Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala, izimbiza ezimibalabala nama-chrysanthemums zivela ezitolo zezimbali kanye nezitolo. Abaningi bacabanga ngephutha ukuthi lezi zinsuku zonyaka, okuyinto ebusika zingasuswa ngotshwala. Noma kunjalo, lezi zihlahla ngokunakekelwa kahle zizokhula ngaphezu konyaka.
Ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi - izinhlobo
Phakathi kwalokhu kuqhuma kwemibala, okokuqala ngeke uqonde ukuthi zonke izimbiza zihlukile komunye nomunye: usayizi nobujamo befihlekile, amahlamvu kanye nohlobo lomqhele. Kunezinhlobo ezine, phakathi kwazo izimbali zendawo zangaphakathi ze-chrysanthemum zihlukaniswe ngokuthi:
- Ikamelo le-chrysanthemum yaseChina , elisezinhlanzi ezinhlobonhlobo ezilula ezimbili ezilula, isitshalo sikhulu futhi sikhule sibe ngu-130 cm;
- bevela eziQhingini ZaseCanary beza kithi izinhlobo ze-shrubby , likhula kuze kube yimitha yokuphakama, ezindaweni ezifudumele zingakhula emhlabathini ovulekile;
- umnikazi werekhodi ngokulingana ezimakethe zethu kungumusa waseNdiya , ngoba uzizwa engcono kumafasitela nama-balconi kangcono kunabo bonke;
- Amabhola amhlophe - abameleli bezinhlobo zaseKorea , bafuna kakhulu.
Ungayinakekela kanjani ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Ukunakekelwa kokunakekelwa yisibambiso sezihlahla zezimbali. Iqala ngezinsuku zokuqala emva kokuthenga futhi kuqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokuqhakaza. Ngezinye izikhathi kunombono wokuthi ukunakekela ikamelo le-chrysanthemum liyinkimbinkimbi futhi ayikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi izimbali zonyaka zizayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezindlela eziningi abalimi bezitshalo bazibeka icala, ngoba bazama ukunakekela i-chrysanthemum kanye nezitshalo ezijwayelekile eziluhlaza efasiteleni.
Ground for chrysanthemum
Izwe lekamelo le-chrysanthemum akuyona into enzima noma engavamile ukudayiswa. Ilungele izimila zasendlini zangaphakathi zezimbali, iyinhlangano yazo zonke izinhlobo ze-chrysanthemums. Kubalulekile ukondla isitshalo ukukhula okuhle nokuchichima. Uthanda i-chrysanthemum yenkukhu yomquba njengama-fertilizer, enezela ukuthi kufanele ihlulwe, ngaphandle kwalokho inhlabathi iyoba yinto enamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuphepha kwezitshalo, umhlaba uhlaselwa kuhhavini njalo. Uma umsebenzi ukuthola umphumela omkhulu, ungaxuba izithako ngokwakho:
- izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi we-turf;
- ingxenye yezinqununu;
- ingxenye yama-humus;
- ingxenye yesihlabathi, kodwa ngokusanhlamvu okukhulu.
I-pot room ye-chrysanthemum
Ukubheka ibhodlela elisha lesilwane sakho esiluhlaza kungenzeka kuphela ngenkathi elandelayo:
- Isixazululo esiphumelele esihlahleni esincane yisimbiza se-ceramic noma ebumba. Indlela elula ukuhlakulela nokunakekela ama-chrysanthemums angaphakathi emiphakathini ye-laconic, ukuklama ngaphansi kwesitayela sezwe yisisombululo esiphezulu, ama-blossoming amakhulu amabhodlela amhlophe abukeka kahle.
- Ibhodlela ngalinye elilandelayo akumele libe likhulu kakhulu kunelidala, kepha inhlabathi ngenkathi kuguqulwa kudingeka iguqulwe ngokuphelele.
- Uhlelo lwempande lembali luyisisekelo, ngakho-ke izimbiza ezincane eziphakeme ngeke zihambisane nazo. Kodwa izitsha ezincane eziphansi zithintekile, ngoba lesi sitshalo sidinga amanzi amaningi .
Ungayinakekela kanjani ikamelo le-chrysanthemum ngemuva kokuthenga?
Noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo ngemuva kokushintsha kwendawo sidinga isikhathi sokujwayela nokulutha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - izitshalo ezinjalo ezitolo zenziwa ngokukhethekile, futhi inhlabathi ebhodweni izobe ihamba. Ungagcina imbali, ngoba lokhu kunezincomo ezilula kakhulu, ukunakekelwa kwekamelo le-chrysanthemum ngemuva kokuthenga kanje:
- Amasonto amabili, noma amatshumi amathathu, umuntu ohlala efasitela elisha ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi ezikhanyayo. I-chrysanthemum yegumbi isetshenziswa kuphela, akudingeki ukuba ihlukumezeke: ukuchelela, ukufafaza noma ukufaka umanyolo akukakenzeki.
- Into enzima kunazo zonke ukunikeza isitshalo ukuphumula nokulahla amahlumela. Lokhu kusho ukunquma zonke izimbali noma ukulinda baze baqhakaze, futhi basuse abangadingekile. Izimbali zithatha umzamo omkhulu, zizokwenza kube nzima ukujwayela futhi zinciphise amathuba okubheka ngokuphindaphindiwe.
- Uma kungekho imbali eyodwa esele ehlathini, ungaqala ukufakelwa. Okokuqala, sihlola izimpande futhi sisuse zonke izingxenye ezibolile noma ezibonakala zigula zesistimu. Izindawo zezintambo ziphathwa ngelahle elichotshoziwe, bese isihlahla sidluliselwa emhlabathini omusha, kodwa ubukhulu be-vase asishintshi.
I-chrysanthemum yangaphakathi - izimbali
Sithola izihlahla ezimbali ukuze imibala ekhanyayo yefihlekile ihlobise ifasiteleni. Kodwa-ke, ukwenza isiqhakaga sesihlahla akulula. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungumphumela wokunakekelwa okungalungile. Kubuye kwenzeke ukuthi isihlahla sama-chrysanthemum kufanele sisize embali, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kufanele kulungiswe:
- ukutshala izitshalo kuzobe sekushisa okungaphezulu kwe-18 ° C, isihlahla sizwa kabi ekushiseni okukhulu;
- isikhathi sokubhakabhaka sizokwandisa ukuchelela okulungile, uma kuvela ukulwa nokulinganisa futhi ungavumeli inhlabathi ukuthi iphele, ekuseni nakusihlwa ungakhohlwa ngokupuniza ngamanzi;
- asikwazi ukutshala inhlabathi ngaphambi noma emva kokusila, sondla ikamelo le-chrysanthemum kuphela emva kokubonakala kokuvulwa kwebhodlela - inhlabathi empofu nokudla okuncane yisizathu esiningi sokungabi khona kwezimbali;
- Okuzuzisa ukuvela kwefihlekile kuthinta umquba we-potassium ne-phosphorus;
- Uma ungafaki amahlumela ngesikhathi, isihlahla sizohlala sihlaza futhi siqine, kodwa singenakuhluma (awukwazi ukulungisa isimo, ngakho awukwazi ukukhohlwa ngokubunjwa kwamahlumela);
- Uma usuku lokukhanya lungaphansi kwamahora ayisikhombisa, isitshalo asinamandla okwanele okuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukukhanya okwanele nokushisa.
I-chrysanthemum yekamelo - ukunakekelwa ngemva kokuchichima
Isikhathi sokuphumula yisimo esibophezelayo somsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu waleso sitshalo. Kodwa akwanele ukusika amafihledi ahlukanisiwe, ubusika obunamandla buzosiza isikhathi eside sembali. Uma ikamelo lakho le-chrysanthemum liye laphela, kunezixazululo ezine ezinezindlela zokwenza okulandelayo:
- Sifika emgodini oshisayo noma emnyango. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amahlumela aphelile, ashiya ngaphezu kuka-15 cm emhlabathini. Okulandelayo, faka ibhodlela ngesitshalo endaweni ekhanyisiwe, lapho izinga lokushisa lizoshintsha khona ngo-3 ° C. Unganisela, kodwa kanye ngenyanga futhi hhayi ngokuningi.
- Ubusika obuhle kakhulu buzoba ngukushona kwe-chrysanthemum nakwifasitela lendlu. Kulesi simo, ukusika izihlahla emva kokuqhakaza kuyoba okuncane. Siphala embusweni ofanayo nesikhathi sokutshala.
- Ungafaka ibhodlela engaphansi. Ukudubula kuzokufana nokugcina ekungeneni. Inhlabathi iyanisela kakhulu ukuyenza ibe manzi. Okulandelayo, thumela ibhodlela engaphansi.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zizwa zikhulu emva kokuqhakaza emhlabathini ovulekile. Izitshalo zinciphisa ama-10 cm futhi zifafazwe nge-peat eyomile, amaqabunga afanelekayo noma inhlabathi evela ensimini. Ikhava eliphezulu ne-polyethylene, izinto ezikhethekile zokumboza.
