I-Courgettes - ukutshala nokukhathalela emhlabathini ovulekile, izimfihlo zokuvuna okucebile

Abalimi abaningi bakhula emasimini asezindaweni zasemaphandleni, ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kwabo akulona nzima kakhulu. Bathandwa ngenxa yokungazitholi ekuhlakuleleni, ukunambitheka okumnandi kanye nezimfanelo zokudla. Umkhiqizo wendawo yonke ungase uthosiwe, uthwetshiwe, ukheniwe. Uma ukhula futhi unakekela imifino, udinga ukucabangela ezinye ze-nuances.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle ze-courgettes ezivulekile

I-zucchini yensimu iyisiko le-herbaceous, izibhamu zalo ezinamaqabunga amaqabunga amahlanu adala isihlahla esinamandla esinama-coronal abesilisa nabesifazane abawela impova. Izithelo zitholakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zombala womnqumo, utshani, umhlophe noma emifushane. Ukuvuna kuvuthwe ngokushesha futhi ngobuningi. Ukusebenza ekuqoqweni kwekusasa kuqala ngokukhethwa kwezinhlamvu zembewu. Kudingeka ukwazi ukuthi i-zucchini iyathandwa uma ikhula, yiziphi izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu ezithengelwe ukuzalanisa endaweni yesigodi. Okudumile kunazo zonke:

I-swan yasekuqaleni - White, Zebra, Anna, Zolotinka. Zigugu ngokukhiqiza kwazo okuphezulu kanye nokulimala okude. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Tsukesh idume ngesikhumba sayo esincane, ukunambitheka okucwengileko. Isihlahla sinamakhaza, sinezithelo ezinama-tubular ngobukhulu be-50m ngesisindo ku-0,4-1 kg.

Ukuvuthwa okuphakathi-i-Nephrite, i-Black, i-Kuand. Okungaphezu kwakho konke, i-Macaroni hybrid iyamangalisa - uma upheka, inyama iyaguquka ibe yizintambo ezifakiwe, njenge-spaghetti.

Ukuvuthwa kwesikhashana - i-Tivoli, i-Nut, i-Long-fruited. Isikhathi sokuqedwa kwazo izinyanga ezingu-3, ziyamukeleka ekugcineni isikhathi eside kanye nokuvalwa kwebusika.

I-zucchini egcizelelwe ikakhulukazi - i-Aeronaft, i-Zebra. Bakha ukunxusa kokufika komhlaba, ukuphepha kweqoqo.

Ukutshala i-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile

Uma ufisa, ku-cottage uthole i-zucchini, ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kukhiqizwa yi-seedling noma imbewu. Ukuzalanisa ukhethe ukukhanya kwelanga, ukuvikeleka endaweni yomoya, kungcono emithambekeni engeningizimu. Ukukhanyisa kakhudlwana, ukukhuphula isivuno kanye nokushesha kokuqala kokukhula kwe-fruiting. Ukuqoqa isikwashi esiqinile, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwenziwa kwisayithi nanoma yikuphi uku-predmestnikami, ngaphandle kwelanga. Isitshalo emva kwabo akukhuthazwa ukutshala cishe iminyaka emithathu. Imifino ikhula ngokuphumelelayo kwi-substrate ene-humus ecebile, evundile nemingcele engathathi hlangothi. Ukulungiswa komhlaba:

indawo yesikhulumi igcwele umquba kusuka ekwindla, uma kunesidingo, umquba uma umhlabathi usu-acidic;
Ngentwasahlobo, u-10-15 kg we-plant compost, 50-60 g we-superphosphate, inqwaba yezinkuni zokhuni yanezelwa ngehora elingu-1 m ² .

