I-Prokinetics yimithi ephathelene neqembu lezinsizi zomzimba ezisemathunjini. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo lixhunywe nabo. Uhlu lwezidakamizwa zeprokinetic, ezizobonakala yizo zonke izidumbu ze-gastroenterologists, azikho. Ochwepheshe abahlukene bachaza ngokuhlukileyo uhlu olunjalo. Iyini i-prokinetics?
Abaphikisi beprokinetic ye-dopamine receptors
Umphumela wabaphikisana namaprojekti usekelwe ekutheni babophezela ngokushesha ku-D2-dopamine receptors futhi banciphise kakhulu impendulo yabo kumpawu zemvelo zomzimba womuntu. Ngenxa yalokhu basiza ukuvuselela umsebenzi wesisu, kanye nokugqugquzela isenzo se-antiemetic. Uhlu lwalezi zidakamizwa zeprokineti luhlanganisa:
- I-Bromopride;
- I-Domperidone;
- I-Metoclopramide;
- I-Dimetramipid.
Ngokuvamile, zonke zazo zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-Domperidone yamathambo, naphezu kokuthi iprokinetic yesizukulwane sesibili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ayinayo imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Abanye ochwepheshe babhekisela kuleli qembu labaphikisana no-Itopride. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni lokhu akubonakali, ngoba kunomthelela wokuvimbela i-acetylcholine. Futhi kuleli qembu leprokinetics kukhona amalungiselelo esizukulwane sokuqala sikaReblan noCerukal. Futhi konke ngenxa yesithako sabo esisebenzayo yi-metoclopramide. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, kungabangela i-tachycardia, i-tinnitus, ukulala nokusizi.
Ama-prokinetic antagonists asetshenziswa lapho:
- i-achalasia ye-esophagus ;
- isilonda sesisu noma i-duodenum;
- ukusika kwamathumbu, okwenzeka ngemva kokusebenza;
- flatulence;
- ukwelashwa kwesifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal;
- i-dyspepsia esebenzayo;
- ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwama-bile ducts.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, izidakamizwa eziyingxenye yaleli qembu zingahle zibekwe izifo zezinso nesibindi, ukuhlanza nokufelwa yisisulu esibangelwa izifo ezithathelwanayo, noma nge-radiation therapy. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuhlanza ngaphambi kokuphela kwe-endoscopy noma izifundo ezihlukahlukene ze-radiopaque.
Ama-Prokinetics-ama-stimulants we-intestinal peristalsis
I-prokinetics eyaziwa kakhulu kuleli qembu yilawo maqhinga aphethe amagama kaCoordax noMozapride. Zifana kakhulu nendlela yokusebenza. Zihluke kuphela kulowo Mozapride cishe awunamthelela kumsebenzi wesiteshi se-potassium, futhi lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yomzimba.
Leli qembu lihlanganisa nezidakamizwa ezinjengokuthi:
- I-Aceclidine;
- I-Cerulety;
- I-Physiostigmine;
- I-Pyridostigmine i-bromide;
- I-Galantamine;
- Neostigmine monosulfate.
Ama-prokinetics-agonists e-receptors e-motilin
Izidakamizwa zeprokineti zihlanganisa nezidakamizwa ezibopha imithi ye-motilin receptors (i-hormone esisiza ukwandisa ingcindezi ku-sphincter esezansi engezansi, okufaka ekuthumeni). Lokhu kufaka:
- I-azithromycin;
- I-Clarithromycin;
- I-Atilmotine;
- I-Erythromycin.
Lezi zidakamizwa ziholela ekuphambeni okuqinile kwe-peristaltic. Ngenxa yalokho, isisu sisuka ekudleni okuketshezi noma okuqinile. Futhi, isikhathi sokuhamba kokuqukethwe emathunjini amakhulu siyancipha kakhulu, ngisho nasesifo esithile, isibonelo, nesifo sikashukela se-gastroparesis noma i-systemic scleroderma eqhubekayo.
Uma ngabe u-agonists anikezwe i-prokinetic ye-receptor ye-motilin, qaphela ngoba anemiphumela emibi. Isibonelo, i-Erythromycin, ethathwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, ingandisa ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokukhubazeka okukhulu kwe-cardiac.