I-bronchitis engavamile yokuvimbela isifo esibhekene nokuvuvukala okungapheli kwe-bronchi engeyona okwehliswayo okuholela ekuphazamiseni kancane kancane kwe-ventilation ye-pulmonary. Inqubo yokuvuvukala ihlanganisa zonke izakhiwo ze-morphological ze-bronchi, kanye nezicubu ze-peribronchial ne-alveoli. Mayelana nezimbangela, izimpawu nendlela yokuphulukisa i-bronchitis engavamile, ake sixoxe kabanzi.
Izimbangela ze-bronchitis engavamile
Yenza izinkinga eziningana ezivusa lesi sifo, ezihlanganisa:
- ukubhema;
- ukutholakala kwezakhi zofuzo (ukuntuleka kwe-α1-antitrypsin);
- ukungcola komoya ngothuli kanye nezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali;
- izingozi zomsebenzi.
Izisebenzi ezinobungozi obuningi bokuthuthukisa i-bronchitis engavimbayo yilezi:
- abavukuzi;
- abakhi abahambisana nemisebenzi yamasenti;
- abasebenzi embonini ye-metallurgical;
- izitimela;
- abasebenzi abahambisana nokusetshenziselwa ukotini, okusanhlamvu nokukhiqizwa kwephepha;
- abasebenzi basehhovisi abahambisana nokunyathelisa kuma-printer laser.
Ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezibeka ingozi, ushintsho lwe-pathological in mucosa lwe-bronchial lwenzeka, kanye nokwakheka kwezinguquko ze-bronchial secretion. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezinsizakalo ezincane (amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, isikhunta).
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis engavamile
Izikhalazo zokuqala lapho iziguli ezine-bronchitis ezingapheli ziphendukela kudokotela zikhwehlela futhi ziphefumula, kwezinye izimo zihlangene ne-wheezing. Lezi zimpawu zizwakala kakhulu ekuseni emva kokuvuka. Ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuqala kuzwa nje ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Esikhathini esibandayo, kuneziqephu ezivame ukutheleleka kokuphefumula, okuqala ukuthi akubopheki kwesifo esisodwa.
I-sputum e-bronchitis engavamile yokukhubazeka ngokuvamile ivela emanini amancane, inemvelo emangcwabeni. Umlingiswa we-sputum ophuthumayo utholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sezifo ezithathelwanayo, okungukuthi, njengombuso, kuthathwa njengezimo eziphuthumayo (i-chronic obstructive purulent bronchitis).
Njengoba lesi sifo sithuthuka, ukukhwehlela kukhishwa uketshezi, okubonakala kakhulu ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi okusheshayo, kanye nokuhamba kwesondo . Ukuphefumula, okokuqala kubonakala njengokuntuleka komoya, bese kuqhubekela phambili ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula.
Ukweqisa kwe-bronchitis engavamile
Njengezinye izifo ezingapheliyo, isikhathi sokukhipha ukukhishwa kwe-chronic obstructive bronchitis sinezinye izikhathi zokucima amandla. Zibangela ukukhushulwa kwe-hypothermia, ukukhulelwa kwegciwane, ukuphefumula kwamagciwane okuphefumula.
Izimpawu zokweqisa kwe-bronchitis engapheliyo:
- ukukhwehlela okukhulu;
- isikhwama esiphezulu;
- shintsha ngombala we-sputum (ophuzi, obuluhlaza, obunzima);
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- ikhanda;
- ubuthakathaka, isisu emzimbeni.
Izinkinga ze-bronchitis engavamile:
- Ukungakwazi ukuphefumula;
- i-pulmonary hypertension;
- inhliziyo yamapulmari;
- ukungakwazi ukujikeleza.
Indlela yokwelapha i-bronchitis engavamile?
Ukwelashwa kwe-chronic obstructive bronchitis, okokuqala, kusho ukuqedwa komthelela omubi ohlelweni lokuphefumula ( ukuyeka ukubhema , ukuguqulwa komsebenzi, ukuhlala kabusha ezindaweni ezihlanzekile eziphilayo). Lezi zinyathelo nazo ziyindlela esemqoka yokuvimbela i-bronchitis engavamile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis engapheliyo kuhlanganisa:
- izindlela ze-physiotherapy;
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-bronchodilators;
- ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala;
- ukuqokwa kwemithi yokwelapha;
- ukulungisa ukuhluleka kokuphefumula;
- ukwelashwa okulwa namagciwane (ngezingcindezi);
- i-vitamin therapy.