I-Bologna - idolobha lase-Italy elihle futhi elihle kakhulu, eliseduze ne- Milan , indawo yokuzalwa ye- sauce edumile, lapho ungabona khona izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Lapha, izakhiwo zanamuhla zinezakhiwo ezindala, okumangalisa ngokuvumelana ngokuvumelana nendawo ejwayelekile yokwakhiwa kwedolobha. Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele uyenze e-Bologna?
I-Basilica yaseSt. Petronius
Lesi sonto esikhulu sakhiwa ngo-1479 ensimini yamasonto amancane ayisishiyagalombili. Kuyinto yesonto elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kunokuba izakhamuzi zaseBoli ziziqhenya kakhulu. I-basilica yenziwe ngendlela yesiphambano samaKatolika, inama-naves amathathu nama-chapel. Umhlobiso wesonto, kokubili wangaphandle nangaphakathi, wenziwe ngesitayela seGothic.
Isici esithakazelisayo se-basilica yilo meridian elidonsa phansi, elifakazela ukuthi ukujikeleza komhlaba ukuzungeza ilanga. Futhi ekamelweni lesonto kukhona izitho ezimbili - ezindala kunabo bonke e-Italy.
University of Bologna
Lesi yisikhungo sokufundisa esikhuthele, esingenye yeyunivesithi endala eYurophu. Ngesinye isikhathi, uFrancesco Petrarca no-Albrecht Durer, uDante Alighieri noParacelsus, uPapa Nicholas V nabanye abantu abadumile nabaculi banikwa ulwazi lwabo lapha. IYunivesithi yasungulwa ngo-1088 futhi ngokushesha yaba isikhungo sezesayensi yaseYurophu, eyaziwa njenge-Studium. I-Bologna University yabuthana ngaphansi kwezingxenye zayo zabahlakaniphi bezingqondo ngaleso sikhathi. Namuhla, abafundi abangaphezu kwezingu-90,000 babhalisiwe lapha abaza e-Bologna kusuka ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zase-Italy nakwamanye amazwe.
Umthombo weNeptune
In Piazza Nepttuno kunesakhiwo esingavamile. Ukuze babheke umthombo waseNeptune, izivakashi eziningi ziza eBoorgia. Lo mthombo wakhiwa ngumdwebi uJambologni, owamiswa uKardinal Borromeo.
Isici esiyinhloko esivela kulokhu okukhanga iBoomora kuyisiqephu esingavamile esibucayi phakathi nendawo. Ukuxoshwa elwandle lensimbi uNeptune ubambe ngesandla sakhe sendabuko yendabuko, futhi azungeze izinkanyezi zakhe zethusi, ngakho ukuveza ngokucacile ukuthi lokhu kubangele ukuphikisana phakathi kwabantu baseBoli. Abanye banikeza "ukugqoka" abalingiswa bemfundiso yamabhantshi ngamabhulukwe obhedu, abanye balwela ngentshiseko ukudilizwa kwesakhiwo, kodwa umthombo weNeptune uhlala endaweni yawo kuze kube yilolu suku.
Kunezibonakaliso eziningana ezihlobene nomthombo weNeptune. Isibonelo, izikhathi eziningana ukuzungezile ngeso lengqondo kuyisibonakaliso "senhlanhla", esetshenziswe ngabafundi beYunivesithi yaseBolace, izakhamuzi nezivakashi zedolobha iminyaka eminingi.
I-Pinakothek
Imyuziyamu enkulu kunazo zonke yaseBolau yiNational Pinakothek - enye yezemibukiso emihle kakhulu e-Italy. Iqukethe imibukiso eminingi ebalulekile: imisebenzi kaRafael noGiotto, uGuido Reni no-Annibale Carraz, kanye namanye amakhosikazi aseNtaliyane adumile adala eminyakeni eyi-XIII-XIX.
I-Pinacoteca ihlanganisa amahholo angama-30 angama-exhibition. Kunemibukiso evamile yobuciko besimanje, izifundo zokuqeqesha.
Izindawo zokuhamba nezindawo zaseBoli
Noma ubani ovakashela i-Bologna uyakhumbula imibhoshongo yakhe edumile eminingi. Zakhiwe eNkathini Ephakathi, hhayi nje kuphela izakhiwo zokuzivikela. Emakhulwini e-XII-XIII phakathi kwemindeni ecebile kwakucatshangwa ukuthi iyathandwa kakhulu ukuhleleka ukulungiswa kombhoshongo ngezindlela zawo. Ngakho imibhoshongo ye-Azinelli (ephakeme kunawo wonke edolobheni), i-Azzovigi, iGarizenda neminye imibhoshongo-izimpawu zeBoliya zakhiwa. Kuze kube sesikhathini sethu, kuphela imibhoshongo engu-17 kuphela eyi-180 egcinwe e-Bologna. Iqukethe amabhentshi ezitolo zendawo abadwebi bezitolo ezithengisa izikhumbuzo nemisebenzi yezandla ezehlukene.
Ama-arcade awakhiwe isikhathi eside esakhiweni ezihlanganisa izakhiwo zomuzi omunye nomunye. Ngenye yezinto ezikhangayo kunazo zonke e-Bologna kanye nemibhoshongo. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyi-Middle Ages, lapho idolobha lathola ithuba layo, liba yindawo eyaziwayo yezobuchwepheshe e-Italy, ukuphathwa kwe-Bologna kunqume ukwakha amatshe anjalo eduze kwesakhiwo ngasinye esikhulu. Khona-ke babeyizinkuni, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bathatha indawo ngamatshe, ngaphandle kwesango elilodwa lezinkuni emgwaqweni waseMaggiore. Ngenxa yalokho, i-arcade ixhuma cishe idolobha lonke: ingahamba ngokukhululekile, ifihle emoyeni noma imvula.