Ukutshala izithombo zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukusebenzisa izithombo kukuvumela ukuba uthole imifino emincane futhi ukwandise isivuno. Izimiso zokulima kwazo:

Ukutshala, sebenzisa i-substrate yesitoreji esingahambisani nendawo noma wenze iqoqo ngokwakho, uhlanganise i-peat 50%, umhlaba we-20% we-sod, 20% we-humus eyomile kanye no-10% we-sawdust. Ukuze ukwandise i-acidity, ungaxuba umlotha ngomlotha noma ugoki. Le nhlanganisela ihlaselwa ngesisombululo se-manganese.
Imbewu yento eyodwa ifakwa emabhakheni we-Peat 10 cm ngaphesheya. Ziyancipha ngamalanga ama-2 cm ama-20 ngaphambi kokugodla emhlabathini, ehlanganiswe ngilazi, ishiya i-20-22 ° C.
Imbewu yokutshala izithombo ihlelwe ngezinsuku zokuqala zikaMeyi.
Lapho uhlahlela amahlumela, izimbiza ziyiswa endaweni epholile. Ukushisa kwelanga kufanele kube ngaphakathi kuka-15-18 ° C, ebusuku - + 13-15 ° C. Kudingekile ukuthi izithombo zingaguli.
Moisten njengoba i-coma ikhala ngamanzi afudumele.
Izithombo zondla ngezingxube zamaminerali: emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi emva kokuvela kwamahlumela amancane, ama-5-7 g we-superphosphate no-2-3 g we-urea ngamithayi angu-1 amanzi, adle ingxenye yengilazi yesitishi ngesobho. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukumnika kwamanzi amaningi 1:10 - 50 g ehlathini ngalinye. Ngemuva kwesonto, yenza ingxube ye-1 tsp nitrofoski ilitha lamanzi, usebenzisa ingilazi eyodwa ngebhodlela ngalinye. I-chlorine yamakhabe nemifino iyaphikisana.
Izithombo zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile zifakwa ngendwangu ye-substrate, igxila kuma-cotyledons.

Ukutshala i-zucchini enhlabathini ngembewu

Imithetho yokutshala imbewu:

Ngentwasahlobo, indawo iyaqhutshwa, izimbiza zenziwa nge-10 cm ejulile. Zifakwa emanzini amaningi omquba nomlotha, ixubana nomhlabathi;
ukuhlwanyela i-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile ukwenza kanje: imbewu 2-3 ifakwa emgodini owodwa, ukuze ibe nokucindezeleka 5-7 cm;
bafafaza umhlaba phezu kwawo futhi bahlanganiswe utshani obomile;
emva kokuhluma ihlumela eliqinile kuphela elisele, ezinye zifakelwa kabusha noma zisusiwe.

Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuba ucobe i-zucchini ngaphambi kokutshala?

Ukuze kutholakale inqwaba yembewu, imbewu kufanele ilungiswe. Indlela yokucwilisa imbewu ye-zucchini ngaphambi kokutshala:

shiya usuku ilitha lamanzi ashisayo ehlanganiswe ne-ash ash (noma izixazululo zikaZirkon , Epin);
indlela yesibili: ukufudumala imbewu elangeni amahora angu-24, ke-ke, emva kokufaka amahora angu-24 emanzini afudumele, gqoka indwangu emanzi izinsuku ezingu-3-4 (ubambe + ku-22-24 ° C);
ngenxa yezinqubo ezinjalo, imbewu ihluma futhi amahlumela amancane aphikisiwe kuwo.

Izinsuku zokutshala i-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuqothula kwamahlumela kwenzeka ngenyanga eyodwa emva kokuhluma kwamahlumela amancane - ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho kutshalwa izithombo zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile kakade uphephile. Ngalesi sikhathi akusisona isongo samagqabunga entwasahlobo kanti inhlabathi esakhiweni isuke ishushu - kufinyelela ku-13 ° C ngokujulile ibe yi-8-10 cm, njengoba kudingwa yi-agrotechnics. Imbewu itshalwe ngesikhathi esifanayo (uma le ndlela yokulima ikhethwa). Ukuvumela izithelo zisuswe isikhathi eside, zihlwanyelwa izikhathi eziningana ngekhefu kwezinsuku ezingu-5-6. Ukuzivikela ekusongweni kwesimo sezulu esibanda, isihlahla ngasinye singagubha ibhodlela lepulasitiki.