Indlela yokwandisa ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Uma i-chrysanthemum yakho ikhule ngamandla futhi inikeze amahlumela amancane, ingahunyushwa. Kunezindlela eziningana lapho ikamelo le-chrysanthemum liveza khona:
- Ngemuva kokubanda ubusika, lesi sitshalo siqala ukukhula futhi sikhuthaze ukunikeza amahlumela amasha. Ngaleso sikhathi izilwane ezincane zithathwe esihlahleni somama. Kufika izithombo eziyisithupha ezitholakala ngokuhluma. Cishe unyaka kamuva izitshalo ezincane ziqala ukuqhuma.
- Ukusika kuyinto indlela yonke indawo izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo. Noma kunjalo, i-chrysanthemum yasendlini, le nketho ayiphumelelanga kangcono kunangaphambili. Khetha izitshalo ezinamandla, bese ubafinyeleleka ku-12 cm bese ubathumela ukuba zihlume endaweni encane enombala, zimboze ngefilimu bese zibeka endaweni ekhanyayo, umoya njalo futhi amanzi emhlabathini.
- Abalimi abanesineke futhi abanesithakazelo abavundi bezinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanelekayo. Izimbewu eziqoqiwe noma ezithengiwe zihlakazekile emhlabathini futhi zikhishwa kancane ngesihlabathi somfula. Ukusuka kokutshala okufakiwe okufakwe emfucumfucu futhi kuhlanganiswe ne-polyethylene. Emasontweni amabili ungalindela izithombo. Ukuvuthwa nokuphuza njalo, emva kokuvela kweqabunga lesine kungase kuhlale.
Ukufakelwa kwe-chrysanthemum ekamelweni
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga i-vase entsha njalo ngenkathi. Izitshalo ezindala zizwa zikhululekile emgqonyeni owodwa iminyaka emibili elandelanayo. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha ikamelo le-chrysanthemum, kufanele ulilungiselele. Inhlabathi ishintshwe ngokuphelele, kepha sigcina iresiphi yokwakheka kwayo. I-vase ngayinye elandelayo kufanele ibe yizilitha elilodwa nengxenye emikhulu, futhi amamentimitha amabili ububanzi. I-algorithm yesenzo ayifani neze nokutshala kwezitshalo ezincane: asikhohlwa ngobuningi bamanzi, sihlanganisa inhlabathi emmpandeni kancane.
Indlela yokunciphisa ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Ngaphandle kokusika izihlahla emva kokusila, ukusika izihlahla kusetshenziselwa ukwakha isihlahla. Embuzweni wokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-chrysanthemums ekamelweni, leli phuzu alilona lokugcina:
- ukuqala kokusika izihlahla kuwela ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu emva kokutshala lesi sitshalo ebhodweni;
- kusukela ubude be-stem cishe ngo-12 cm ukusika ucezu ngamashidi amaningana;
- Ukuqhubeka kokufaka umanyolo we-nitrogen kuqala;
- Emasontweni amabili ungathola amahlumela amasha ezenzweni.
Ungamanzi kanjani ikamelo le-chrysanthemum?
Enye yezinkinga zomlimi wensimu ukuphuza ikamelo le-chrysanthemum. Lapha kufanele uhlale ulinganisela phakathi kwenhlabathi emanzi nemanzi. Isixazululo se-classical nge-saucer noma i-tray yamanzi ngeke yenze, kuyoholela ekuboleni izimpande. Izinhlobo ezingahlwanyelwa embizeni zasekuqaleni zensimu - asiyikuyekethisa ukufafaza, senza kuphela inqubo ekuseni.
Izifo ekamelweni le-chrysanthemum
Phakathi kwezifo ze-fungal, ngokuvamile kuvame ukushayela i-verticillium wilt. Lesi esinye sezizathu ezenza amaqabunga amile ekamelweni le-chrysanthemum. Kulezi zifo zengwenya, ukugqwala ne- powdery isikhutha besaba, i- gray gray ne-septoriosis akuyona inkinga encane. Phakathi kwezifo ezibangelwa yi-virus esongelwa yi-chrysanthemum aspermia, i-dwarfism, indawo yendandatho kanye ne-mosaic.