- Ikheli: Place de l'Evêché 1, 7500 Tournai, Belgium
- Ifoni: +32 69 84 34 69
- Iwebhusayithi: cathedrale-tournai.be
- Ukuvula: 1338
- Ukuqala kokwakhiwa: 1146.
- Izitayela zokwakha : Izakhiwo ze- Romanesque, izakhiwo zeBaroque eFrance, izakhiwo ze-Gothic
- Izindleko zokuvakashela: mahhala
Elinye lamaKatolika amakhulu kunawo onke eYurophu, anomlando ocebile futhi asinda esikhathini sethu esimweni esihle kakhulu, i-Notre Dame eTurna iyigugu laseBelgium , ukuziqhenya kwayo kanye nefa. Lesi sikhumbuzo sakhiwo sakhiwa ohlwini lwamasayithi amasiko avikelwe ngokukhethekile e-UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Umlando wendalo
I-Cathedral yase-Notre-Dame eBelgian Tour ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-800 ubudala. Sizakhele izingxenye, futhi ukwakhiwa kwadonsa kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka.
Umlando wetshe lesikhumbuzo uqala ngo-1110, ngakho-ke, ngokushintshanisa isigodlo sombhishobhi owabhujiswa nesakhiwo esontweni, banquma ukwakha ithempeli likaMama kaNkulunkulu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-12, isakhiwo esikhulu sakhiwa, umbhoshongo, i-choir kanye ne-neves eceleni. Zonke lezi zakhiwo zenziwe ngesitayela samaRoma, kodwa ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka eminyaka, ekhulwini le-XIII baqala ukusebenzisa isitayela seGothic, kanti ezinye izakhiwo zangaphambili zabhujiswa futhi zaqala ukwakha ezintsha. Isebenza ngokulungiswa kwesakhiwo kwakungasheshi, ngezinye izikhathi ngeziphazamiso ezinkulu, futhi isikhumbuzo sonke sakhiwo sasikulungele kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI.
Kuyini okuthakazelisayo nge-cathedral?
I-Notre-Dame Cathedral in Turn iyisihlalo sobuBhishobhi bamaKatolika futhi kusukela ngo-2000 kuye kwafakwa ohlwini njengeNdawo Yomhlaba We-UNESCO. Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli lihlaba umxhwele ngobuhle balo obungavamile, ubukhulu nokucatshangelwa kwemininingwane. Ukubukeka kwezakhiwo kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kufaka phakathi izici zezitayela ze-Romanesque nezamaGothic.
Emklamo wangaphandle we-Notre Dame eTurna, sizokhetha i-portio yamaGothi eseceleni esentshonalanga. Ingxenye engezansi ye-facade ihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso eyenziwe ngezikhathi ezahlukene (XIV, XVI kanye ne-XVII leminyaka), lapho ungabona abangcwele bakaNkulunkulu noma umlando womlando weTestamente Elidala. Ukuphakama okuncane, qaphela iwindi le-rose, i-triangular pediment kanye nemibhoshongo emibili ehlangene.
I-cathedral inemibhoshongo emihlanu, enye yayo ingaphakathi, kanti enye enye iyimibhoshongo yebell futhi ikhona emagumbini. Umbhoshongo oyinhloko unesimo esibukwele futhi ukhonjiswe ophahleni lwe-pyramidal octagonal. Ukuphakama kwayo yonke imibhoshongo cishe kufana futhi kufinyelela kumamitha angu-83, kanti ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kungamamitha angu-58 nobubanzi buyizingamamitha angu-36. Ubude bayo buyizingamamitha angu-134, okufana nobude be-Notre Dame Cathedral.
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Umhlobiso omuhle wangaphakathi wekhamera elihle kakhulu eBelgium . I-neve yama-four-story ne-transept yakhiwa ngekhulu le-12 ngokuvumelana nayo yonke imithetho yesitayela sezakhiwo ze-Romanesque. Uheha ukunakekelwa kwezivakashi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe zonkulunkulu baseGibhithe lasendulo, iNdlovukazi yaseFrankani enenkemba ezandleni zayo kanye namakhanda abantu emakhanda. Eminye yalezi zinhloko zikhona zinezinsalela zokwakha kanye nemidwebo enemibala eminingi.
