. I-Myasthenic, ebangelwa i-myasthenia gravis ejwayelekile.
4. Imishini evela ku:
- Ukwakhiwa kwesibazi esibuhlungu phezu kwejwabu leso;
- ukwakheka kwe-spike;
- ukushaya umzimba wangaphandle emehlweni.
5. I-Oncogenic, eholela ekukhuleni kwesisu esibi esibuyeni.
Ptosis Congenital yejwabu leso eliphezulu
Ezimweni eziningi, ukungabikho kokubeletha, ukwehluleka kwesimo sofuzo sejwabu leso eliphezulu, okudluliselwa komunye wabazali, kunhlangothi ezimbili. Lesi siphambeko esihlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-muscle we-eyelidi ephezulu kutholakala ebuntwaneni futhi kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-strabismus noma i-amblyopia. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-ptosis ebusweni ibangelwa yi-palpebromandibular syndrome, lapho i-musculature yejwabu leso eliphakeme lingalondolozwa yisenzo semisipha yomhlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ptosis ivela ngokumelene nesizinda se-blepharophimosis, lapho kugcizelela nokunciphisa igebe leso.
I-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu ngemuva kwe-botox
Umphumela ohlangothini ovame ukuphela kwekhulu ngemva kweBotox. Lesi senzakalo esingathandeki sibonakala ku-15-20% weziguli ezithatha izinqubo zokujova ngamalungiselelo we-botulinum toxin ebunzini. Isizathu se-ptosis kuleli cala ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa singene emisipha ephakamisa ijwabu leso eliphezulu, okubangela ukuba lihlehlise. Lokhu kuvame ukukwenzeka lapho ukuvuselela ukwelashwa kwe-botox kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezincane kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho imisipha yobuso ayinaso isikhathi sokubuyisela ukuhamba kwawo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukwehluleka kwamajwabu amehlo kubangelwa ukuphathwa kwemali enkulu ngokweqile yesidakamizwa noma indlela engenzi lutho ekumakalweni kwamaphuzu we-injection, lapho izici zobuso zesimo zingabanjwanga (isibonelo, isikhumba esincane) futhi ukujola kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nesimiso jikelele. Uma lezi zici zikhethiwe ngokungafanele, ijwabu leso lizama ukugula ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwemisipha, eyayingahlelelwe ukulimaza.
Ukwephulwa kwejwabu leso eliphezulu emva kokulunywa kwezinambuzane
Kwenzeka ukuthi ukwehluleka kwebanga leminyaka kuhlotshaniswe nokulunywa endaweni yamehlo ezinambuzane ezihlukene - izinambuzane, i-midge, izinyosi nokunye. Kulesi simo, kukhona i-edema yokuvuvukala-okwehliswayo, okubangela ukugoqa kwejwabu leso. Kulesi simo, ngaphezu kwezibonakaliso ze-ptosis, kunezibonakaliso ezinjengokubuyiselwa kwejwabu leso, ukukhukhumeza kwayo, isikhumba esibucayi nokuzwa okuvuthayo.
Uhlobo lobudala bejwabu leso eliphezulu
Kwasebekhulile, ukwehla kwejwabu eliphakeme le-imbangela kuhlotshaniswa nokubuthakathaka nokweluleka kwamagundane nemisipha ye-muscle, ngenxa yalokho izicubu zesikhumba ziqala ukuqhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuqondiswa ukwehla okuhlobene nobudala esikhunjeni ngenxa yokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen kanye ne-elastin, ukuphazamiseka kwe-microcirculation kwezicubu kanye nezinye izinqubo ezihlobene nokuguga.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - izimpawu
Lapho ijwabu leso lihlala phansi, lokhu kuboniswa yizibonakaliso ezilandelayo:
- ijwabu leso eliphansi elinomzimba owodwa noma kokubili amehlo, okuholela ekuvaleni okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kwegebe leso (ekugcineni kwejwabu leso eliphezulu lihlanganisa iris ngaphezu kuka 1.5 mm);
- ihlale iphakanyiswe amashiya ngenxa yokuzama ukukhokhela i-ptosis;
- isibonakaliso sobuso obuthongo;
- umkhuba wokuphonsa ikhanda lakho ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala;
- ubunzima ekukhanyeni ukunyakaza kwamehlo;
- ubunzima noma ukungakwazi ukuvala iso ngokuphelele;
- ukhathala kweso;
- ukunciphisa amandla okubukwa;
- umbono kabili , inzwa yesihlabathi kubo;
- ukuthambekela kokuvuvukala kwamehlo.
Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi i-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu akuyona nje iphutha lobuhle, kepha isifo esibucayi se-ophthalmic esingashukumisa ukukhubazeka okukhulu okubukwayo. Okuyingozi kakhulu uma ukwelapha kuhlangene. Unganaki izimpawu ze-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu, ngisho nokubizwa kancane, akunakwenzeka, ngoba ukuphambuka kuyakwazi ukuthuthuka ngokushesha.
I-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - degree
Kuncike ekutheni izinga lejwabu leso liyancipha kangakanani maqondana nomfundi wehlo, i-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu lihlukaniswe ngamazinga amathathu obukhulu:
- i-ptosis yezinga lokuqala lejwabu leso eliphezulu - uma ingxenye yesithathu yomfundi ihlanganiswa;
- i-ptosis yezinga lesi-2 - uma ingxenye yomfundi ihlanganiswa noma 2/3 ingxenye yayo;
- i-ptosis 3 degrees - kusho ukumbozwa okuphelele komfundi wehlo.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - ukuxilongwa
Ukuze uhlolisise i-pathology embuzweni, kudingeka ukuhlolwa okuvamile okuphathelene ne-ophthalmologic, ngokungafihli kwejwabu leso kanye nezinga layo ngokusho kwebanga phakathi kwendawo yomfundi kanye nomkhawulo wejwabu leso eliphezulu. Ukuze uthole imbangela yokuphambuka kanye nezinkinga ezibangelwa yilo, udokotela uhlola ukuhamba kwamajwabu amehlo namashiya, ukulinganisa kokunyakaza kwamehlo, kunquma ubungako bomkhuhlane wejwabu leso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhali kanye nomkhakha wombono usungulwa, i-fundus ifundiswa, ukucindezelwa kwe-intraocular kulinganiswa.
Uma kukhona ukusola kwezilonda ezibuhlungu ezakhiweni zethambo, i-radiographic overview of the orbit inikezwe ukukhomba isayithi lesilonda, futhi uma isimiso sezinzwa sikholelwa, ukucabangela komshini noma ukucabangela kwamakhompiyutha angase kunconywe. Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuba uxoxe nesazi sezinzwa zegazi, i-neurosurgeon.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa okhethekile ekunciphiseni ijwabu leso akudingeki, uma lesi yisimo sesikhashana. Isibonelo, i-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu, elibangelwa ukulunywa kwezinambuzane, lizoziqeda ngokwabo ngemuva kokuvuvukala kwehla. Ukuze kuphuthumise lokhu, i-antihistamine yangaphandle (i-Fenistil) nezidakamizwa zesistimu (i- Loratadine , i-Suprastin), i-corticosteroids yendawo (i-Advantan, i-Hydrocortisone) isetshenziswa. Kuyafana ne-ptosis ngemuva kokujova kwe-Botox, okwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa (ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa zinganconywa ukuba ziqondiswe ngokusheshisa kokuhamba kwemisipha - i-Neuromidine, i-apraklonidine).
I-ptosis ehlobene neminyaka yokwelashwa okungaphezulu kwejwabu leso ingaba yinto eqondile, kanti ezimweni eziningi zincoma ukuqinisa imaski yezokwelapha zokulungiswa, ama-cream kanye nomphumela wokuphakamisa. Uma kutholakala i-ptosis ye-neurogenic yejwabu eliphakeme, ukuthi ungayilahla kanjani, udokotela uzokutshela ngemuva kochungechunge lwezifundo. Ngokuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo, ukubuyisela umsebenzi wokhetho lomzimba:
- Izinqubo ze-Physiotherapeutic ( UHF , galvanotherapy, i-myostimulation, i-paraffin therapy);
- amalungiselelo okudla okunomsoco ( amavithamini B );
- massage ekhethekile kanye nokuvocavoca kwamehlo.
