Ukutholakala kwama-gallstones akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusebenza. Kwezinye izimo, kwanele ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezifanele. Uhlobo lwezokwelapha ezikhethwe yi-gastroenterologist kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo, ngokusekelwe enhlotsheni yamatshe atholakala esigulini futhi lapho ahlala khona.
Ukwelapha izidakamizwa zama-gallstones
Uma umuntu enamatshe e-cholesterol ku-gallbladder, ukwelashwa kungadliwa kuphela. Yenziwa ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ursodeoxycholic noma i-chenodeoxycholic acid. Imithi enjalo ihlanganisa amaphilisi:
- I-Ursofalk ;
- UHenosan;
- I-Ursosan;
- I-Genohol;
- Henofalk.
Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukubuyisela isilinganiso esivamile se-bile acid ne-cholesterol. Kulesi simo, i-cholesterol eyengeziwe iguqulwa ibe ifomu elungile, elinciphisa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi liyeke ngokuphelele inqubo yokwakhiwa kwamatshe. Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezinjalo, kufanele ungafaki ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene ezikhuthaza ukwakheka kwamatshe (isibonelo, ama-estrogens enza izici ezihlukene zokukhulelwa).
Ukwelapha izidakamizwa zamatshe okucholesteric ku-gallbladder kungenziwa kuphela uma amatshe engagcwalanga ngaphezu kwengxenye yelungu, futhi amadayipi enobhala anemithombo emihle. Inkambo yokwelashwa okunjalo ihlala izinyanga ezingu-24, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuhlolwa okungenani izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka nge-ultrasound.
Ukuphatha amatshe ku-gallbladder nge-ultrasound noma i-laser
Uma ububanzi bamatshe enkanyeni yesilonda akudluli ku-3 cm, ukwelashwa kungenziwa nge-laser noma i-ultrasound. Shayela ukwelashwa okunjalo kude okuchotshozwayo - i-cholesterol, izithako zokubala, izingulube noma ezixutshwe zichotshozwa zibe yizicucu ezincane (ubukhulu obuphakathi no-1-2 mm). Bayaxoshwa emzimbeni kanye namazinyo. Le nqubo iboniswa kuphela iziguli ezinezinkontileka ezanele ze-gallbladder. Ungayithwala uma inani lamatshe amatshe angadluli izicucu ezintathu.
Ukwelashwa ngamatshe emgodbladder nge-ultrasound noma i-laser kuyinkqubo engenabuhlungu ngokuphelele. Kubekezelela kahle iziguli zenkathi ehlukene futhi kungenziwa ngisho nasesiguli. Njengomthetho, ubude bayo buyimaminithi angu-30-60.
Ukususwa kwamatshe
Uma amatshe amakhulu kakhulu noma ukwelashwa kwe-gallstones akusizi ngalutho, kwenziwa umsebenzi - cholecystectomy evulekile noma cholecystectomy laparoscopic. Ngesikhathi se-cholecystectomy evulekile, kwenziwa ukusika kwesisu somzimba, udokotela ohlinzayo uqhuba ucwaningo, ususa i-gallbladder, i-drain (uma kunesidingo) futhi i-sutures isilonda. Uma ama-tubins (amashubhu epulasitiki) afakwe ukuphuma kwegazi, ama-exudate enxeba kanye nama-fluids, emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kumele asuswe. Lokhu kwenziwa futhi ngudokotela ohlinzayo.
I-cholecystectomy ye-laparoscopic iyisisetshenziswa sokususa i-gallbladder , eyenziwa ngosizo lwezinto zokugcina ze-endoscopic nama-laparoscopes (i-tube ekhethekile ene-lens system, ikhamera yevidiyo kanye nekhebula elibonakalayo elinesibani se-xenon noma omunye umthombo wokukhanya obandayo). Le ndlela inezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwe-peration evamile. Kuyinto edabukisayo kakhulu, njengoba engenziwanga
Ukwelashwa kwamatshe amakhulu noma amancane ku-gallbladder ngendlela ye-cholecystectomy ye-laparoscopic iphikisana kuphela lapho:
- ukukhulelwa (3rd trimester);
- izifo ezinzima ze-cardiopulmonary;
- isimo esingacacile se-anatomical.