Isici esiyingqayizivele salesi sikhumbuzo sezakhiwo yi-Gothic yezinga eliphezulu lamathathu, elihlukaniswa nakho konke okuvela epulpiti ngesitayela se-Romanesque. Ipulpiti ngokwayo ihlotshiswe ngezansi ezihlambulukile eziyishumi nambili ezibonisa izigcawu zesidumbu sikaKristu kanye nezindaba zeTestamente Elidala.
Umcebo we-cathedral uyamangalisa ngokunethezeka nokukhazimulayo. Kukhona ubuciko bokudweba, ama-arches kanye nama-krayfish ebuyele ekhulwini le-13, lapho kugcinwa khona ama-relic. Ngokwesibonelo, kwelinye lamasonto umdlavuza we-Virgin Mary owasungulwa, ngokusho kwezendabuko zendawo kwasindisa leli dolobha ngesifo sekhulu le-11. Ethempelini likaSt. Luke, umdwebo kaRubens "uPurgatory" kanye neCrucifix yekhulu le-16 bhala kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinye izikhukhula e-cathedral ungabona imisebenzi yama-Dutch and Flemish yokudweba amakhosi.
Kuzo zonke izivakashi
I-Notre Dame ku-Turn iyatholakala kalula ngezinyawo ukusuka esiteshini sesitimela somuzi, esiseduze ne-1 km. Umgwaqo uzokuthatha imizuzu engu-15 kuphela. Izitimela e-Tournai zivela emadolobheni amaningi aseBelgium , isibonelo, umzila ovela eBrussels uzoba ngaphansi kwehora. Futhi esitimeleni ungathola kusuka eFrance Lille naseParis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khumbula ukuthi ezindleleni zangaphakathi, i-Tourne ingabhekiselwa ku-Doornijk.
Futhi ungasebenzisa indiza, isevisi yebhasi, uthathe itekisi noma uqashe imoto . Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izikhumulo zezindiza eziseduze ziseLille noma eBrussels, isikhathi sokuhamba esivela eBrussels sithatha cishe amahora amabili ngebhasi, futhi umgwaqo obalulekile wemigwaqo ubizwa nge-N7. Uma ufika ekhedenila ngemoto, bheka izixhumanisi ze-GPS-umzila wezokuvakasha ekhonjisiwe ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, futhi uzothola kalula i-Notre-Dame enkulukazi ku-Turn.
Amahora okuvulwa: Ngo-Ephreli-Okthoba - ngezinsuku zamasonto i-cathedral ivuliwe ngo-9: 00-18: 00, umnotho ngo-10: 00-18: 00. Ngezimpelasonto namaholidi i-cathedral ivuliwe ngo-9: 00-18: 00, iphule ngo-12: 00-13: 00; ukungena emcebweni kusukela ngo-13: 00 kuya ku-18: 00. NgoNovemba-Mashi - ngezinsuku zamasonto i-cathedral iyagijima kusukela ngo-9: 00 kuya ku-17: 00, umgcinimafa kusukela ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-17: 00. Ngezimpelasonto nangamaholide, i-cathedral ibamba izivakashi kusukela ngo-9: 00 kuya ku-17: 00 ngekhefu kusukela ngo-12: 00 kuya ku-13: 00; ukungena emcebweni kusukela ngo-13: 00 kuya ku-17: 00.
Intengo yamathikithi: ukuvakashela i-khedithera mahhala kuzo zonke izigaba zezakhamuzi emahoreni omsebenzi ocacisiwe. Ithikithi ithengwa kuphela kumgcinimafa. Izindleko zokungena kubantu abadala - 2.5 €, ukuhambela iqembu - 2 €, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 - mahhala.
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