Ukubhunga nge-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu
Emitholampilo nase-cosmetology salons ukulungisa lesi simo ezinyangeni zokuqala kungancoma ukusikhipha ibhulogi nokugcoba nge-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu. Ngokuzikhandla kungenzeka ukuqhuba ukusikhipha kanye nasekhaya, kulandela izincomo ezinjalo (ubude beseshini ngu-5-10 imizuzu):
- Susa ukwakheka, sebenzisa amafutha e-cosmetic esikhumbeni.
- Izingxenyana eziyinkimbinkimbi zenza amajwabu angaphezulu ayenze izinkomba zenkomba kusukela ngaphakathi kuya ekona langaphandle liso.
- Qhubeka ukusikhipha, ukushintsha ukukhanya kwe-stroking.
- Isigaba esilandelayo senza ukunyakaza kokunyakaza ngendlela efanayo (ungathinti ama-eyeballs).
- Ekupheleni kweseshini, vala amehlo akho ngamapayipi okotini afakwe ukumnika okufudumele kwe-chamomile, ubambe imizuzu eminingana.
Ukuvocavoca nge-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu
Ukuzivocavoca okulandelayo nge-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu kunika umphumela omuhle (umsebenzi ngamunye uphindwa izikhathi ezingu-10-15):
- Njengoba usubeke isikhundla esihle, bheka phambili futhi wenze izinyathelo ezihambayo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngamehlo ngokungahambisani ne-clockwise.
- Ukwenza ukunyakaza ngamehlo phezulu nangaphansi.
- Ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakhe, ukuvula kancane umlomo wakhe bese uphazamisa amehlo akhe ngokushesha imizuzwana engu-30; Ukuhumusha umbono kusuka endaweni eyikude kuleyo eseduzane kwamehlo nakwehlukile.
- Ukuvala amehlo akhe nokubamba izinwele zakhe ngeminwe yakhe, yenza imizamo yokuvula amehlo akhe ngokubanzi ngangokunokwenzeka; ecindezela umunwe wakhe ebhuloho ekhaleni lakhe, ebuka eceleni ngeso lakhe lesobunxele noma lesokudla.
- Blink imizuzwana embalwa bese uvule amehlo akho ngokucacile.
Ukwehluleka kwejwabu leso eliphezulu - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Uma i-ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu ikhonjelwa, ukwelashwa ekhaya kungase kwenezelwe ngamakhambi omuntu usebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo. Ngakho, imiphumela emihle ibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwamaski amajwabu amehlo asekelwe amazambane amasha. Lezi zinqubo zisiza ukususa ukukhukhumeza, ukuqinisa nokuqinisa isikhumba nxazonke , okusiza ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-ptosis. Wena nje grate amazambane on the grater, epholile mass okuholela ku esiqandisini futhi basebenzise amajwabu amehlo imizuzu 10-15 ke ugeze ngamanzi.
I-Ptosis yejwabu leso eliphezulu - ukusebenza
Uma kuphakama lo mbuzo mayelana nokuthi ungaphilisa kanjani i-ptosis ye-eyisikili ephakeme 2 noma ama-3, ngeke kube khona ukufeza imiphumela emihle ngaphandle kwamasu okuhlinza. Ukusebenza kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo noma jikelele. Uma kwenzeka i-ptosis engavamile, imisipha ephakamisa ijwabu leso isifinyelelwe, futhi nge-pathology etholakalayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-muscle kuyadlula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye encane yesikhumba isusiwe futhi isetshenziswa suture siyasetshenziswa. Ukuze unciphise ukuhlukumezeka, ukuthuthukisa ukonakala kwejwabu leso, i-diathermocoagulation isetshenziselwa ukusebenza.