Ibanga lapho i-zucchini itshalwa khona

Ukutshala okuvamile kwe-courgettes ngembewu kwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo lwendabuko: ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa esakhiweni kufanele libe yi-1-1.5 m, naphakathi kwemigodi - cishe imitha engama-1. Lokhu kungukuthi akufanele kubekwe ama-3 emasimini ku-1 m ² yesayithi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izimbungu nemifino ingahlakulela ngokukhululekile, ngoba isitshalo esikhulu esinamahlamvu aluhlaza sikhula emvelweni we-zucchini. Izikhala ekutshaleni izithombo zivunyelwe ukwenza okuncane kakhulu.

Ama-Courgettes - akhule futhi anakekele emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze ufike esakhiweni se-zucchini enhle, ukulima nokunakekelwa kufanele kube ukuchelela okusetshenzisiwe kwesayithi, ukukhulula imibhede, ukudla njalo imifino, ukulwa nezidakamizwa. Ukulima okunamandla kunomthelela ukwanda kwezithelo ukukhula nokuvuthwa kwesivuno esinzima. I-Zucchini - ukutshala nokunakekelwa ensimini kanye nezinhlayiya zokulima kwazo:

ngokulinganisa amahlumela amancane kuyadingeka ukuba unciphise izitshalo;
ukuheha ama-pollinators, isihlahla sinyanyiswa nge-bolt kusuka ku-boric acid noshukela;
lapho izimbali zezihlahla ziqala, futhi azikho izinambuzane esakhiweni, kubalulekile ukuba usize ngesandla isitshalo ukuba iphole impova - ukuqeda imbali eyodwa yesilisa (okungenayo i-ovary ngemuva) bese ubhala nge-pestle 2-3 ama-stamens kuma-rosettes wesifazane;
esiteji sama-4-5 amashidi, isihlahla sincane kancane, lokhu kusiza ukwakheka kwezimpande eziyisithupha;
Ekupheleni konyaka, ukulungele ukudla imifino kumele kuvunyiwe ngesikhathi.

Zingaphi zucchini ezivulekile emhlabathini ovulekile?

Imbewu yamasiko ikhula ngokushesha. Imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo inikeza impendulo engavumelani ngokuthi zingaki zucchini ezivulekile emhlabathini ovulekile:

Ngosuku lwesihlanu emva kokutshala, ngo-15-16 ° C, amahlumela okuqala abonakala;
ngaphansi kwezimo + 12-13 ° C, bazokwenza proklyutsya ngosuku lwesi-7;
izithelo emva kwezinsuku 40-60 emva kokuhlwanyela, kuye ngezinhlobo.

Iyini lokushisa kwe-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile?

Izimo zokukhuphula i-courgettes zihlanganisa ukuhambisana nezimo zokushisa eziba ngo-18 ° C kuya ku-25 ° C. Isiko singakwazi ukumelana nokupholisa ukufika ku- + 4-7 ° C, kodwa okwesikhashana. Uma izinga lokushisa eliphansi lemvelo lihlala isikhathi eside, ukuthuthukiswa kwezithelo kuyama futhi izihlahla zifa. Ekushiseni, imifino ingawa, i-ovary ayifaki.

Indlela yokuphuza i-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile?

