Ama-fluoroquinolones ama-antimicrobial lapho amakhemikhali adalwe ngokuhlakanipha. Ukuqala kokungena empilweni yethu, ngesimo sesizukulwane sesibili sezidakamizwa zaleli qembu (i-ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), kubhekwa njengeminyaka eyi-80 yekhulu lama-XX. Isici sabo esiyingqayizivele kwakuyizinhlu eziningi kakhulu ezenzweni zokulwa nezilwanyana ezincane, amabhaktheriya, kanye nesilinganiso esiphakeme sokumunwa kwesidakamizwa emangqamuzaneni omzimba, futhi sisakaze sibe yi-foci yokutheleleka.
Eminyakeni eyishumi, izwe labona izizukulwane ze-fluoroquinolones III ne-IV, ezazitholakala kakhulu ngokulwa namabhaktheriya (ngokuyinhloko i-pneumococci), izinambuzane ezincane, izifo zamagciwane ezifo ze-intracellular. Enye yezinzuzo ze-fluoroquinolones yesizukulwane sokugcina ukukhishwa okukhulu kwezinto.
Ama-antibiotics eqenjini lama-fluoroquinolones, ngokungena ngqo emzimbeni, enza ngendlela evimbela umsebenzi obalulekile we-DNA-gyrase (i-enzyme ye-microbial cell, engxenyeni ebalulekile yokutheleleka), okuyilapho ibulala khona i-microbe.
Ukuhambisana kwe-fluoroquinolones
Ama-fluoroquinolones anezinkomba eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwawo emthini wezokwelapha. Ngesizo sabo, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izinyathelo zesinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokwelapha izifo ezinzima, zihambisana kahle nezinye izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane.
Izigaba ze-Fluoroquinolones
- i-finolones yokuqala engezange-fluorinated;
- i-fluoroquinolones yesibili-gram-negative;
- i-third - fluoroquinolones yokuphefumula;
- okwesine - ukuphefumula kanye ne-antianaerobic fluoroquinolones.
I-fluoroquinolones yesisetshenziswa sakamuva:
- izifo zendlela yokuphefumula nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-ENT: i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-sinusitis ejulile, izono zangaphambili (kanye nezinkinga ezivela esikhathini sesifo sezinhlobonhlobo);
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zezinso, kanye nesistimu ye-genitourinary: i-cystitis (acute futhi engapheliyo), i-pyelonephritis (i-acute, engapheliyo, nezinkinga ezivela kulolu hlobo lwesifo);
- kanye nezifo zesigungu somzimba: isisu, i-salmonellosis, izifo ezisekelwe emathini emathunjini, umkhuhlane we-typhoid;
- ngenxa yokutheleleka kwesikhumba kanye nesistimu ye-articular;
- ezinezifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi: gonorrhea, soft chancroid;
- ukwelashwa nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo, ngokuzivikela okubuthakathaka noma ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yayo;
- ukuze kutholakale umzimba emkhatsini we-postoperative period.
Ama-antibiotics we-fluoroquinolones imiphumela emibi yeqembu:
- ngoba uhlelo lwe-hematopoietic: i-anemia, ukunciphisa ama-leukocytes egazini (okuholela ekunciphiseni emzimbeni wokuzivikela) kanye namaplatelets (okudambisa igazi coagulability);
- ngoba umuthi wamathumbu: ubuhlungu esiswini, i-flatulence, ukunciphisa ukufisa ukudla, ukubonakala kwezinyosi, ukunambitheka kwe-metal emlonyeni, ezimweni ezingavamile -
ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu; - ngesibindi: ukuwohloka komthamo wayo wokusebenza;
- isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko: i-migraine, ukuleleka, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo, ezimweni ezingavamile - ukuphelelwa amandla, ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo kanye nokucubungula;
- isikhumba: ukubukeka komzimba emzimbeni, ukubonakala kokushaywa;
- for uhlelo urinary: nephritis, izinguquko umbala umchamo;
- for imisebenzi anatomical: isifuba augmentation kubantu;
- for amathambo kanye muscle izinhlelo: ubuhlungu.