I-aestrosclerosis yisifo esivamile esiyingozi esihambisana nokuvinjelwa kancane kancane emithanjeni yegazi futhi okuholela ekuphukeni kwegazi ngezindwangu zezitho ezihlukahlukene. Kuze kube yimanje, izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokwelapha lesi sifo zingenelela emithanjeni, phakathi kwazo okuyinto enokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke imithi yegazi.
Kuyini ukugcoba kwe-vascular?
Ukugxila kungukungenelela kokuhlinzekwa okuncane okuhloswe ngokuhloswe ukubuyisela isibani esivamile semithambo echaphazelekayo. Ukusebenza kwenziwa ekamelweni elihlonyelwe ngaphansi kwe-X-ray control, ngokuqoshwa okuqhubekayo komzimba wesiguli. Ukuzamazama kwenziwa nge-anesthesia yendawo.
Okuyinhloko yokungenelela kokuhlinzwa kanje. Ukwakhiwa kwodonga lwesitsha esithintekile kuyenziwa, lapho kukhonjiswa khona i-catheter ekhethekile enebhalothi ekupheleni komkhumbi. Esizeni lapho ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kuphazamiseka khona, leli baluni lihlonyelwe (ngokufaka injini ekhethekile kulo), ukwandisa izindonga zamasongo. Ukuze kulondolozwe isikhanyiso esinjalo somkhumbi, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esikhethekile semishini-i-stent. I-stent yenziwe ngensimbi futhi isebenza njengohlobo lwamathambo, okuvimbela ukuqhubekela phambili komkhumbi. Kuye ubude besigaba esincane, ama-stents amaningana angafakwa esikebheni esifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Izinkomba zokuthunga imithwalo yegazi
Ukugxila kungenziwa ezitsheni zezindawo ezihlukene:
- Ukugxilisa imithwalo yegazi yenhliziyo (imithambo ye-coronary) - kulokhu, ukusebenza kuboniswa uma i-angina ivela noma ingozi enkulu ye-infarction ye-myocardial ngemuva kwesifo se-ischemic.
- Ukugxila kwezimpahla ezisezingeni eliphansi (imilenze) - ukunqotshwa inqubo ye-atherosclerotic yezimpahla zemilenze isongela ngezinkinga eziyingozi, phakathi kwazo-izigulane nezidumbu. Ukusebenza kuboniswa izinguquko ze-trophic, ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yamalungu.
- Izitsha ze-cerebral ezinamandla (isifo se-ceretid arteries esisezintanyeni) sinconywa ngokunciphisa okukhulu (60%
- Ukuthungatha kwemithi yezinso (imishanguzo ye-renal) - ukusebenza kukhonjiswe phambi kwama-atherosclerotic plaques ezitsheni ze-renal uma kwenzeka ukuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwenqunu kanye nokucindezeleka komzimba.
Ukungahambisani nemikhumbi yegazi
Ukusebenza kokufaka ama-stents ezitsheni akunakwenziwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- ububanzi obuncane bomkhumbi - ubuchwepheshe bwanamuhla buvumela ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi ephethe ububanzi obungenani 2.5 -3 mm;
- inqwaba yendawo yokunciphisa umshini (isisu esingafaniyo somkhumbi);
- ukuhluleka okukhulu kokuphefumula;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-renal;
- ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ;
- ukungahambi kahle kwe-iodine (iodine isetshenziswa ku-X-ray imithi ehlukile).
Izinkinga emva kwemikhumbi epholile
Njengokunye ukungenelela okuhlinzekwayo, emva kokufaka ama-stents ezitsheni, ezinye izinkinga zingase zikhule, okungukuthi:
- umonakalo odongeni lwesitsha;
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- ukushona komkhumbi;
- ukwakheka kwama-hematomas ezindaweni zokuqothula;
- umsebenzi wezinso okhubazekile;
- i-thrombosis, i-stenosis ephindaphindiwe.
Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuthungatha kwezimpahla zenhliziyo
Ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa emva kokuthungwa kwemikhumbi ye-coronary, eyenziwa kaningi, iziguli kufanele zihambisane nezincomo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuphumula okulalayo okusheshayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuvimbela ukusebenza komzimba emva kokukhishwa, ukungabikho kokugeza okushisayo noma ukugeza.
- Ukwenqaba ukushayela.
- Ukuhambisana nokudla okunempilo.
- Ukudla okungapheli kwemithi enqunyiwe.