I-Garden zucchini - ukumelana nesomiso, kodwa ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kwenziwe ngomswakama owanele womhlabathi. Ukungabikho kwemvula namanzi isikhathi eside kuthinta umkhiqizo. Ukuphuza i-zucchini ensimini evulekile:

gweba amahlumela kusihlwa ngamanzi afudumele;
ukuphuza kuyadingeka ukuphana, umbuso - masonto onke uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni kanye kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3, lapho kushisa;
uthele amanzi ngaphansi kwezimpande, ungagcini amaqabunga. Ukuvuthwa nokulala emifinini yasemhlabathini kungagqoka isiteji - ibhodi, isiqephu slate, ngakho-ke akuyikubola;
isilinganiso se-humidification singama-8-10 amalitha ngomzuzu ² , ngemuva kokuthi isihlahla sihlanganiswe ngotshani;
Izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukuchelela kunqanyuliwe, ukuze kungadli izinga lezithelo.

Ukunakekela i-zucchini - ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuze ufike esakhiweni se-zucchini ezinamandla, ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kufaka ukuqhuba ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe okwedlule phakathi nenkathi. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlelo olulandelayo:

Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo. Ekhiqizwa ngoJuni ngaphambi kokusila, kunconywa ama-gramu angu-10 e-ammonium nitrate, 40 g we-superphosphate, ama-20 g we-potassium amalungiselelo ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Amabhakede akwanele ukwenza amakhophi angu-10.
I-Zucchini - yokudla nokuzilungisa kwesibili. Kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokubilisa izimbali, kuvamile ukuthi i-1 inkomishi ejwayelekile yamapulangwe ngamabhakede ngamanzi. Esinye isihlahla asikho ingxenye yesigamu sekhambi.
Ukubuyiswa kabusha kwesithathu. Ihlelwe esigabeni sokuhluma: ngo-10 amalitha amanzi, engeza isigamu se litre le-mullein ehlanjululwe kanye no-1 tbsp. l nitrofoski. Umkhuba wesixazululo yilona ilanga ngalinye.

Ukunakekela i-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile - ukuphoqa

Ukunakekelwa okunamandla kwe-zucchini emhlabathini ovulekile kuhilela ukumbumbana ngezinhlobo ezinzima. Ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, banquma isiqu esikhulu esilinganisweni se-1 m, beshiya ama-3 amakhulu amahlumela ama-70 cm ubude nemifino eyodwa ngamunye. Ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi ekukhoneni akudingeki. Kodwa isitshalo esinjalo sinama-photophilous, ngakho awukwazi ukuvimbela ukutshala. Ukuze ucwebe esiteji se-fruiting kumahlumela, amashidi amakhulu angu-1-3 endaweni yangaphakathi ye-whip ayanqunywa. Le nqubo izothuthukisa umoya wokukhanya nokukhanyisa kwamahlumela futhi igweme ukubukeka kokubola.

Zucchini ezweni - izifo nezinambuzane

Ngezinye izikhathi i-zucchini, ukutshala nokuqapha ngokucophelela emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kokukhiqizwa ngendlela efanele, usengakwazi ukugula noma ukuhlaselwa yizidakamizwa. Bahlushwa isiko nokuvuna. Kungani i-zucchini ishiya ephuzi emhlabathini ovulekile?

Amahlumela angenakuqhekeka athathwe yi-fungal, isikhumba se-powdery , esibonakala ngezindawo ezibomvu. Isayithi kumele ilashwe ngesisombululo se-Topsin fungicide se-10%.
Ukuphuza okwejwayelekile kufaka ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Khona-ke isihlahla kufanele sikhonywe ngokufakelwa kwamapulangwe noma izinambuzane.

Ngokumelene nezifo ezifungayo ngesonto ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iphathwa ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube noma i-chloride yethusi. Ngokumelene nama-parasites ajwayelekile (ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies) azosiza inambuzane i-Carbofos, i-Commander. Ama-slugs abamba ama-baits: ubhiya obumnyama buchithelwa emigodini, lapho ama-parasites ehamba ngokudla - asuswa. Ekwindla isayithi lilima kakhulu futhi ngonyaka ozayo bayatshala isiko elisha.